Archive for the ‘Life Extension’ Category

2020 was transformative in violent and destructive ways - the pandemic has taken a huge social, medical, cultural, and financial toll on us collectively as a species. As of the writing of this note, COVID-19 has caused the deaths of 1.62 million people, including over 300,000 Americans. Our pandemic coverage has attempted to make simple the complexity of this moment, crystalizing expertise from bioethicists, biochemists, immunologists, virologists, bioengineers, epidemiologists, geneticists, healthcare practitioners, and global health specialists.

That said, we did not abandon our bread-and-butter scientific reporting. Ninety percent of our published stories were about research and stories across the sciences and engineering and that paid off in terms of traffic. We had about 2.7M pageviews in 2020, up 65 percent from 1.6M in 2019. COVID-19 coverage overwhelmed many readers in 2020, and we found our non-pandemic articles were welcomed by readers awash in hot-takes by writers without scientific expertise.

Unlike many other science news outlets that saw outsized growth driven entirely by pandemic coverage, our growth has been organic across all of our topics and channels around 11 percent of our pageviews in 2020 came from COVID-19 coverage. This growth bodes well for us in a shifting science news landscape in the coming years, as climate change drives more of the big news cycles.

We've done our best to stay value-aligned, creating equitable structures for our team and our community of scientist writers. We also make our values transparent to our audiences. The values we stated as the national uprising for Black liberation erupted in the summer of 2020 are still values we fight for in our work as a news media organization. The disparate impact of COVID-19 on BIPOC communities is stark and brutal and we will continue to highlight the violence that research can perpetuate when carelessly designed, implemented, and funded.

In addition to leading Massive Science, I started working at the media organization Science Friday in February of 2020, and shortly after my co-founder Allan Lasser began working at the content management system (CMS) company TakeShape. Massive runs on the TakeShape CMS, and Science Friday's audio products and radio program are mission-aligned with the work that Massive does. We've found that working within these organizations has been helpful in pushing Massive to grow in new directions.

We hope in the next two years to find a home for Massive that is more permanent. The options for Massive are infinite, and it will be our goal to find a safe and equitable place for Massive to continue to grow as an editorial science community and platform.

Communicating science during the pandemic has been an interesting challenge for scientists, news media outlets, and journalists. Thankfully, we had spent three years preparing for this moment. One of our first editors, Dr. Ashely Juavinett, summed the challenge up nicely:

Massive broke its previous monthly traffic record in May 2020. We haven't been able to consistently clear 300,000 monthly pageviews yet, but in comparison to 2019, monthly traffic has remained higher and more constant.

2020 easily broke our yearly traffic record set in 2019. The higher traffic also came with a 12 percent increase in the average time readers spend on a page, from 3:03 in 2019 to 3:25 in 2020, with long-form article time-on-page clocking in at 4:11. We're happy with the increase two minutes is considered the start of the "good" time-on-page range, so increasing at a healthy rate here is wonderful.

Massive's bread-and-butter is always basic science, but 2020 was the year we started doing more explainer articles, specifically focused on trending science news. For instance, in July, months ahead of most outlets, we published a piece explaining what exactly an mRNA vaccine is, and what its pros and cons are. In preparation for the winter holidays, we published a series of explainers on evolution and climate change (a two-parter), that we figured would be fodder for family arguments.

In the past, we've experimented with theme weeks, butwe tried a theme month this year and had a lot more success. In the second half of 2020, we started publishing many more interviews than we have in the past. These include one-offs (like this interview with neuroscientist Yewande Pearse about life extension) and series of interviews, like our collaboration with Science Friday on conversations with prominent women scientists. Massive also kept up with the evolving intersection of politics and science. This includes publishing anonymously-written articles from Black scientists as well as immigrant scientists facing deportation.

The most popular articles were, predictably, articles that explained rumors about COVID or put the pandemic in a different light. Five of the 10 most popular articles of the year were about COVID one explained how the virus initially spread, one debunked a conspiracy theory about the virus's origins, and the #1 most popular article put social distancing behavior in a new light.

None of what we do at Massive would have been possible without the support of the community of scientists who work with us and write with us. None of it would have been possible without the support of our partners, supporters and collaborators. And none of it would happen without the dedication of our community, editorial, and infrastructure teams! They are amazing people and I am so proud of what we've done.

I hope this has given you a sense of what Massive is all about, and how we dealt with the ups and downs of 2020. We're really excited about 2021 and hope you'll stick with us. If you ever have questions or feedback about Massive, please email me directly at nadja@massivesci.com.

Onwards to 2021 with the lessons of 2020 close at hand...

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Massive Science Year in Review: 2020 edition - Massive Science

Pantheras clinical trial sites in Preston, North Manchester and North London began dosing volunteers in the Phase III PROVENT trial which will evaluate AstraZenecas long-acting antibody combination, AZD7442, for the potential prevention of COVID-19.

The double-blind, placebo-controlled trial will include adult volunteers who have no history of COVID-19 and have an increased risk of infection, including those over 60, a BMI of over 30, a chronic medical condition, taking immunosuppressive medications or those more likely to be exposed, such as NHS workers, or those living in shared accommodation, such as students or the armed services.

Pantheras dedicated research sites were selected to take part in the trial because of their experience in enrolling and supporting volunteers. The three sites have put in place strict protocols in place to minimise the risk to both volunteers and staff. This enables the company to continue running clinical trials throughout the pandemic.

The trial of AZD7442 single dose inoculation will run for a year and looks to recruit 5000 volunteers globally. The aim of the trial is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a combination of two long-acting monoclonal antibodies - man-made versions of naturally occurring human antibodies of the immune system - in preventing COVID-19 infection.

The "antibody combination" differs from a vaccine as it provides antibodies, rather than prompting the body's immune system to make them.

The treatment is aimed at helping those people with a compromised immune system, who cannot be vaccinated, vaccine hesitant and those who are unlikely to respond to a vaccination.

In the event of any volunteers developing COVID -19 symptoms Panthera will be providing support to the patient and ensuring the study can continue with those individuals safely isolated.

Stuart Young CEO of Panthera commented: We are delighted that we have been chosen to enroll volunteers in this critical study. We have taken great care in making sure our sites are as safe as possible for both volunteers and staff so that clinical trials can continue. This is vital in ensuring that there are new medications available to prevent and treat, not only COVID-19, but the many other conditions which afflict so many people.

AstraZeneca's LAAB combination, AZD7442, has been engineered with AstraZeneca's proprietary half-life extension technology to increase the durability of the therapy for six to 12 months following a single administration. The inoculation combines two LAABs which are designed to increase the potency and reduce the risk of resistance being developed by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

About Panthera Biopartners an Independent Site Management Organisation

Panthera Biopartners was founded by Dr Ian Smith founder of Synexus - and Professor John Lyon previously senior executive in Covance and serial entrepreneur - to provide CROs and pharma clients with services relating to the recruitment and running of clinical trials at customised clinical trial sites by GCP trained healthcare professionals.

Panthera has a growing network of sites across the UK managing studies in a variety of conditions in both primary care settings and hospital sites running trials in key secondary care conditions such as CNS, oncology and NASH with specialist investigators.

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Panthera began dosing volunteers in AstraZeneca's phase III of its long-acting antibody combination AZD7442 for the prevention of COVID-19 at its...

TRUMPS DESPERATE ENDGAME: With the Senate poised to possibly flip to the Democrats and Congress set to certify President-elect Joe Bidens 306-232 Electoral College win later today, President Trump is mounting a final rearguard assault on the constitutional process and will tell thousands of supporters rallying near the White House this morning that he expects Vice President Mike Pence to deliver the victory to him.

In a statement last night, Trump denied reports that Pence had rebuffed his entreaties to intervene to stop Biden from taking office and insisted Pence can act on his behalf. The Vice President and I are in total agreement that the Vice President has the power to act, he said, calling election returns in contested states corrupt and illegal.

Trump said Pence could either send some results back to states for review or simply decertify the results and throw the election to the House of Representatives, where Republicans would have the advantage because each state gets only one vote. Even Trumps own lawyers say that would be unconstitutional.

THE ANGRY CROWD: President Trump has promised to address his supporters personally later this morning at a "March to Save America" rally just south of the White House.

I will be speaking at the SAVE AMERICA RALLY tomorrow on the Ellipse at 11AM Eastern. Arrive early doors open at 7AM Eastern. BIG CROWDS! he tweeted.

Yesterday, hundreds of supporters gathered in Freedom Plaza many without masks and stayed into the night as temperatures dropped to the low 40s and a steady rain fell.

Among the speakers was former national security adviser retired Lt. Gen. Michael Flynn recently pardoned by Trump, who told the crowd, We stand at a crucible moment in United States history.

The rally opened with one speaker shouting F--- ANTIFA for several minutes, long attacks on George Soros, unspecified links to Hugo Chavez and U.S. democracy, and lots of COVID-19 deniers, reported Tom Squitieri of Talk Media News. Who here is up to the task of not wearing a mask? ... Jesus is king and its time to let freedom ring, one speaker goaded, as he gave website directions for anti-COVID wonder drugs and urged the crowd to hug each other, he reported.

UNARMED, CLEARLY MARKED: Meanwhile, the 340 D.C. National Guard troops requested by Washington, D.C., Mayor Muriel Bowser are taking great pains to avoid the confusion of last June, when various law enforcement personnel wore military-style camouflage as they moved against mostly peaceful protesters in Lafayette Square. Many observers thought the Guard had moved against their fellow citizens.

A video released by the Guard shows the troops in support of local police, helping to direct traffic and control crowds, and importantly sporting black identification vests that clearly identify them as National Guard, including their names. The black identification vest is not body armor nor a tactical vest, the Guard said in a statement.

And they are unarmed and not equipped with riot shields or batons. We've explicitly been told there is no weaponry of any kind for this mission, a Guard spokesman told the Washington Examiners Abraham Mahshie. If anything came to that, yes, they would have to facilitate transportation back to the armory.

ANTIFA THE REAL PROBLEM: While half-a-dozen protesters were arrested yesterday on various charges, including possession of guns and ammunition and in one case, assaulting a police officer, the White House issued a statement which made no mention of the armed supporters clashing with local police, instead accusing antifa activists, who werent there, of domestic terrorism.

Despite the lack of any significant counterprotesters, the statement from press secretary Kayleigh McEnany said Trump has signed a memorandum to ensure that Federal officials assess actions of Antifa activists in light of Federal laws that restrict the entry of aliens associated with terrorist organizations and aliens intent on criminal activity.

President Trump will not allow Antifa, or any terrorist organization, to destroy our great country, she said.

Good Wednesday morning and welcome to Jamie McIntyres Daily on Defense, written and compiled by Washington Examiner National Security Senior Writer Jamie McIntyre (@jamiejmcintyre) and edited by Victor I. Nava. Email here with tips, suggestions, calendar items, and anything else. Sign up or read current and back issues at DailyonDefense.com. If signing up doesnt work, shoot us an email and well add you to our list. And be sure to follow us on Twitter: @dailyondefense.

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HAPPENING TODAY: WILL HE OR WONT HE? There will be high drama at this afternoons joint session of Congress to certify Joe Bidens win. The big question: How will Mike Pence, serving in his role as president of the Senate, handle what could be the final loyalty test from Trump.

Pence has a largely ceremonial role, opening the sealed envelopes from the states after they are carried in mahogany boxes used for the occasion, and reading the results aloud, noted the Associated Press. But he is under growing pressure from Trump to tip it to the presidents favor, despite having no power to affect the outcome.

Trump tweeted this morning: If Vice President @Mike_Pence comes through for us, we will win the Presidency.

VETERANS DEADLIEST FOE: We learned this week from the Department of Veterans Affairs (first reported by Military Times) that the number of veterans who have died from COVID-19 has now surpassed total military deaths in the Iraq and Afghanistan wars combined.

The latest figures on the VA website show 6,929 deaths, compared to 6,756 military deaths from Operation Iraqi Freedom (2003 to 2010) and Operation Enduring Freedom (2001 to 2014).

This is obviously a national crisis and one that extends far beyond the veteran community. But the effects on Americas veterans are emblematic of the deteriorating situation and also indicative of where a well-led Department of Veterans Affairs could be contributing to the national recovery, said Jeremy Butler, CEO of Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America. Those hardest hit by the pandemic are elderly, those in nursing homes, those with co-morbidities and minorities all demographics that are widely represented by the nations veteran community.

MORE BIDEN PICKS: President-elect Biden plans to nominate Wendy Sherman, the chief U.S. negotiator of the Iran nuclear deal, to be deputy secretary of state, according to published reports.

The No. 3 job at the State Department is expected to go to former department spokesperson Victoria Nuland, who served under Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.

A former Washington Post reporter, Jon Finer is in line to be deputy national security adviser, according to the Washington Post, citing two people familiar with the decision. Finer is a former director of policy planning at State.

Former Brookings Institution fellow Amanda Sloat, who was deputy assistant secretary of state for Southern Europe and Eastern Mediterranean, is reportedly Bidens pick for senior director for Europe on the NSC, says Politico, which was first to report the potential nominations.

CHINA RAIDS: China has conducted a massive round-up of roughly 50 pro-democracy activists in Hong Kong, making the arrests under a new national security law, in what many see as a sign of Beijings willingness to crush opposition forces in the former British colony.

Chairman Xi sees a divided and distracted America, and he isnt wasting the moment, said Republican Sen. Ben Sasse, a self-described China hawk, in a statement. These despicable raids expose the Chinese Communist Party for the cowardly dictators they are.

Those targeted appeared to include all candidates who had run in an unofficial opposition primary last year ahead of an expected election for Hong Kongs legislature, reported the Associated Press.

HOW DO YOU MEASURE SUCCESS? President Trumps top border official says the president fulfilled a promise to install 450 miles of border wall along the U.S.-Mexico boundary by the end of 2020. But upon closer examination, the actual figure for new border barriers is closer to 40 miles.

The construction represents a partial fulfillment of Trump's campaign promises, reports Anna Giaritelli, Washington Examiner Homeland Security Reporter. Trump vowed as a candidate to put up 1,000 miles of wall on the nearly 2,000-mile border, which stretches from the Pacific Coast in California to the Gulf of Mexico in Texas. He also said he would get it done for $4 billion. To date, 738 miles of border wall has been funded for $15 billion. Four hundred and fifty miles of the 738 have been completed.

But Giaritelli notes, More than 340 miles of the 450 total newly installed miles are in the place of older fencing, while 40 miles are brand new in previously unsecured areas. The remaining 50-plus miles are secondary fencing or duplicate barriers put up behind the main fence.

STANDOFF NUKE NEEDED: The Heritage Foundation is out this morning with an analysis of the need for the U.S. to modernize its nuclear air-launched cruise missile to sustain the air leg of the nuclear triad.

Patty-Jane Geller, whose portfolio at Heritage is nuclear deterrence and missile defense, argues that fielding the Long-Range Standoff Weapon, or LRSO, will help deter adversaries and assure allies.

The LRSO will also contribute to both the credibility of U.S. deterrence and the United States extended deterrence commitments to allies and provide a hedge against both technical failure as well as an uncertain geopolitical environment, she writes.

Key points:

Washington Examiner: DC National Guard will be unarmed for Electoral College protests after George Floyd failures

Washington Examiner: Trump hits 450-mile goal for 2020 border wall construction

Washington Examiner: Iran submits second Interpol request to arrest Trump

Washington Examiner: SolarWinds hack likely an active Russian intelligence-gathering effort, US spy agencies say

Washington Examiner: China tightens censorship rules despite pandemic backlash

USNI News: Hospital Ship USNS Mercy Tied Up in Maintenance, Cant Deploy for COVID Relief

AP: Kim opens North Korean congress by admitting policy failures

Reuters: China Says It Will Respond To Planned Taiwan, U.S. Defense Talks

Air Force Magazine: STRATCOM Welcomes Nuke Review, but Says Minuteman III Life Extension Should Not be Considered

USNI News: STRATCOM: U.S. Needs Broader-Based Strategic Review To Assess Threats

Breaking Defense: Navy Secretary: US Weighing Patrols Near Russian Arctic Bases

Wall Street Journal: Russias Neighbors Rebuild Defenses

Reuters: China Urges Calm And Restraint After Iran Enrichment Announcement

Washington Post: Iran: Seizure of S. Korean Tanker Is Not Hostage-Taking

Navy Times: SECNAV Not Sure When Nimitz Strike Group Will Come Home

Bloomberg: Pentagon Gets Diversity Watchdog In Bill Passed Over Trump Veto

Washington Post: Trumps Final Efforts To Overturn Election Create Discomfort For The Military

Newport News Daily Press: Navy SEAL Team 6 Member To Plead Guilty In Death Of Green Beret

Just the News: First female Green Beret charged in Colorado with accidentally shooting into neighbor's apartment

Forbes: Opinion: Why Getting Rid Of U.S. ICBMs Could Make Nuclear War More Likely

Bloomberg: Opinion: James Stavridis: Irans Provocations Are A Warning Shot To Biden

WEDNESDAY | JANUARY 6

11 a.m. Washington Post Live "New Government" webinar on "critical issues facing America, with former Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel; and former Commerce Secretary Penny Pritzker, founder and chairman of PSP Partners. https://www.washingtonpost.com/washington-post-live

12 p.m. Hudson Institute webinar: U.S.-India Defense Ties: Partnership of the 21st Century, with former Indian Integrated Defense Staff Chief Vice Adm. Shekhar Sinha; Abhijnan Rej, security and defense editor at the Diplomat and director of research at Diplomat Risk Intelligence; and Aparna Pande, director of the Hudson Initiative on the Future of India and South Asia. https://www.hudson.org/events

1 p.m. Senate Chamber House and Senate meet in a joint session to count electoral votes of the 2020 presidential election.

4:30 p.m. Intelligence National Security Alliance virtual discussion: The Space Force's intelligence priorities, with Air Force Maj. Gen. Leah Lauderback, Space Force director of intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance. https://www.insaonline.org/event

THURSDAY | JANUARY 7

1 p.m. Center for the National Interest webinar: Facing the Realities of International Cyber Conflict, with Milt Bearden, distinguished non-resident fellow at the Center for the National Interest; George Beebe vice president and director of studies at the Center for the National Interest; Paul Kolbe, director of the Intelligence Project at Harvard Universitys Belfer Center; and former Undersecretary of Defense Dov Zakheim, vice chairman of the Center for the National Interest. https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register

1 p.m. Atlantic Council webinar: Women's Gains in Afghanistan: Supporting Economic Opportunities for Afghan Women as a Driver of Peace and Security, with Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women's Issues Kelley Currie; Brig. Gen. Kimberly Colloton, commander of the Army Corps of Engineers; Connie Duckworth, chairman and CEO of ARZU Inc.; Razia Jan, founder and CEO of Razia's Ray of Hope Foundation; and Sara Greengrass, executive director of the U.S.-Afghan Women's Council. https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/event

5 p.m. George Mason University National Security Institute NatSec Nightcap with Amb. Rosemary Banks, New Zealand Ambassador to the U.S.; and Jamil Jaffer, founder and executive director, National Security Institute. https://nationalsecurity.gmu.edu/natsec-nightcap

FRIDAY | JANUARY 8

9 a.m. Center for Strategic and International Studies virtual discussion: Countering Unmanned Aerial Systems: The Path Forward, with Army Maj. Gen. Sean Gainey, deputy director of Force Protection (J-8) Joint Staff; Nicole Thomas, division chief for strategy and policy at the Joint C-sUAS Office; and Tom Karako, director of the CSIS Missile Defense Project. https://www.csis.org/events

10 a.m. Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies virtual discussion: Did Russia just attack the U.S.? How should the Biden Administration respond? A conversation about the SolarWinds Hack, with Thomas Rid, professor of strategic studies at Johns Hopkins University and author of "Active Measures: The Secret History of Disinformation and Political Warfare"; and Eliot Cohen, SAIS dean. https://sais.jhu.edu/campus-events

This nation has never before had to face the prospect of two peer, nuclear-capable adversaries who have to be deterred differently, and actions done to deter one have an impact on the other This is way more complicated than it used to be.

U.S. Strategic Commander Adm. Chas Richard, on the nuclear challenges posed by Russia and China.

More here:
National Guard troops to take back seat as Trump addresses supporters rallying to his call to overturn the election - Washington Examiner

By Sunil Jayasiri

The Sri Lanka Air Force is to increase its air capability including combat aircraft within the year and it has already sent a number of aircraft including fighter jets Kfir and MI-17 for overhaul purposes overseas, Air Force Commander Air Marshal Sudarshana Pathirana said yesterday.

We have already initiated discussions with an Israeli Aircraft manufacturer to overhaul five Kfir fighter jets of the Sri Lanka Air Force and within this month all will be finalised on this, the Commander told the Daily Mirror.

He also said that the Cabinet of Ministers had already approved a proposal costing $49 million to overhaul and upgrade five Kfir fighter jets, which were in active service in the SL Air Force.

Air Marshal Pathirana also said that two C-130 aircraft (medium lift transport aircraft) of the SLAF will also be sent for overhaul purposes soon.

Discussions are underway with Pakistan and most probably one C-130 will be sent there for overhauling while bids have already been called for Capital Overhauls and Service Life Extension for the second C-130 aircraft. He also revealed that three Ukraine built Antonov-32 transport aircraft of the SLAF have already been sent to Ukraine for overhaul purposes while another AN-32 will also be sent there soon for the same purpose. Three more MI-17 combat helicopters, that were too on active duty during last two decades had already been sent to Lithuania for overhaul purposes. There were several MI-35 combat helicopters, which are currently grounded and they will also be sent for overhaul and service life extension, the Commander revealed.

Meanwhile, the Air Force Chief said that the SLAF is going to soon purchase two Chinese Y-12 aircraft, which are to be used for several purposes including transport, training, search and rescue missions.

He also said that four more small helicopters that are to be used for training purposes would be purchased and already bids are called for it. For that purpose, we have received the Cabinet approval already, he said.

Visit link:
Several AF fighter jets, combat helicopters to be overhauled to boost air power - Daily Mirror

By my calculations, Ive gone for treatment a total of 112 times in the past 6 years. Ive had approximately 23 scans, give or take a few due to brain scans, Ive had my heart checked at least 20 times, and blood draws somewhere around 30 times. Add to that oncologist appointments, primary care appointments, mental health appointments, a brief (but impactful) stint in physical therapy, as well as appointments Ive forgotten, and it becomes very clear to me why I struggle with the idea of celebrating a cancerversary that falls during the period of making New Years resolutions.

Like birthdays, Im counting up but there is a lot of the bittersweet when it comes to cancer milestones. I am thrilled to have lived a remarkable six years with metastatic breast cancer, but theres not a lot Ive forgotten about the first year following my diagnosis. It was a steep learning curve featuring fear, loss and gradual understanding along the way.

And yet, with six years in the rearview mirror, the road in front is still mostly the same for all of us. The number of people dying each year from metastatic breast cancer in the United States remains tragically high at over 40,000. The length of those lives at diagnosis remains mostly short. Just 27% of women with metastatic breast cancer and 22% of men are alive at five years from the date of their diagnosis. Theres been progresstoo often in the form of drugs that are so rough on our bodies that some choose to forgo them for the short life extension they promisebut theres been so much pain as well. Its hard to celebrate being here when friends have died far too soon or are facing the end of their treatment options.

Yet, the hope of the cancerversary is real this year.

I look back at my six years of metastatic breast cancer and thereve been two high school graduations with a third on the horizon, a college graduation, good times with good friends and trips to see the people I love. Ive packed a lot into six years and felt it all, good and bad. Year seven, starting at the same time as enormous changes in our country including a new President, new vaccines for COVID-19, renewed hope, seems like the right time to take note of a full six years of life when what I expected at the start was so much less.

So, while Im not fully celebrating, I am aware of all that I would have missed. I am spending this month in thanks for the people whove kept me here, from my friends to my oncologist to the researchers whove put their careers directly in my unplanned path. I am acknowledging the fear I felt that lingers and the love that encircles me even when we cant give one another hugs. Life is short and it is often far shorter with cancer.

Year 7 may be too much like Year 6, where months of doing so very little other than what was devoted to cancer sometimes made it feel endlessly empty, but somehow the future seems to be stretching out in front of me in this moment. Acknowledging a cancerversary in the midst of this particular new year seem like the proper expression of hope. Heres to my Year 7 and to 2021may it be good to us all.

Originally posted here:
Looking At Year Seven On This Cancerversary - Curetoday.com

Sustaining production from mature brownfields is becoming an uphill task in the current storm of pandemic plus economic crisis. In this years papers on mature fields and well revitalization, I have found operators focusing on making all-out efforts to improve their ongoing waterflood operations to extend the life of existing wells, which is preferred over drilling new infill wells.

Waterflooding is the oldest method used for secondary recovery in oil fields because water is readily available and relatively inexpensive. Although the concept behind waterflooding is relatively simple and easy to implement, the reality is different, with many potential challenges such as water circulation because of poor reservoir conformance, induced matrix fracturing resulting in early water breakthrough, and reservoir souring, to mention just a few. The older the waterflood, the more susceptible it becomes to problems and challenges, and the most unavoidable challenge is managing increased amounts of produced water.

A third of the papers studied this year focus on improved-/enhanced-oil-recovery techniques, and a majority of them focus on improving waterfloods through various techniques such as using classical analysis and data-driven technologies for redistributing injected water and integrating efforts with cross-disciplinary teams.

Another area of focus is extending the life of existing wells. It is both a challenge and an opportunity. It is a challenge because operators must find a delicate balance between extending the life of an old well and jeopardizing the safety and integrity conditions in the field. It is an opportunity because it provides an attractive alternative for identifying and appraising possible behind-casing opportunities before plugging and abandonment. Several studies have been conducted to identify and appraise such opportunities.

Natural Dumpflood in Malaysia Succeeds as Low-Cost Offshore Oil-Recovery Method

Fracturing With Height Control Extends the Life of Mature Reservoirs in the Pannonian Basin

Analytical Work Flows Enable Continuous Waterflooding Optimization for a Mature Field

IPTC 19763 Chasing Behind-Casing Opportunities in Low-Salinity Laminated Brown Reservoirs by Noor Faezah Ramly, Petronas, et al.

SPE 199205 Standardization of Inactive Wells-Audit Process for Well Abandonment and Production Enhancement Candidate Screening by Elin Haryanto, Schlumberger, et al.

SPE 197474 Prevention of Well-Control Incidents and Well Life Extension in Mature Fields by Andrey Yugay, ADNOC, et al.

Read the original post:
JPT Mature Fields and Well Revitalization - Journal of Petroleum Technology

WASHINGTON The first full year for the U.S. Space force marked an eventful stretch for the military in space.

From the growth of the nascent military branch to the award of massive new launch contracts, 2020 was a busy year in the space domain. Just this December, the Trump administration formalized its thinking about space in a new National Space Policy and gave Space Force members a surprise birthday gift: an official name. With new developments, launches and announcements spilling out throughout this year, even the most ardent observers could be forgiven for missing a story or two.

And so without any more bloviating heres a recap of the top six military space stories of 2020.

The Space Force takes shape

While history will note 2019 as the year the Space Force was created, 2020 was the year the new service began to take shape.

Chief of Space Operations Gen. John Jay Raymond says his team had five focus areas for year one of setting up the first new branch of the military in 70 years: developing its people, developing its doctrine, presenting an independent budget, designing the force and presenting forces to a joint command. Raymonds team has arguably made strides in all of those areas.

In 2020, the Space Force got its first member and chief of space operations, added 2,500 people to the new service, defined spacepower as distinct from military power in its capstone doctrine, set up the first of three commands, began implementing a series of acquisition reforms, and gave its personnel their official name: guardians. Questions remain, such as which capabilities and offices will transfer to the Space Force from the other services and what the new Space Systems Command will look like. Still, Raymond was optimistic about the progress made in year one.

As I look back on this first year, I look back with great pride great pride for the work that our space professionals have done in establishing this new service, said Raymond in a December media call. The progress we have made far surpasses anything I would have expected. We have completely reorganized the national security space organization the largest restructure in our history.

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Space Development Agency orders first satellites

When the Trump administration created the Space Development Agency in March 2019, the office was a bit of an enigma. While most observers called for the consolidation of space systems acquisitions, the Trump administration established a new agency outside the purview of the U.S. Air Force. Furthermore, experts questioned whether the agency would survive the year, especially with the establishment of a Space Force imminent.

But in 2020, SDA defined its place in the nations space enterprise: building a new National Defense Space Architecture that will be made up of hundreds of satellites in low Earth orbit. The core of that architecture a space-based mesh network will serve as the space component of Combined Joint All-Domain Command and Control, the Pentagons effort to connect any sensor to any shooter across services and domains.

And while the agencys biggest advocate in the Pentagon Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering Mike Griffin left the government for the private sector, the office moved forward confidently in soliciting and awarding its first contracts over the summer. In August, the agency awarded York Space Systems $94 million and Lockheed Martin $188 million to build 10 satellites each for the inaugural transport layer. Then in October, the agency issued contracts for its first eight missile tracking satellites: $149 million for SpaceX and $193 million for L3Harris. A protest from Raytheon Technologies is holding up the tracking layer satellites, though SDA says it is taking corrective action and working to keep the effort on track for a 2022 delivery.

SpaceX and ULA win massive launch contracts

In one sense, the story of 2020 could be the emergence and success of several small launch providers despite a global pandemic. Yet the biggest launch contract of the year was for traditional heavy launches. In August, the Space Force issued its National Security Space Launch contract to SpaceX and United Launch Alliance, with the former receiving $316 million and the latter receiving $337 million.

The National Security Space Launch contracts will support more than 30 heavy lift launches for the Space Force and National Reconnaissance Office over a five-year period from fiscal 2022 through 2027. Under the arrangement, 60 percent of launch services orders will go to ULA, with SpaceX taking up the remainder.

While the award is a major victory for SpaceX, which has fought tooth and nail to force its way into the lucrative military heavy lift launch market, it is undoubtedly frustrating for the two companies left out Northrop Grumman and Blue Origin which had been developing new rockets as part of the competition.

On-orbit servicing presents new opportunities

2020 marked the first successful docking of two commercial satellites on orbit as part of a commercial satellite life extension service offered by Northrop Grummans SpaceLogistics. That service involves attaching a SpaceLogistics Mission Extension Vehicle to an Intelsat communications satellite with depleted fuel reserves. By supplementing the satellites fuel reserves with its own and effectively towing the client around orbit, the MEV is expected to stretch the satellites service life by five years.

While the mission was entirely commercial, it has major implications for the military, which is looking into using SpaceLogistics services to extend the lives of its own satellites.

And commercial on-orbit satellite servicing could extend far beyond simply supplementing empty fuel reserves. Following the successful docking in February, SpaceLogistics announced a partnership with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency on the Robotic Servicing of Geosynchronous Satellites (RSGS) program, which is working to create the first commercial spacecraft with a robotic arm that can perform repairs, augmentation, assembly, inspection or relocation of other spacecraft already on orbit.

SpaceLogistics is understandably bullish about the prospect of the military purchasing life extension services, and the Department of Defense has expressed interest. Other companies are eager to compete to provide those services. Most notably, Astroscale entered the field in June, providing its own slate of on-orbit servicing solutions.

Perhaps on-orbit servicing wont be as feasible or cost effective as hoped, but 2020 was the year the concept became a reality.

Russia continues anti-satellite weapons testing

Throughout 2019 and 2020, the Pentagon used the development and testing of anti-satellite weapons by Russia and China as a justification for establishing the Space Force. And in 2020, Russia provided plenty of fodder for those who believe that nations space activities are provocative, to say the least.

In 2020, the Russian government conducted two tests of a direct-ascent anti-satellite missile, capable of taking out satellites in low Earth orbit. While Russia has tested such missiles in the past, pushback from the newly established U.S. Space Command brought the issue to the fore in 2020. The 11th combatant command was quick and direct in calling out the tests, which it characterized as aggressive.

Russias DA-ASAT test provides yet another example that the threats to U.S. and allied space systems are real, serious and growing, said Raymond, then-head of U.S. Space Command, after the first test in April. The United States is ready and committed to deterring aggression and defending the nation, our allies and U.S. interests from hostile acts in space.

The command continued its criticisms of Russia in December, when that government conducted another test.

Russia has made space a war-fighting domain by testing space-based and ground-based weapons intended to target and destroy satellites. This fact is inconsistent with Moscows public claims that Russia seeks to prevent conflict in space, Space Command head Gen. James Dickinson said. Space is critical to all nations. It is a shared interest to create the conditions for a safe, stable and operationally sustainable space environment.

But perhaps more concerning than the direct-ascent missiles was what USSPACECOM characterized as the testing of an on-orbit anti-satellite weapon. In July, USSPACECOM announced that a Russian satellite appeared to have launched a high-speed projectile into space, an action inconsistent with its stated purpose. A similar test was carried out in 2017.

U.S. officials have not shied away from characterizing this capability as a weapon especially since Russian government satellites have a habit of sidling up to U.S. commercial and government satellites.

China and Russia are continuing to develop space weaponry, said Vice President Mike Pence in December remarks to the National Space Council. Russia demonstrated a space-based anti-satellite weapon earlier this year. China is developing a new manned space station, and its robotic spacecraft will return samples from the moon in just a matter of weeks.

Army tests space-enabled sensor-to-shooter pipeline

Superficially, the Army doesnt scream space. Yet in 2020, the Army made big advances during Project Convergence that show how it plans to use new space-based capabilities to enable beyond-line-of-sight targeting.

Project Convergence is the Armys new campaign of learning, an effort to transform the battlefield with artificial intelligence, developmental networks and new sensing capabilities. In short, the Army wants to be able to connect any sensor to the best shooter. Satellites were used both as sensors to detect threats and as a network to connect sensors and shooters across the battlefield.

Tactical imagery satellites were a major part of Project Convergence. Taking images of the battlefield from their high vantage point, a satellite would downlink its data to a TITAN surrogate, where artificial intelligence was then used to process that imagery, automatically detect threats, and provide targeting data to Army shooters. In this new setup, satellites can provide the essential sensing capability to enable beyond-line-of-sight targeting.

The Army also tapped into new commercial satellite networks in low Earth orbit to connect its systems. Using proliferated constellations such as SpaceXs Starlink, the Army was able to transport data hundreds of miles in just seconds. Army officials say they will be able to experiment with even more capacity at Project Convergence 2021, as the commercial constellations become more mature.

All told, those space-based capabilities helped cut down the sensor-to-shooter timeline from 20 minutes to 20 seconds.

I can tell you with confidence, there isnt a person in the Army now who doesnt understand or isnt able to appreciate the capability that this deep sensing capability from space provides now, Willie Nelson, director of Army Futures Commands Assured Positioning, Navigation and Timing Cross-Functional Team, told C4ISRNET following the exercise. Theres not a dry eye in the room when you look at how fast we can rapidly find threats and get those to shooters.

Much, much more to come

Missing your favorite military space development of 2020? Perhaps you were more interested in the relaunch of the secretive X-37B space plane, the operational acceptance of M-Code Early Use, or even the completion of the Advanced Extremely High Frequency communications constellation. 2020 was a busy year to be sure, and 2021 looks to be equally enthralling as we learn about the Biden teams plans for the space domain, see how the Space Force organizes its acquisitions, and find out how the military will utilize emerging commercial space capabilities.

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The 6 big military space stories of 2020 - C4ISRNet

LOS ANGELES, United States: QY Research has recently published a research report titled, Global Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Report 2020. This report has been prepared by experienced and knowledgeable market analysts and researchers. It is a phenomenal compilation of important studies that explore the competitive landscape, segmentation, geographical expansion, and revenue, production, and consumption growth of the global Magnolia Bark Extract market. Players can use the accurate market facts and figures and statistical studies provided in the report to understand the current and future growth of the global Magnolia Bark Extract market.

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Competitive Landscape

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TOC

1 Magnolia Bark Extract Market Overview1.1 Magnolia Bark Extract Product Scope1.2 Magnolia Bark Extract Segment by Type1.2.1 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Sales by Type (2020-2026)1.2.2 Solid Form1.2.3 Powder Form1.3 Magnolia Bark Extract Segment by Application1.3.1 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Comparison by Application (2020-2026)1.3.2 Pharmaceutical1.3.3 Food and Beverages1.3.4 Others1.4 Magnolia Bark Extract Market Estimates and Forecasts (2015-2026)1.4.1 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Growth Rate (2015-2026)1.4.2 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2026)1.4.3 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Price Trends (2015-2026) 2 Magnolia Bark Extract Estimate and Forecast by Region2.1 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Market Size by Region: 2015 VS 2020 VS 20262.2 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Retrospective Market Scenario by Region (2015-2020)2.2.1 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Region (2015-2020)2.2.2 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Revenue Market Share by Region (2015-2020)2.3 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Market Estimates and Forecasts by Region (2021-2026)2.3.1 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Estimates and Forecasts by Region (2021-2026)2.3.2 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Revenue Forecast by Region (2021-2026)2.4 Geographic Market Analysis: Market Facts & Figures2.4.1 United States Magnolia Bark Extract Estimates and Projections (2015-2026)2.4.2 Europe Magnolia Bark Extract Estimates and Projections (2015-2026)2.4.3 China Magnolia Bark Extract Estimates and Projections (2015-2026)2.4.4 Japan Magnolia Bark Extract Estimates and Projections (2015-2026)2.4.5 Southeast Asia Magnolia Bark Extract Estimates and Projections (2015-2026)2.4.6 India Magnolia Bark Extract Estimates and Projections (2015-2026) 3 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Competition Landscape by Players3.1 Global Top Magnolia Bark Extract Players by Sales (2015-2020)3.2 Global Top Magnolia Bark Extract Players by Revenue (2015-2020)3.3 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) (based on the Revenue in Magnolia Bark Extract as of 2019)3.4 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Average Price by Company (2015-2020)3.5 Manufacturers Magnolia Bark Extract Manufacturing Sites, Area Served, Product Type3.6 Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans3.7 Primary Interviews with Key Magnolia Bark Extract Players (Opinion Leaders) 4 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Market Size by Type4.1 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Historic Market Review by Type (2015-2020)4.1.1 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Type (2015-2020)4.1.2 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Revenue Market Share by Type (2015-2020)4.1.3 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Price by Type (2015-2020)4.2 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Market Estimates and Forecasts by Type (2021-2026)4.2.1 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Forecast by Type (2021-2026)4.2.2 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Revenue Forecast by Type (2021-2026)4.2.3 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Price Forecast by Type (2021-2026) 5 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Market Size by Application5.1 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Historic Market Review by Application (2015-2020)5.1.1 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Application (2015-2020)5.1.2 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Revenue Market Share by Application (2015-2020)5.1.3 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Price by Application (2015-2020)5.2 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Market Estimates and Forecasts by Application (2021-2026)5.2.1 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Forecast by Application (2021-2026)5.2.2 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Revenue Forecast by Application (2021-2026)5.2.3 Global Magnolia Bark Extract Price Forecast by Application (2021-2026) 6 United States Magnolia Bark Extract Market Facts & Figures6.1 United States Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Company (2015-2020)6.2 United States Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Type (2015-2020)6.3 United States Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Application (2015-2020) 7 Europe Magnolia Bark Extract Market Facts & Figures7.1 Europe Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Company (2015-2020)7.2 Europe Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Type (2015-2020)7.3 Europe Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Application (2015-2020) 8 China Magnolia Bark Extract Market Facts & Figures8.1 China Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Company (2015-2020)8.2 China Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Type (2015-2020)8.3 China Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Application (2015-2020) 9 Japan Magnolia Bark Extract Market Facts & Figures9.1 Japan Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Company (3015-3030)9.2 Japan Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Type (2015-2020)9.3 Japan Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Application (2015-2020) 10 Southeast Asia Magnolia Bark Extract Market Facts & Figures10.1 Southeast Asia Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Company (2015-2020)10.2 Southeast Asia Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Type (2015-2020)10.3 Southeast Asia Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Application (2015-2020) 11 India Magnolia Bark Extract Market Facts & Figures11.1 India Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Company (2015-2020)11.2 India Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Type (2015-2020)11.3 India Magnolia Bark Extract Sales Market Share by Application (2015-2020) 12 Company Profiles and Key Figures in Magnolia Bark Extract Business12.1 Swanson12.1.1 Swanson Corporation Information12.1.2 Swanson Business Overview12.1.3 Swanson Magnolia Bark Extract Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)12.1.4 Swanson Magnolia Bark Extract Products Offered12.1.5 Swanson Recent Development12.2 Samsara herbs12.2.1 Samsara herbs Corporation Information12.2.2 Samsara herbs Business Overview12.2.3 Samsara herbs Magnolia Bark Extract Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)12.2.4 Samsara herbs Magnolia Bark Extract Products Offered12.2.5 Samsara herbs Recent Development12.3 Genesis Today12.3.1 Genesis Today Corporation Information12.3.2 Genesis Today Business Overview12.3.3 Genesis Today Magnolia Bark Extract Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)12.3.4 Genesis Today Magnolia Bark Extract Products Offered12.3.5 Genesis Today Recent Development12.4 Planetary Herbals12.4.1 Planetary Herbals Corporation Information12.4.2 Planetary Herbals Business Overview12.4.3 Planetary Herbals Magnolia Bark Extract Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)12.4.4 Planetary Herbals Magnolia Bark Extract Products Offered12.4.5 Planetary Herbals Recent Development12.5 Solaray12.5.1 Solaray Corporation Information12.5.2 Solaray Business Overview12.5.3 Solaray Magnolia Bark Extract Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)12.5.4 Solaray Magnolia Bark Extract Products Offered12.5.5 Solaray Recent Development12.6 Active Herb12.6.1 Active Herb Corporation Information12.6.2 Active Herb Business Overview12.6.3 Active Herb Magnolia Bark Extract Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)12.6.4 Active Herb Magnolia Bark Extract Products Offered12.6.5 Active Herb Recent Development12.7 LiftMode12.7.1 LiftMode Corporation Information12.7.2 LiftMode Business Overview12.7.3 LiftMode Magnolia Bark Extract Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)12.7.4 LiftMode Magnolia Bark Extract Products Offered12.7.5 LiftMode Recent Development12.8 Life Extension12.8.1 Life Extension Corporation Information12.8.2 Life Extension Business Overview12.8.3 Life Extension Magnolia Bark Extract Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)12.8.4 Life Extension Magnolia Bark Extract Products Offered12.8.5 Life Extension Recent Development12.9 thepurehealth12.9.1 thepurehealth Corporation Information12.9.2 thepurehealth Business Overview12.9.3 thepurehealth Magnolia Bark Extract Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)12.9.4 thepurehealth Magnolia Bark Extract Products Offered12.9.5 thepurehealth Recent Development12.10 Hawaii Pharm LLC12.10.1 Hawaii Pharm LLC Corporation Information12.10.2 Hawaii Pharm LLC Business Overview12.10.3 Hawaii Pharm LLC Magnolia Bark Extract Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)12.10.4 Hawaii Pharm LLC Magnolia Bark Extract Products Offered12.10.5 Hawaii Pharm LLC Recent Development12.11 Piping Rock Health Products12.11.1 Piping Rock Health Products Corporation Information12.11.2 Piping Rock Health Products Business Overview12.11.3 Piping Rock Health Products Magnolia Bark Extract Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)12.11.4 Piping Rock Health Products Magnolia Bark Extract Products Offered12.11.5 Piping Rock Health Products Recent Development12.12 Now Foods Source Naturals12.12.1 Now Foods Source Naturals Corporation Information12.12.2 Now Foods Source Naturals Business Overview12.12.3 Now Foods Source Naturals Magnolia Bark Extract Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)12.12.4 Now Foods Source Naturals Magnolia Bark Extract Products Offered12.12.5 Now Foods Source Naturals Recent Development 13 Magnolia Bark Extract Manufacturing Cost Analysis13.1 Magnolia Bark Extract Key Raw Materials Analysis13.1.1 Key Raw Materials13.1.2 Key Raw Materials Price Trend13.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials13.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure13.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Magnolia Bark Extract13.4 Magnolia Bark Extract Industrial Chain Analysis 14 Marketing Channel, Distributors and Customers14.1 Marketing Channel14.2 Magnolia Bark Extract Distributors List14.3 Magnolia Bark Extract Customers 15 Market Dynamics15.1 Magnolia Bark Extract Market Trends15.2 Magnolia Bark Extract Opportunities and Drivers15.3 Magnolia Bark Extract Market Challenges15.4 Magnolia Bark Extract Market Restraints15.5 Porters Five Forces Analysis 16 Research Findings and Conclusion 17 Appendix17.1 Research Methodology17.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach17.1.2 Data Source17.2 Author List17.3 Disclaimer

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Comprehensive Report on Magnolia Bark Extract Market 2021 | Trends, Growth Demand, Opportunities & Forecast To 2027 - LionLowdown

The R/V Roger Revelle out at sea for a 10-day commissioning and calibration cruise following its midlife refit. Photo: Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Research vessel (R/V)Roger Revelleis back at work after a midlife refit involving upgrades from top to bottom, bow to stern. The primary goal of extending the service life by 15 to 20 years was accomplished with improvements to systems crucial to the vessels operations, scientific capabilities, habitability, and environmental footprint.

The ship is owned by the Office of Naval Research and has been operated by Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California San Diego since 1996. It is one of the largest ships in the U.S. Academic Research Fleet, and vitally important to U.S. oceanographic research due to its range, payload, duration, and ability to safely conduct scientific operations in remote areas around the globe.

Roger Revelleisn't just revitalized, it is better than new, said Bruce Appelgate, associate director and head of ship operations at Scripps Oceanography. The midlife refit was an opportunity to apply everything we've learned about the ship since 1996, in order to make a great research vessel even more effective.

The $60 million refit, which includes the base refit cost and investment in scientific systems and instrumentation, was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), National Science Foundation (NSF), and UC San Diego.

The partnership between the National Science Foundation and the Office of Naval Research in supporting the Global class vessels is one of the most important Federal alliances the Division of Ocean Science has made in safeguarding our critical sea-going science missions, said Rose Dufour, NSF Program Director.

Upgrades to R/VRoger Revelleinclude the addition of diesel engines that reduce emissions by up to two-thirds, ballast water systems designed to protect against the spread of invasive species, and the use of heat captured from the ships engine to desalinate seawater. These upgrades are the latest reflection of an ongoing effort throughout the U.S. Academic Research Fleet to reduce the environmental impact of ships.

An innovative extendable bow thruster has been installed that can be lowered beneath the ship to deliver thrust in any direction. This provides more power and quieter operations compared to the original bow thruster. Coupled with the ships dynamic positioning system, the new thruster enables it to maintain precise positioning and improves maneuverability when coming into port.

The ships overboard handling systems also got an overhaul, with new cranes and a completely refurbished A-frame and hydrographic boom used to deploy and recover scientific instruments while at sea.

Upgraded network capabilities support the significant amount of data collected from these instruments. A new virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) includes display consoles for all systems throughout the ship, reducing the workload for scientists and crew members alike who use these during their operations. New cyberinfrastructure and centralized computer management helps the ships technicians maintain security and reliability of onboard computing and networking.

Another major upgrade was the addition of the acoustics gondola secured below the keel. This new position results in significantly improved sonar performance, enabling operations to continue even in high sea states. Acoustic systems are used to profile the subsurface, identify animals in the water column, track subsurface vehicles, and measure ocean currents. They are also used to map the seafloor, a capability much desired by the renewed effort to map the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone through the Federal National Ocean Mapping, Exploration, and Characterization (NOMEC) Strategy, which NSF and ONR help lead.R/VRoger Revellewill now have the most sophisticated mapping capabilities in the U.S. Academic Research Fleet.

Inside the ships laboratories, reconfigurable tables feature an innovative nesting design that allows for practical and efficient use of space for scientists with a variety of needs. Improving the living and recreation spaces for everyone on board was important during the overhaul as well, particularly for crew members who make the ship their home for months at a time. Upgrades to living spaces include new carpets, bed curtains, and flooring.

The overhaul of the vessel was conducted in Portland, Ore., by Vigor Shipyard. R/VRoger Revellereturned to its home port of San Diego in July, where Scripps Oceanography technicians worked under UC San Diegos enhanced safety protocols to complete the work.

R/VRoger Revellewas put into service in 1996. It honors former Scripps Oceanography Director Roger Revelle who is widely regarded for not only establishing the institution as an internationally prominent science center, but for solidifying the decades-long relationship between Scripps Oceanography and the U.S. Navy.

Roger Revelle was a visionary who back in 1946 envisioned the Office of Naval Research as a world leader in sponsoring oceanographic basic research, and later foresaw the need for a new University of California in La Jolla that eventually grew around Scripps, said Tom Drake, director of the Ocean Battlespace and Expeditionary Access department at the Office of Naval Research. He also suggested the likely trajectory of the Earths climate, which we are now observing.

Revelle served as an oceanographer for the U.S. Navy during World War II and was instrumental in the founding of the Office of Naval Research. Roger Revelle worked at Scripps Oceanography before and after the war and served as its director from 1950 to 1964. He was among the first to consider the implications of the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and absorption rates of the greenhouse gas by the ocean.

A continuous profiling system under the ship will also measure carbon dioxide in seawater, an essential component of ocean acidification research.

"The revitalization of R/VRoger Revellewill enable even more scientific discoveries at sea to further our understanding of our planet, said Margaret Leinen, vice chancellor for marine sciences at UC San Diego and director of Scripps Oceanography. We appreciate the continued leadership from Congress to build and renovate the U.S. research fleet."

The first research expedition on the all-new R/VRoger Revellegot underway in early November, in an essential research mission led by UC Santa Barbara to retrieve ocean bottom seismometers measuring seismic activity and to collect rocks from seamounts and underwater volcanoes. The ship has already crossed the equator and is putting the upgraded acoustic systems to use while recovering these instruments.

Thesecond research cruise begins on Christmas day, during which R/VRoger Revelletravels to the Southern Ocean. The ships handling systems will be put through their paces as scientists collect samples, photographs, and sensor data to learn about plankton concentrations in eddies that form in the Southern Pacific. This 60-day expedition led by Barney Balch of theBigelow Laboratory for Ocean Scienceswill also deploy biogeochemical floats for theSouthern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling project, a multi-institution program focused on unlocking the mysteries of the Southern Ocean and determining its influence on climate.

While the enduring connection between the Navy and Scripps is manifest in the vessels namesake, this service life extension will serve multiple agencies, academic institutions and inspire the next generation of ocean-going scientists, said Rob Sparrock, program officer with the Office of Naval Research who oversees the research vessel program.

Appelgate said the refit illustrates the continued value of seagoing research vessels even as remote and autonomous observing platforms proliferate to compliment ship-based research.

Shipboard research offers the transformative potential to understand global change and monitor the health of ocean ecosystems, while training the next generation of sea-going scientists and technicians, Appelgate said.

The home port of R/VRoger Revelleis theNimitz Marine Facilityin San Diego, where the vessel is maintained as part of the Scripps oceanographic research fleet alongside the Navy-owned and Scripps-operated R/VSally Ride,the University of California-owned R/VRobert Gordon Sproul,R/VBob and Betty Beyster,and Research Platform FLIP (FLoating Instrument Platform).

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Midlife refit of Scripps' Research Vessel Roger Revelle completed - Research vessel (R/V) Roger Revelle is back at work after a midlife refit...

By Venkatachari JagannathanChennai, Dec 31 : The year 2020 was a challenging year for the Indian atomic sector due to the Covid-19 pandemic. However, it still performed remarkably well attaining a major milestone and also taking steps towards setting up of a medical research reactor in public-private-partnership (PPP) mode, a top sector official said.

A significant milestone achieved during the year was the achievement of first criticality of KAPP-3 (Kakrapar Atomic Power Project-3), the first of a kind indigenous 700 MW Pressurised Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR), which is the first in a series of 16 such reactors being set up in the country, Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) Chairman K.N. Vyas told IANS.

The KAPP-3 attained first criticality (controlled self-sustaining nuclear fission chain reaction) in July despite the handicap of the Covid-19 lockdown.

All efforts are being made to start commercial operation of the first 700 MW unit at Kakrapar, KAPP-3 by March 2021. Work on the KAPP-4 and RAPP 7&8 (Rajasthan Atomic Power Project) is being expedited. In KAPP-4 and RAPP-7, main plant civil construction and erection of major equipment has been completed and balance activities are in progress. In RAPP-8, various construction and erection activities are in progress, Vyas said.

According to him, the nuclear power stations operated at the highest standards of safety and generated 40,718 Million Units of electricity in 11 months of this year (January to November 2020).

Continuing with the trend of setting records in long continuous operation by Indian nuclear power reactors, NAPS-2 (Narora Atomic Power Station-2) continued to operate during the year, registering 851 days of continuous operation as on December 23, 2020, Vyas added.

The year also saw Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announcing setting up of a research reactor for production of medical isotopes in PPP mode to offer affordable treatment for cancer and other diseases.

Soon after that the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) set the process rolling and in November, appointed the Strategic Consultant and Transaction Advisor for setting up research reactor under PPP.

The consultant is engaged from initial feasibility study to executing the concession agreement, Vyas said.

According to him, the proposed reactor is designed to maximise irradiation capacity, and thus a large quantity of variety of radioisotopes shall be produced in the reactor.

Majority of the isotopes are for medical use. In addition, some of the isotopes would also have industrial use. As per internal assessment, it is expected that with this research reactor, it will be possible to meet the complete requirement of medical isotopes in the country, Vyas said.

In addition, there will be considerable scope to export of radioisotopes. It is planned to have processing facility complex along with the reactor. It would be worlds largest (production volume wise) radio-isotopes production and processing facility, he added.

Following the appointment of the consultant, the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) held discussions with the consultant to finalise the business case and PPP model.

To know the expectation of the industry and probable investors, A.T. Kearney has initiated dialogues with leading players/investors of the different field, Vyas said.

As regards the reactor design, the design detailing is under progress.

With several more atomic power plants planned needing fuel, attempts are being made by Uranium Corporation of India Ltd (UCIL) to increase production.

Looking forward to 2021, Vyas said, the plan is to commence commercial operation of KAPP-3 (700 MW) while work on KAPP-4 (700 MW), RAPP-7&8 (2700 MW), Kudankulam Nuclear Power Project-3&4 (21,000 MW) and Gorakhpur Haryana Anu Vidyut Pariyojana (GHAVP-2700 MW) projects are planned to be speeded up in the year after the slowdown in 2020 due to the pandemic.

In addition, start of construction of KNPP 5&6 (2X1000 MW) at Tamil Nadus Kudankulam is also planned in the year.

The year also saw transfer of 25 different technologies through 38 Transfer of Technology (ToT) agreements. The nuclear technologies transferred were developed under various fields like agriculture, bioscience, environment, medical equipment, advanced instrumentation, engineering, water, radiation and chemical.

Vyas said BARC is engaged in research and development activities related nuclear agriculture and food preservation technologies like radiation induced mutants with superior traits, development of super absorbent hydrogel for dry regions and shelf-life extension of fruits.

One Trombay crop variety TKR Kolam (Trombay Karjat Kolam) has been released and gazette notified for commercial cultivation by Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare. Two rice varieties, Vikram-TCR and CG Trombay Jawaphool were released by State Variety Release Committee (SVRC), Chhattisgarh. Breeder seed production of Trombay crop varieties was carried for groundnut (332 quintals), rice (15 quintals) and pulses (20 quintals), Vyas said.

Pointing out that drought is the most severe stress that hinders the growth of crop plants, causing substantial yield loss to farmers, Vyas said: BARC has developed a super-absorbent polymeric hydrogel using radiation technology. The hydrogel can soak up about 400 times its own weight and act as a water reservoir in the soil, releasing the stored water upon plant/root demand.

In arid areas, the use of BARC hydrogel can increase the water holding capacity of soil, which significantly improves the plant health and productivity. The hydrogel has shown potential during testing in BARC and the same is being tested with the help of State Agriculture Universities, he added.

While BARC will continue to develop and test new mutants/breeding lines of oilseed, pulses and cereals, it will also take up development of technologies for shelf life extension of fish, spreads, vegan milk made of chick pea and preservation of agriculture produce (wheat, pointed gourd etc.), Vyas remarked.

Other notable developments are the biokit for detection of group of organophosphate (OP) and organocarbamate (OC) pesticides for qualitative detection of presence of pesticides in food commodities such as vegetables and fruits and 1,000 Litre Per Hour (LPH) reverse osmosis technology based water treatment plants were commissioned at villages of Maharashtra and West Bengal in alignment with the Jal Shakti Abhiyan and Jal Jeevan Mission of the Centre, Vyas said.

(Venkatachari Jagannathan can be contacted at v.jagannathan@ians.in)

Disclaimer: This story is auto-generated from IANS service.

Excerpt from:
2020: A year of challenge and achievement for Indian nuclear sector - The Siasat Daily

12/22/2020

Statfjord st

Equinor and its license partners have decided to invest NOK 3 billion in the North Sea Statfjord st field to improve recovery by 23 million barrels of oil equivalent.

Written notification of material changes to the Plan for Development and Operation Statfjord st was submitted to the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy 16.12.2020.

The decision to improve recovery on Statfjord st will add considerable value to society and owners and will create positive effects for suppliers. Our ambition is to maintain safe and profitable production and secure valuable activity from the Norwegian continental shelf (NCS) for several decades, says Kjetil Hove, Equinors senior vice president for Field Life eXtension (FLX).

Statfjord st is tied back to the Statfjord C platform by pipelines. A total of four new wells will be drilled from existing subsea templates. The project also includes modifications on Statfjord C and a new pipeline for gas lift.

We will be a leading late life operator on the NCS. In order to achieve this, we must work in new ways to reduce costs, thereby offering new opportunities for investments in late life fields ensuring profitable reservoir management. The Statfjord st decision is a good example of this, says Hove.

This decision enables an improvement of the recovery factor on Statfjord st and gives an important contribution to extending the life of the Statfjord C platform and the Statfjord st field towards 2040.

The original oil volume in place on Statfjord st was 415 million barrels of oil. The current recovery factor is 56 percent. As a result of this project, the expected recovery factor is increased to 62 percent.

Plans call for installation of a pipeline for gas lift, modifications on Statfjord C and drilling of new wells in 2022 - 2024. Production start is scheduled for 2024.

The Statfjord st development comprises subsea installations that include three templates. The field is located five kilometres north-east of Statfjord C. The field came on stream in 1994.

The licence partners in Statfjord st Unit: Equinor Energy AS (31.6875%), Petoro AS (30.0000%), Vr Energi AS (20.5500%), Spirit Energy Norway AS (11.5625%), Idemitsu Petroleum Norge AS (4.8000%), Wintershall Dea Norge AS (1.4000%).

After several extensions of the Statfjord field life, the current goal is to maintain safe and profitable operation until 2040. Statfjord is part of FLX, which was established to meet the strategic opportunities and challenges of late life fields in relation to Equinors competitiveness.

FLX aims to ensure that Equinor is the leading company in safe and efficient operations with low carbon emissions from late life fields on the NCS.

More:
Equinor stakes NOK 3 billion to improve Statfjord Ost oil recovery - WorldOil

Two new clinical trials in the UK are examining whether administering an antibody combination after someone has already been exposed to the novel coronavirus could protect them from developing COVID-19, the disease caused by the virus.

The University College London Hospitals (UCLH) NHS Trust announced on Friday that it is running the trials at a new vaccine research center.

Both trials are examining AZD7442, a long-acting antibody (LAAB) combination developed by AstraZeneca.

The first study, called STORM CHASER, is examining whether the antibody can provide immediate and long-term protection to people recently exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

We know that this antibody combination can neutralize the virus, so we hope to find that giving this treatment via injection can lead to immediate protection against the development of COVID-19 in people who have been exposed when it would be too late to offer a vaccine, said study leader UCLH virologist Dr. Catherine Houlihan in a press release from the hospital.

STORM CHASER had recruited 10 people as of Friday. Key participants will include healthcare workers, students in group housing, patients exposed to anyone with the virus, residents of long-term care facilities and those in industrial or military settings.

THE SECOND study, called PROVENT, is examining whether people who may not respond to the vaccine, including immuno-compromised people, or at-risk groups, such as the elderly or those with preexisting conditions, may be helped by AZD7442, even prior to exposure.

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We will be recruiting people who are older or in long-term care, and who have conditions such as cancer and HIV, which may affect the ability of their immune system to respond to a vaccine," said UCLH infectious diseases consultant Dr. Nicky Longley, the head of the study. "We want to reassure anyone for whom a vaccine may not work that we can offer an alternative, which is just as protective.

Both UCLH studies will examine whether AZD7442 reduces the risk of developing COVID-19 and/or reduces the severity of the infection compared to a placebo.

Trial participants will be able to safely leave the study in order to get licensed vaccines if it is deemed medically beneficial, according to UCLH.

Antibodies are produced by the body to help fight infections. Monoclonal antibodies are artificially produced in laboratories for possible medical treatments in patients already infected with the virus and could provide protection before exposure as well.

While vaccines train the body over a matter of weeks to produce its own antibodies, antibody injections skip that step, aiming to provide immediate protection against viruses.

AZD7442 is a combination of two LAABs derived from recovering patients that were discovered by Vanderbilt University Medical Center and then licensed to AstraZeneca, according to the company, which then optimized the LAABs with half-life extension in order to increase the durability of the therapy for six to 12 months. The combination is also designed to reduce the risk of resistance developed by the virus.

In pre-clinical experiments published in Nature, the LAABs in AZD7442 were shown to block the novel coronavirus from binding with host cells, protecting against infection.

UCLH'S NEW Vaccine Research Center, which opened in December, is operating under the patronage of the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) UCLH Biomedical Research Center and the UCLH Research Directorate, and represents an extension of the NIHR UCLH Clinical Research Facility led by Prof. Vincenzo Libri.

Libri is also a principal investigator on the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine trial and provides oversight of all COVID-19 vaccine/preventative treatment trials.

Mene Pangalos, AstraZeneca's executive vice president of BioPharmaceuticals Research & Development, stated in the UCLH release that AZD7442 has the potential to be an important preventative and therapeutic medicine against COVID-19, focusing on the most vulnerable patients."

"The STORM CHASER trial in particular is a unique approach, with enrollment initiated on site following the identification of a confirmed case to halt the spread of COVID-19 in the facility or community," Pangalos said. "We offer our appreciation and gratitude to everyone involved in these trials from the scientists, researchers and clinicians, to the trial participants and study sites as we all work together to help end this pandemic.

Antibody treatments have been evaluated since nearly the beginning of the pandemic.

In May, the Israel Institute for Biological Research (IIBR) completed a groundbreaking scientific development, identifying an antibody that neutralizes the coronavirus.

Maayan Jaffe-Hoffman, Anna Ahronheim and Idan Zonshine contributed to this report.

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Antibody study aims to protect those exposed to coronavirus from illness - The Jerusalem Post

Unarmed Minuteman III ICBM Test Launch 2020

Since the 1960s, the nuclear triad has served as the bedrock of American national security. The triad represents nuclear deterrence in-depth for the nation: intercontinental ballistic missiles, nuclear-equipped bomber aircraft and sea-launched ballistic missiles. Yet, over the last 30 years, U.S. nuclear modernization programs were truncated, deferred, or outright canceled in favor of other priorities. Now, having put off modernization for decades, nearly every part of our nuclear triad is serving well beyond its original service life.

That might be bad enough, but the circumstances today are dire. Russia is pursuing multiple nuclear weapon modernization programs. China is developing its own nuclear triad. And North Korea and Iran continue to pursue their own destabilizing nuclear programs. The U.S. must stop any further delays in modernizing our geriatric nuclear forces in order to maintain a credible nuclear deterrent strategy in the face of these threats.

The good news is that senior U.S. military leaders and civilian defense officials have grown more forceful in recent years in designating nuclear force modernization a top priority. As Lieutenant General Frank Klotz, USAF (Ret.), former Under Secretary of Energy for Nuclear Security and former Commander of Air Force Global Strike Command, recently remarked: It's time to bite the bullet and to finally stop admiring the problem and start solving the problem.

The bad news is the same cast of critics that argued against modernization in the past are now using the upcoming change in administration to rehash the need to modernize Americas nuclear enterprise. The focus of much of their criticism is the Ground Based Strategic Deterrent (GBSD) program, which will recapitalize the Minuteman III missile force that was first fielded 50 years ago. As in the past, their arguments gravitate around five key misconceptions about ICBMs that merit correction.

Misconception No. 1: A land-based ICBM force is superfluous since a dyad of nuclear-capable bombers and ballistic missile-launching submarines are sufficient for deterrence.

Arguments based on this misconception overlook the fact that a land-based ICBM force has unique attributes that significantly strengthen nuclear deterrence. As Admiral Charles Richard, Commander of U.S. Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM) put it, If you take away the ICBM leg, in fact, if you take away any leg, you just took away a stack of attributes that we have found useful in the past and see being useful in the future which means you just narrowed the range of situations that we were able to effectively deter.

An important characteristic that the other two legs of the triad do not provide is that the ICBM force is widely dispersed across a huge swath of the country and as a result establishes a very highand likely prohibitivethreshold for an adversary to launch a nuclear attack against the U.S. homeland. A preemptive, counterforce strike against the U.S. ICBM force requires an enemy to attack 495 hardened and dispersed ICBM facilities450 silos and 45 launch control centers spread across five states. To strike those with a moderate to a high degree of confidence, an adversary would have to launch 900 to 1,000 nuclear warheads.

This would be a massive and unambiguous nuclear ballistic missile attack guaranteeing an overwhelming U.S. response from the other two legs of the triadAir Force bombers and Navy submarines. This reality significantly complicatesand detersa potential aggressors attack.

As Admiral Richard points out: We have a triadin part because of the flexibility it provides, the ability to hedge inside of itwhat it also enables you to do is address the threat or the risks you didn't see coming. We always built margin into our strategic forces to make sure that we could account for the unknown risks that may be out there alongside the risk that we could reasonably see.

Misconception No. 2: ICBMs are inherently destabilizing because they increase the risk of our possibly stumbling into a nuclear war.

Do ICBMs significantly increase the risk of a mistaken or accidental launch in comparison to the other two legs of the triad? No. As noted above, unlike an enemy's targeting of the other legs of our triad, neutralizing our ICBM force would require a massive and unambiguous nuclear strike on the U.S. homeland. Furthermore, the United States maintains an overlapping network of multi-domain, multi-phenomenology sensors that jointly validate indications of a hostile missile launch to ensure that timely missile attack warning and assessment information is not susceptible to a single point of failure. Additional political-military levels of scrutiny and confirmation are also in place to prevent misidentification.

A U.S. ICBM launch can only occur after an essential series of extremely deliberate, disciplined and cooperative actions are undertaken in proper sequence by many personnel ranging from the National Command Authority to individual ICBM launch crews. As retired Gen. Kevin Chilton, former Commander of USSTRATCOM, explains, People who describe our ICBMs as being on hair-trigger alert either do not know what they are talking about or are intentionally attempting to frighten the uninformed.

Misconception No. 3: Extending the Minuteman III's service life would be more cost-effective.

The most common argument voiced by critics against the GBSD program is that it would cost less to extend the current ICBM force through a service life extension program (SLEP) that would give the Minuteman IIIs propellant stages new fuel cores, modernize its guidance systems, and upgrade is ground support facilities.

Yet the U.S. Air Forces analysis of alternatives conducted in 2014 determined that the total lifecycle cost of the Minuteman III force, including the SLEP, would exceed the cost to procure and sustain the GBSD over its projected 60-year service life. Critics took issue with the Air Forces methodology because it included the cost of building new replacement missiles as part of its cost estimate. However, doing so was sensible because of the four to five live-fire tests conducted annually to ensure the missiles remain viable and safe. Considering this test rate, the refurbished Minuteman III missile inventory would fall below the Department of Defense (DOD) required force of 400 operationally deployed ICBMs by the year 2040. By contrast, the GBSD missile inventory would remain above 400 through 2075. Hence, new Minuteman III missiles had to be included in any honest cost assessment.

Most importantly, the U.S. needs a viable threat to be effective. As General Chilton has pointed out, for deterrence to be effective both capability and the will to use it must be made believable in the mind of the adversary. The 1970s-era Minuteman IIIs were not designed for todays operating environments that now include electronic warfare, cybernetic countermeasures, and advanced missile interceptor threats. A retaliatory weaponwhether nuclear or conventional, ballistic or otherwisemust be able to reach its designated target to be a credible, effective deterrent. If it cannot, it is useless.

Further Minuteman III life extension is not cost-effective nor will it provide a weapon system capable of adapting to advancing technology and changing adversary threats, said then-Commander of USSTRATCOM, Gen. John Hyten in testimony before the House Armed Services Strategic Forces Subcommittee in 2019. Only GBSD is the right choice because it would answer current and expected threats and cost about the same as extending the life of the Minuteman III.

Misconception No. 4: There is no rush for a Minuteman III replacement.

It is foolhardy to believe there is no urgency to this requirement. The GBSD is literally a just-in-time replacement for the Minuteman III; there is no margin remaining for further delay.

Elements of the guidance system, solid rocket motor, and propulsion system rocket engine in the current Minuteman III inventory cannot be refurbished nor easily replaced. As a result, the U.S. may not be able to support the required ICBM force of 400 operationally deployed missiles very far beyond 2030. Delaying the GBSD by just a couple of years would force the Air Force to develop, manufacture, test, and certify replacements for some critical Minuteman III components resulting in new costs estimated between $6 billion to $8 billion.

Alternatively, the Air Force could simply accept an ICBM inventory shortfall or keep existing Minuteman III missiles beyond their expiration date or by bridging the gap by means of a heavier reliance on the airborne and submarine legs of the triad. All of these options increase risks to the security of the nation. The former option increases the probability of failure during launch and the latter would require placing a number of bombers on nuclear alert status, incurring significant financial and opportunity costs, since missiles are less costly to maintain and assigning more bombers to the nuclear alert mission means they are no longer available for other critical missions.

Adding risk, raising costs, and reducing reliability do not improve national security.

Misconception No. 5: The GBSD award was non-competitive.

Some critics have faulted the GBSD acquisition process, arguing that because Northrop Grumman NOC was the only company to ultimately bid for the contract, the government went into negotiations in a weak position.

This is incorrect. The GBSD acquisition process was competitive. Although the Air Force received only one final proposal, Boeing BA had every opportunity to compete. Controversy over this issue is rooted in the fact that both Boeing and Northrop selected Orbital ATK to produce the solid rocket motors for their GBSD designs. When Northrop acquired Orbital ATK in 2018, Boeing notified the Air Force it would not respond to its request for proposal. The Air Force was willing to modify its GBSD competition process, but when no mutually satisfactory agreement could be reached, it chose not to delay the program further.

Northrop, meanwhile, could not be sure Boeing would not come through with a competitive bid at the last moment and had to make a competitive offer. And because only one company bid, standard government audit procedures took effect to ensure pricing was fair. Single-bid contract awards are not that unusual: About 15 percent of all DOD competitive acquisitions have just a single bidder.

The deterrent power of Americas nuclear triad is the foundation of our national defense. Preserving it is essential to securing our future.

Should we, as a nation, fail to modernize the ICBM force in a timely manner with GBSD, we would be choosing to diminish our national security and nuclear deterrence posture at the very moment when the international security environment is growing more dangerous, when Russia and China are growing more aggressive and assertive and when rogue powers are investing heavily to acquire nuclear arms.

When the Minuteman III entered service, I was in seventh grade. I am now 61, Gen. John Hyten, now Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, noted recently. It must be replaced...and we must continue to invest substantially to ensure that all three legs of the nuclear triad stand strong.

Awarding the GBSD contract was a crucial milestone toward modernizing the missile force, Hyten added. Given the critical role the GBSD will play in deterring China and Russia, we can't rest until we deliver this capability to the field.

Link:
Five Persistent Misconceptions About Modernizing The US ICBM Force - Forbes

Commercial constellations set new standards for the industry in numbers but GEO comsat and government still drive the biggest demand in manufacturing and launch revenues

In its latest analysis of satellite manufacturing and launch services, Satellites to be Built and Launched by 2029, analyst Euroconsult anticipates almost a quintupling in satellite demand in the next decade with an average of 1,250 satellites to be launched on a yearly basis. In comparison to the 260 yearly satellites launched in the previous decade, this skyrocketing number cements the structural changes occurring in the market and the industry, not only in the number of satellites but also in terms of satellite missions and operators, both governmental and commercial.

The satellite industry will indeed experience a quick and radical transformation when it comes to satellite numbers. However, despite this spike in satellite demand, we are looking at half of the market concentrated around a handful of mega-constellations. In addition, some being vertically integrated means that their procurement will not be done on an open competition basis. Nevertheless, GEO comsat remains the leading segment pulling 1/3 of the market revenues, but here too we anticipate -20% drop in operational assets by 2029. argued Maxime Puteaux, Editor-in-Chief of this research product and Principal advisor at Euroconsult.

Several key market trends are catalysing the satellite industrys structural changes.

Firstly, for the first time in a single year more than 1000 satellites were launched, of which 70% from Starlink alone. This symbolic threshold will become a new standard for the next ten years with significant annual variations mainly driven by the replacement of the commercial constellations.

Secondly, the orders of GEO comsat have been exceptionally high in 2020 at 18 units, of which 13 are for the accelerated C-band clearance plan of the FCC in the US. In addition, proof of a structural slowdown of that market in satellite numbers, GEO comsat replacement is also challenged by fleet rationalisation approaches, in-orbit life extension and transitioning of some of the traffic to upcoming NGSO constellations. Manufacturers GEO comsat product portfolios are diversifying, ranging from a few hundred kilograms to 6 Tons VHTS. Digital payloads become the rule for a data-centric market (rather than a broadcasting market).

Thirdly, beyond the commercial space momentum, governments will remain the first customers with 80% satellite manufacturing and launch revenues for the period. Investments by defence operators is driven by security applications and a growing endorsement of smallsats, COTS and constellations while civil agencies focus on large Earth observation systems.

Lastly, access to the space industry is diversifying with a few smallsat-dedicated launchers now operational and more expected to perform maiden flights in 2021. A new generation of GTO-capable launchers is expected to enter the market within the next two years with a design-to-cost approach. Meanwhile, SpaceX masters reusability and executes Starlinks launches at marginal cost, with Falcon 9 recovery and reuse becoming a standard endorsed by customer.

Original post:
Commercial constellations don't live up to the hype: Euroconsult - SatelliteProME.com

The globalAntioxidant Supplement Marketresearch report enlists the vital and practical information with regards to market situation. The present scenario of Antioxidant Supplement market, along with its previous performance as well as future scope are covered in the report. This eases the users understanding of the market thoroughly, while also gaining knowledge about market opportunities and the dominant players Puritan, GNC, Jarrow Formulas, Bulkpowders, NOW, Biocare, Life Extension, Vibrant Health, Cytoplan, AST R-ALA in the Antioxidant Supplement market.

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Further part in the report enlists the restraining factors for the Antioxidant Supplement market growth. The restraints are explained comprehensively and with details in order that the client can comprehend how these factors are affecting the global Antioxidant Supplement market and how such factors can be tackled effectively using suitable measures.

Also, regional study and analysis of global Antioxidant Supplement market focused on in the report. Here, the major regions with Antioxidant Supplement market establishment have been explained thoroughly. Due to this, our clients will have clarity in understanding the booming markets as well as the potential Antioxidant Supplement markets in the near future.

The concluding section relates to the conclusions and observations regarding the global Antioxidant Supplement market.

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Global Antioxidant Supplement Market Proceeds To Witness Huge Upswing Over Assessment Period by 2025 - The Courier

Three years ago, pictures of bulk carriers queued off the coast of Mackay in central Queensland were framed as evidence of a renaissance in the coal industry.

There were more than 70 coal ships in the offshore gridlock in December 2017. This year there are just 12 waiting equalling a record low mark set at the height of the coronavirus pandemic.

At the worlds biggest coal export port in Newcastle, no China-bound ships are waiting or scheduled to load before Christmas. More than 50 ships carrying Australian coal are reportedly waiting off the Chinese coast.

In the face of falling coal prices and volumes, the industry and governments have remained bullish about coals long-term prospects. They say twin pressures of the pandemic slowdown and Chinas ban on Australian coal will ultimately pass.

In an apparent show of faith, the Queensland government took a 9.9% stake in the float of Dalrymple Bay Infrastructure (DBI) one of two large terminals in Mackay, the main hub for exports from the Bowen Basin. The investment was welcomed by the resources sector as a clear vote of confidence ... in the role of resources in Queenslands Covid-19 recovery and economic growth for decades to come.

DBI was launched on the Australian stock exchange this week with government backing and the broader market surging. It was the second biggest Australian IPO this year (the largest, tech company Nuix, gained 63% on debut last week). DBI also promised investors a handsome 7% dividend.

When the stocks hit the market, DBI tanked, down 16%. It gained no ground the following day. Investors were not buying the pitch that coal has a rosy future.

Its a pivotal moment, says Tim Buckley, an energy markets expert at the Institute of Energy Economics and Financial Analysis.

The financial markets do move so much faster than the real world, they are all about constantly reevaluating the risk-return and growth prospects.

Theres no long-term growth prospect at all for the [coal] industry. Its like trying to catch a falling knife.

Australias biggest super fund, AustralianSuper, has committed to hitting net zero emissions across its $200bn investment portfolio by 2050 but has not specifically ruled out investing in coal projects.

Nonetheless, its chief executive, Ian Silk, seems less than enthusiastic about the idea.

The economic outlook for coal stocks generally is incredibly bleak, for obvious reasons, he says.

He says Aussie would approach any particular coal project on its financial merits.

But its pretty plain by the way were so underweight coal that thats not an attractive sector, he says.

Silk is not alone. Institutional investors the big pension funds and other piles of money that provide much of the capital businesses need to operate have increasingly turned away from coal and other fossil fuels.

Norways Government Pension Fund Global, which at US$1.2tn is so big it holds about 1.5% of all the shares in listed companies in the world, has strict rules forbidding it from investing in companies that produce more than 20m tonnes of thermal coal a year or produce power of more than 10,000MW a year from burning coal.

As a result, in May it excluded from investment two big multinationals that mine coal in Australia, Glencore and Anglo American, as well as Australian power company AGL Energy.

It also put BHP on notice that it could dump its stake in the Big Australian if it didnt get out of thermal coal.

In Australia, the big banks have displayed an increasing unwillingness to lend to coal, with ANZ in October saying it would not write new loans to businesses with more than 10% exposure to thermal coal and existing customers with more than 50% exposure would need to show it specific, time bound and public diversification strategies to continue receiving the banks cash.

The harder line from banks followed warnings from their regulator, the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority, that they needed to consider climate risks when making decisions.

Apra member Geoff Summerhayes laid down the regulators position in a speech in 2017 that was met with howls of dismay and derision by some.

This week, he said the criticism was good impetus for me to actually go harder, because its very much a financial risk with real prudential implications.

It is easy to blame the failure of Australian coal prospects to re-emerge from the pandemic on the situation in China. However, there are growing signals the industry is heading into its final bust cycle.

A few days before the Dalrymple Bay terminal was floated, the largest coal producer in Australia and the western world, Glencore, released its annual investor update and critically announced new plans for a managed decline of its coal business and net-zero emissions by 2050.

While those plans are ultimately long-term (and also play to the companys strategic interest by seeking to keep prices at viable levels by constraining supply) they also show the company expects volumes to drop substantially up to 20% in the next few years, compared to previous projections.

The same investor update last year envisaged Glencore would produce 140m tonnes of coal in 2022. Now the company only expects to mine 115m tonnes that year. It might consider mine-life extension projects but has no plans to develop new coal mines.

Coal is also on the nose at Australias two big mining companies, BHP and Rio Tinto, which have turned away from the black rock and towards red ones as the iron ore price continues to soar.

Rio Tinto sold its last Australian coal mine in 2018 and, under pressure from investors, BHP has promised to get out of thermal coal burned in power plants within two years but so far has found no buyers.

Of particular concern to miners in Queensland is the way financial markets have treated metallurgical (or coking) coal, which is used in steelmaking. More than 80% of the exports from Dalrymple Bay are metallurgical coal.

In the days before the DBI float, company chief executive Anthony Timbrell told the Australian Financial Review it would seek to emphasise the difference between metallurgical and thermal (energy producing) coal.

I guess its our job to draw out that story and remind people of the complexity, Timbrell said.

Thermal coal is the primary target of environmental activists; while metallurgical coal is less susceptible in the immediate-term to a global energy pivot towards renewables.

BHP has also been keen to draw the distinction, which is in its financial interests as metallurgical coal attracts a higher price than thermal coal.

However, as excitement builds around the prospect of (as yet, not commercialised) steelmaking alternatives like green hydrogen, the financial markets increasingly appear to be making little differentiation between the classes of coal.

Buckley points to a graph comparing the US and Australian metallurgical coal producer Coronado with Australian company Whitehaven, which largely mines thermal coal.

Since Coronado was listed in 2018, both Coronado and Whitehavens shares have dived almost in harmony by about 65%. The All Ordinaries is up about 20% over the same period.

The financial markets are no longer really differentiating between coking coal and thermal coal, Buckley said.

Dalrymple Bay is a really interesting bellwether for Queensland. Having already been priced down, having failed to get institutional support, taxpayers effectively did a bailout.

The vendor (Brookfield Asset Management) is the most successful investor in energy infrastructure, and you dont buy from the most successful energy investor in the world and think youre getting a bargain.

This isnt a resources sector problem either, this is a coal problem. The Australian resource sector is having the best year in history, iron ore prices are at phenomenal highs. Its the fossil fuel sector thats on its knees.

The coal company run by John Canavan, the brother of Queensland senator Matt Canavan, went under earlier this month.

The company, ICRA Rolleston, is a junior joint venture partner with Glencore in the Rolleston thermal coal mine in Queensland. Glencore will continue to operate the mine but a court case finalised last month showed how the collapse in the coal price had turned the mine into a loss-making venture.

John Canavans share of the mines costs were about $14m more than sales revenue in August. Glencore expected another $4m shortfall by the end of the year.

The Queensland Exploration Council (an offshoot of the Resources Council) this week released a report card showing some growth in spending by coal speculators during 2019-20 and said there was definitely a feeling of growth and optimism in the sector. In the detail of its report, though, for the first time in four years the QEC downgraded its view on coal prices, saying these has become cause for concern.

In its prospectus for potential investors, DBI warned about a series of risks that included its customers collapsing due to low coal prices, or long-term decline in global coal demand.

Its most significant new investor, the Queensland government, released a study in September that stated there is a substantial degree of uncertainty about assumptions used to underpin long-term market projections, including about the price of coking coal.

Queensland Treasurys analysis highlights that Queenslands future coal demand will continue to be primarily linked to key economies in north-east and south-east Asia. In particular, the future demand for Queenslands metallurgical coal likely hinges on demand from the worlds two largest coal consumers, China and India.

DBIs warnings included that ongoing political tensions between Australia and China could ultimately result in a decline in coal exports from the port.

Demand for metallurgical coal or coal generally may reduce over a period of time due to a variety of reasons, including reduced demand from key coal export markets, such as China, Japan, Taiwan, South Korean and India.

In addition to Chinas import restrictions, China, Japan and South Korea Australias three largest coal customers each announced aggressive pivots towards net zero emissions this year.

Adding to DBIs troubles is the nature of its business where contracts with exporters are regulated by a competition authority. The ports capacity is fully allocated. Unable to raise prices or attract new customers, its pitch to investors has been about expanding its capacity to grow the business, even as shipments are being shunned by China, export volumes contract, coal companies collapse and other Queensland ports face severe debt problems.

Of those terminals, Wiggins Island at Gladstone and the Abbot Point terminal near Bowen, owned by Adani, have both been operating at well below design capacity for all of this decade, a point Buckley and others say shows any expansion of Dalrymple Bay is not viable.

Abbot Point where Adanis debts are estimated in excess of $1.5bn typically has a queue of about three coal ships. Earlier this week, there were no ships waiting to enter the port.

Link:
The end of coal? Why investors aren't buying the myth of the industry's 'renaissance' - The Guardian

VANCOUVER, BC / ACCESSWIRE / December 8, 2020 / FIORE GOLD LTD. (TSXV:F)(OTCQB:FIOGF) ("Fiore" or the "Company") is pleased to announce an updated resource and reserve estimate for its Pan open pit mine in White Pine County, Nevada.

Highlights:

Updated Proven and Probable mineral reserves of 24.0 million tons at a gold grade of 0.012 troy ounces per short ton ("oz/st") or 0.41 grams per tonne ("g/t") containing 290,500 ounces of gold (Table 1)

The updated mineral reserve estimate represents a 6% increase in contained gold ounces and fully replaces reserves mined since the last reserve update in September 2018

Updated Measured and Indicated mineral resources of 31.1 million tons at a gold grade of 0.014 oz/st (0.47 g/t) containing 427,400 ounces of gold (Table 2)

The updated mineral resource estimate is 99% of the resource estimate (effective February 10, 2017) at Fiore Gold's inception

An updated Life of Mine ("LOM") plan based on the updated reserve estimate extends the mine life at Pan by two years into 2025 at a mining rate of 14,000 tons per day of ore while maintaining a low life of mine strip ratio of 1.66:1

Tim Warman, Fiore's CEO commented, "Fiore's exploration team has once again added reserves and extended the mine life at the Pan Mine well into 2025. Our understanding of the geology and controls on mineralization at Pan has improved tremendously over the past three years and the team was able to successfully target new areas of mineralization particularly around the North Pit, as well as identifying potential new areas such as the Mustang target. The next program of resource and reserve expansion drilling is already underway at Pan, aimed at defining the resources that should see Pan continuing to operate for many years to come."

The updated reserve and resource estimates continue to support our strategy of replacing ounces at the Pan Mine by methodically and prudently investing internal cash flow to extend the mine life. At Fiore Gold's inception, the Pan Mine Proven and Probable mineral reserves and Measured and Indicated resources (effective February 10 and March 16, 2017 respectively) were 318,000 ounces and 430,000 ounces, respectively. Despite approximately three years of mining depletion, the updated 2020 Proven and Probable reserves and Measured and Indicated resources are 290,500 ounces (91% of original reserve) and 427,400 ounces (99% of original resource), respectively. The reserve and resource replacement has been achieved while spending approximately $1.5 million on exploration annually over the past three years. Importantly, we have achieved these results without diluting shareholders through additional equity raises or taking on corporate debt since the formation of the Company in 2017. We believe this disciplined approach distinguishes us from many of our peers.

Story continues

The goal of the recent drilling program and related reserve and resource update was primarily to convert Inferred ounces to reserve ounces. Pan Mine Proven and Probable mineral reserves now represent 77% of the Measured and Indicated resources, as compared to 61% of the last reserve update in September 2018. Future drilling programs will aim to replenish the Inferred category, particularly with newly identified targets like Mustang which to date are not included in any resource category. We believe our history of conversion and improved understanding of the geology bode well for our ability to convert Inferred resources going forward.

A Technical Report with the details of the updated resource and reserve estimate will be filed on SEDAR under the Company's profile within 45 days of the date of this news release.

Reserve and Resource Update

Table 1. Pan Mine Reserve Statement (effective June 30, 2020)

Reserve

Tons(000s)

Grade(oz/st)

Grade(g/t)

Contained Gold(Au koz)

Proven

11,426

0.014

0.47

158.3

Probable

12,031

0.011

0.38

132.2

Proven + Probable

23,457

0.012

0.42

290.5

Probable Leach Pad Inventory(recoverable)

26

Total Proven and Probable

317

Reserves stated in the table above are contained within an engineered pit design following the US$1,575/oz Au sales price Lerchs-Grossmann pit. Date of topography is June 30, 2020;

In the table above and subsequent text, the abbreviation "st" denotes US short tons;

Mineral Reserves are stated in terms of delivered tons and grade before process recovery. The exception is leach pad inventory, which is stated in terms of recoverable Au ounces;

Allowances for external dilution are applied.

Costs used include an ore mining cost of US$2.09/st, a waste mining cost of $1.97/st, an ore processing and G&A cost of US$3.13/st;

Reserves for Argillic (soft) ore are based upon a minimum 0.003 oz/st Au internal cut off grade ("CoG"), using a US$1,575/oz Au sales price and a Au Recovery of 80%;

Reserves for Silicic (hard) ore are based upon a minimum 0.004 oz/st Au Internal CoG, using a US$1,575/oz Au sales price and a Au Recovery of 60%;

Mineral Reserves stated above are contained within and are not additional to the Mineral Resource, the exception being stockpile and leach pad inventory; and,

Numbers in the table have been rounded to reflect the accuracy of the estimate and may not sum due to rounding.

Gold prices have increased significantly from the $1,250/oz level used in the previous reserve update in 2018 and we have reflected this increase in the $1,575/oz gold price used in the 2020 reserve update. Using a higher gold price naturally pulled in some areas of lower grade ore which in turn resulted in a lower average grade for the reserve estimate than in the previous 2018 reserve estimate. The grade reduction is not expected to materially impact run-rate production in fiscal 2021.

Table 2. Pan Mine Resource Statement (effective June 30, 2020)

Resource(incl. reserve)

Tons/(000s)

Grade(oz/st)

Grade(g/t)

Contained Gold(Au koz)

Measured

11,416

0.015

0.53

175

Indicated

19,714

0.013

0.44

252

Measured +Indicated

31,130

0.014

0.47

427

Inferred

3,726

0.016

0.56

61

Mineral Resources are not Mineral Reserves and do not have demonstrated economic viability. There is no certainty that any part of the Mineral Resources estimated will be converted into Mineral Reserves;

In the table above and subsequent text, the abbreviation "st" denotes US short tons;

Resources stated as contained within a constrained pit shell; pit optimization was based on an assumed gold price of US$1,700/oz, Silicic (hard) ore recoveries of 60% for Au and an Argillic (soft) ore recovery of 80% for Au, an ore mining cost of US$2.09/st, a waste mining cost of $1.97/st, an ore processing and G&A cost of US$3.13/st, and pit slopes between 45-50 degrees;

Resources are reported using an internal gold cut off grade of 0.003 oz/st Au for blocks flagged as Argillic altered or as unaltered and a cutoff of 0.004 oz/st Au for blocks flagged as Silicic altered.; and,

Numbers in the table have been rounded to reflect the accuracy of the estimate and may not sum due to rounding.

The updated Pan Mineral Resource Estimate ("MRE") estimate was carried out by APEX Geoscience Ltd. ("APEX") as part of an updated Feasibility Study led by SRK Consulting (U.S.) Inc. ("SRK"), the same firm who completed the February 2017 Pan Mine Feasibility Study.

The difference in resource grade vs reserve grade is a result of dilution incorporated in the engineered pit design that constrains the reserve estimate.

Gold mineralization at Pan occurs in near-vertical pipes and bodies of silicified solution breccia localized at the Pilot Shale-Devils Gate Limestone contact adjacent to the Branham Fault, or in stratiform-like breccia bodies and zones that run parallel or sub-parallel to the folded Pilot Shale-Devils Gate contact.

The drillhole database used to calculated the resource and reserve estimates is comprised of 1,452 exploration drillholes completed from 1978 to 2016 by previous operators (totaling 380,081 ft) and 267 holes completed from 2018 to 2020 by Fiore Gold (totaling 107,460 feet), yielding a total of 95,181 sample/interval entries.

The MRE was calculated using a block model size of 20 ft (X) by 20 ft (Y) by 20 ft (Z). APEX estimated the gold grade for each block using Ordinary Kriging with locally varying anisotropy to ensure grade continuity in various directions is reproduced in the block model. The block model was partially diluted by estimating a waste grade for the portions of the outer blocks overlapping the edge of the estimation domain boundaries using composites within a transition zone along the outer edge of the mineralized estimation domains. The waste grade was then proportionately combined with the estimated grade for the portion of the block within the mineralized domain to obtain a final grade for each overlapping block. The partially diluted block model was utilized for resource pit optimization. The MRE is reported as undiluted and only includes blocks or portions of blocks within the estimation domains.

Details regarding the methodology used to calculate the MRE and the reserve estimate will be documented in a Technical Report which will be filed on SEDAR and available on the Company's website within 45 days.

Technical Disclosure

The scientific and technical information relating to Fiore Gold's properties contained in this press release was approved by J. Ross MacLean, Fiore Gold's Chief Operating Officer and a "Qualified Person" under National Instrument 43-101, except for the information relating to the Pan Mine reserve and resource updates.

Michael B. Dufresne, M.Sc., P.Geol., P.Geo., President and Senior Principal of APEX Geoscience Ltd. and a 'Qualified Person' for the purpose of National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects of the Canadian securities administrators ("NI 43-101") has approved the disclosure of the scientific and technical information regarding the Pan Mine Resource update in this news release.

Justin Smith, P.E. Mining BSc., SME-RM, a Senior with SRK Consulting (U.S.) Inc. and a 'Qualified Person' for the purpose of National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects of the Canadian securities administrators ("NI 43-101") has approved the disclosure of the scientific and technical information regarding the Pan Mine Reserve update in this news release.

A description of the key assumptions, parameters and methods used to estimate mineral reserves and resources at the Pan Mine, as well as data verification procedures and a general discussion of the extent to which the estimates of scientific and technical information may be affected by any known legal, political or other relevant factors relating to the potential development of the mineral resources or mineral reserves, will be included in the report titled "NI 43-101 Updated Technical Report on the Pan Gold Mine, White Pine County, Nevada", with an effective date of June 30, 2020, which is being prepared by Michael Dufresne,, P.Geol., P.Geo., Justin Smith, P.E., RM-SME., Deepak Malhotra, RM-SME, Valerie Sawyer, RM-SME, Fredy Henriquez, MSc., RM-SME, and Michael Iannacchione, P.E..

Corporate Strategy

Our corporate strategy is to grow Fiore Gold into a 150,000 ounce per year gold producer. To achieve this, we intend to:

continue to grow gold production at the Pan Mine, while increasing the resource and reserve base

advance exploration and development of the nearby Gold Rock project

acquire additional production or near-production assets to complement our existing operations

On behalf of FIORE GOLD LTD.

"Tim Warman"Chief Executive Officer

Contact Us:

info@fioregold.com1 (416) 639-1426 Ext. 1www.fioregold.com

Neither the TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.

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Fiore Gold Reports Two Year Mine Life Extension at Its Pan Mine, Nevada - Yahoo Finance

CAMBRIDGE, England--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Crescendo Biologics Ltd (Crescendo), the drug developer of novel, targeted T cell enhancing therapeutics, today announced that it has expanded its global, multi-target discovery and development collaboration with Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited (Takeda) after Crescendo achieved its sixth technical milestone.

Under its ongoing collaboration and license agreement, Crescendos proprietary transgenic platform and engineering expertise is being used to build Humabody-based therapeutics against certain targets selected by Takeda.

The collaboration expansion gives Takeda access to a range of Crescendos half-life extension Humabodies for use with its two Humabody programmes, previously licensed in November 2018 and July 2019, and Humabody programmes Takeda licenses in the future during the term of the collaboration expansion.

This is the sixth technical milestone achieved by Crescendo in its collaboration with Takeda. Crescendo has successfully delivered novel oncology-targeted Humabody lead molecules using its robust in-house discovery process.

Theodora Harold, CEO of Crescendo, commented:

Crescendo has again demonstrated its ability to deliver differentiated Humabody molecules against specific targets selected by Takeda, on schedule. The expansion of our collaboration, together with the achievement of this sixth milestone, further validates the excellent work being done at Crescendo to progress the next generation of differentiated cancer therapies.

Loc Vincent, Head, Oncology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda, commented:

Our fruitful collaboration with Crescendo continues to show great progress. We are delighted to expand our work together, drawing on Takedas vast oncology drug discovery experience and Crescendos expertise in developing optimally constructed Humabody molecules to quickly advance novel therapeutics with transformative treatment potential towards the clinic.

-Ends-

About Crescendo BiologicsCrescendo Biologics is a clinical stage T cell enhancing company. Crescendo develops potent, truly differentiated Humabody therapeutics with a focus on innovative, targeted T cell approaches in oncology.

Leading its proprietary pipeline, Crescendo Biologics has developed CB307, a novel CD137 x PSMA bispecific for the selective activation of tumour-specific T cells exclusively within the tumour microenvironment. CB307 is designed to achieve a longer lasting anti-cancer effect whilst avoiding systemic toxicity.

The Companys ability to develop multi-functional Humabody therapeutics is based on its unique, patent protected, transgenic mouse platform generating 100% human VH domain building blocks (Humabody VH). These robust molecules can be configured to engage therapeutic targets in such a way that they deliver novel biology and superior bio-distribution. This results in larger therapeutic windows compared to conventional IgG approaches. Humabody-based formats can also be applied across a range of non-cancer indications.

Crescendo Biologics is located in Cambridge, UK, and is backed by blue-chip investors including Sofinnova Partners, Andera Partners, IP Group, Takeda Ventures, Quan Capital and Astellas.

For more information, please visit the website: http://www.crescendobiologics.com

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Crescendo Biologics Expands its Ongoing Collaboration with Takeda - Business Wire

Creatine is a compound produced by the body and found naturally in a variety of foods.

Creatine supplements are often used to enhance athletic performance, increase strength, and reduce muscle damage (1, 2, 3).

Creatine monohydrate, which consists of a creatine molecule paired with a water molecule, is the most common and best-researched type of creatine supplement (1).

Other types are also available. They combine creatine with other compounds intended to increase absorption or boost performance, such as magnesium, citric acid, malic acid, or hydrochloride.

However, not all creatine supplements are created equal, and with so many options available, finding a high quality supplement can be challenging.

The products included in this article were selected based on the following criteria:

Here are 10 of the best creatine supplements of 2020.

General price ranges with dollar signs ($ to $$$) are indicated below. One dollar sign means the product is rather affordable, whereas three dollar signs indicate a higher price range.

Generally, prices range from $0.10$3.13 per serving, or $8.21$56.37 per tub, package, or bottle, though this may vary depending on where you shop.

Note that serving sizes vary by product.

Pricing guide$ = under $0.50 per serving$$ = $0.50$1 per serving$$$ = over $1 per serving

Price: $

Thorne Research is a company focused on producing high quality, sustainably sourced supplements.

This unflavored product contains 5 grams of creatine per serving and is free of gluten, soy, dairy, yeast, and other major allergens.

Its also NSF Certified for Sport, meaning that it has undergone third-party testing to ensure that its free of harmful contaminants and specific substances that are banned for athletes.

Price: $

With 5 grams of creatine monohydrate per serving, this product from Klean Athlete is ideal for those seeking a simple yet high quality creatine supplement.

Like most other Klean Athlete products, Klean Creatine is NSF Certified for Sport to ensure that it meets strict quality standards.

Its also unflavored and can be easily mixed into smoothies, shakes, and juices.

Price: $

This high quality supplement is a convenient and cost-effective way to help ramp up your intake of creatine.

It contains 5 grams of creatine monohydrate per serving and is formulated without any additives or extra ingredients, such as gluten, sugar, soy, dairy, or yeast.

Plus, BulkSupplements can also provide a Certificate of Analysis (CoA) upon request, which is a detailed document that provides information on the quality, strength, and specifications of a product.

Price: $$

Available in flavors like orange, grape, and fruit punch, this creatine powder from Muscle Tech can be a delicious addition to your workout routine.

It not only includes 5 grams of creatine per scoop but also delivers 1 gram of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which are a type of amino acid often used by athletes to boost performance and reduce fatigue (4).

It also contains around 36 grams of carbs per serving, which is thought to help maximize creatine retention (5).

Price: $

This product is not only free of artificial colors, flavors, and sweeteners but also made without any genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and contains just one ingredient.

Its likewise certified vegan and certified gluten-free, making it a great option for those with food allergies or dietary restrictions.

Additionally, Naked Creatine by Naked Nutrition contains 5 grams of creatine monohydrate and can be easily dissolved in your favorite pre- or post-workout beverage.

Price: $$$

With 550 calories, 54 grams of protein, and 3.2 grams of creatine per serving, this multipurpose protein powder is perfect for bulking.

It comes in a vanilla crme flavor, which adds a pleasant taste to high calorie shakes and smoothies.

Its also NSF Certified for Sport, making it a good choice for athletes seeking a safe supplement free of banned substances.

Price: $

Featuring 5 grams of creatine monohydrate per serving, this supplement is specifically designed to promote energy production and muscle growth.

In addition to being certified kosher and vegan-friendly, its certified by Informed-Choice, a third-party organization that tests sports supplements for banned substances.

Plus, its produced in a facility that has been certified for following good manufacturing practices (GMPs), which ensure that supplements are produced according to strict quality standards set by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Price: $

If you prefer the convenience and ease of pills over powders, these creatine capsules from Life Extension may be a good choice.

Each serving contains approximately 1 gram of creatine, and capsules are certified non-GMO and gluten-free.

Life Extension also provides a CoA for all products to help ensure quality and promote product transparency.

Price: $$

This Power+ product from PurAthlete is made for athletes looking to increase endurance, strength, and stamina.

It features 3.3 grams of Creatine MagnaPower, a type of creatine thats combined with magnesium to enhance absorption and energy production.

Its also NSF Certified for Sport and produced in a GMP-certified facility, meaning that you can feel confident that youre getting a safe, high quality supplement.

Price: $$$

Whether youre a casual gym-goer or competitive athlete, this pre-workout supplement from Proven4 Sport can help boost your exercise routine.

Each serving contains 2 grams of creatine monohydrate, along with a blend of other ingredients like B vitamins, caffeine, and amino acids.

Whats more, this product is NSF Certified for Sport and available in a variety of flavors, including blue raspberry, cherry limeade, fruit punch, and watermelon.

When selecting a creatine supplement, be sure to check the ingredient label carefully and look for products free of artificial flavors, sweeteners, colors, and fillers whenever possible.

However, note that some supplements may contain added carbs or protein, which can help increase the retention of creatine (5).

You should also pay close attention to the dosage of creatine supplements.

Its generally recommended to start with a loading phase of 2025 grams per day for 57 days to increase muscle stores of creatine, followed by a maintenance dosage of 35 grams daily thereafter (6).

If possible, you should also choose supplements that have undergone third-party testing and are certified by organizations like NSF or Informed-Choice to ensure safety and quality.

Some companies may also provide a CoA upon request, which offers detailed information about the purity and potency of products.

Check out these two articles to help make supplement shopping a breeze:

Creatine supplements are available in a variety of forms, flavors, and dosages.

When picking the right product for you, be sure to check the ingredient label and dosage carefully.

Ideally, you should also purchase products that have undergone third-party testing or provide a CoA available upon request.

See the original post here:
The 10 Best Creatine Supplements in 2020 - Healthline

Carlo Wolters, director of Netherlands power company EPZ, has called for an extension to the operation of the Borssele NPP beyond 2033. Alternatively EPZ seeks the construction of two new large reactors at the site to enable the Netherlands to meet its energy and climate goals.

Wolters made the statement at a parliamentary debate on the role of nuclear power in the Dutch energy system, where he presented a position paper, EPZ Vision 2033 A Strategy for Dutch Nuclear Energy, which was first published on 28 November.

EPZ is currently the only Dutch party with the experience to operate a nuclear power plant in combination with a wind and solar park, the document says.

EPZ sees nuclear as a key climate-neutral source of energy, which should continue to be used in the Netherlands. For this there are two options plant life extension and/or newbuild.

As to life extension, EPZ said a letter from EPZ about this has already been sent to Minister for Economic Affairs and Climate Policy Eric Wiebes and the House of Representatives. The condition set by EPZ is that any market risk is covered in the business case, the Vision paper says. It envisages extending operation of the Borssele NPP by 10 to 20 years.

On the newbuild option, EPZ favours building two new Generation III 1500MWe units before the mid-1930s at the Borssele site. A precondition is the choice of a proven (and licensed) reactor design for which the permit and consultation processes can be completed on time, the paper notes. Subsequently, during construction, no changes to design and regulations will be made. Finally it is necessary that any market risk in the business case is covered by the government.

EPZ says construction of an existing, approved reactor concept is feasible. Generation III reactors have three times the power of Borssele and are therefore very interesting economically. They can now be purchased from various suppliers and there is sufficient space for new construction in the immediate vicinity of the existing nuclear plant, EPZ adds.

The addition of two identical nuclear power stations (with phased completion) seems the most optimal strategy, the paper notes. With an adequate project progression, the costs of a new Generation III reactor are 8-10 billion and the construction time is about eight years. With a combination of these two options, climate-neutral capacity could be in use by the mid-2030s. Borssele could even be 3500MWe, with an availability of 90%. This covers approximately 25% of current Dutch electricity demand. The paper adds: A fully climate-neutral energy system by 2050 remains within reach, even if electricity consumption continues to increase.

EPZ notes that around 2030, CO2 emissions from the electricity sector will be between 11 and 25 megatonnes. If EPZ keeps the existing nuclear power plant open and builds two new ones, the savings will be 13 megatonnes.

In September Minister of Economic Affairs and Climate Eric Wiebes said in a letter to members of parliament that more nuclear power may join solar and wind in the Dutch energy mix after 2030, in particular small modular reactors (SMRs). The International Energy Agency (IEA) said in a recent energy policy review that lifetime extension "could prove of great benefit to maintain the low-carbon generation...and the know-how of the Dutch nuclear sector".

See the article here:
EPZ calls for continued nuclear power in the Netherlands - Nuclear Engineering

New York, Dec. 10, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reportlinker.com announces the release of the report "Global Military Aircraft Modernization and Upgrade and Retrofit Market 2020-2024" - https://www.reportlinker.com/p04483599/?utm_source=GNW 61 bn during 2020-2024 progressing at a CAGR of 3% during the forecast period. Our reports on military aircraft modernization and upgrade and retrofit market provides a holistic analysis, market size and forecast, trends, growth drivers, and challenges, as well as vendor analysis covering around 25 vendors. The report offers an up-to-date analysis regarding the current global market scenario, latest trends and drivers, and the overall market environment. The market is driven by the incorporation of CNS systems in aircraft and emergence of SVAB. In addition, incorporation of CNS systems in aircraft is anticipated to boost the growth of the market as well. The military aircraft modernization and upgrade and retrofit market analysis includes type segment and geographical landscapes

The military aircraft modernization and upgrade and retrofit market is segmented as below: By Type Combat aircraft Transport aircraft Others

By Geographical Landscapes North America APAC Europe MEA South America

This study identifies service life extension of military aircraft fleets as one of the prime reasons driving the military aircraft modernization and upgrade and retrofit market growth during the next few years.

The analyst presents a detailed picture of the market by the way of study, synthesis, and summation of data from multiple sources by an analysis of key parameters. Our military aircraft modernization and upgrade and retrofit market covers the following areas: Military aircraft modernization and upgrade and retrofit market sizing Military aircraft modernization and upgrade and retrofit market forecast Military aircraft modernization and upgrade and retrofit market industry analysis

Read the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p04483599/?utm_source=GNW

About ReportlinkerReportLinker is an award-winning market research solution. Reportlinker finds and organizes the latest industry data so you get all the market research you need - instantly, in one place.

__________________________

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The Global Military Aircraft Modernization and Upgrade and Retrofit Market is expected to grow by $ 2.61 bn during 2020-2024 progressing at a CAGR of...

The report gives a complete investigation of the CONTROLLED INTELLIGENT PACKAGING, PRESERVATION AND SHELF-LIFE EXTENSION industry and key market improvements. The exploration record comprises of past and figure showcase data, prerequisite, territories of use, value strategies, and friends portions of the main organizations by topographical district. The CONTROLLED INTELLIGENT PACKAGING, PRESERVATION AND SHELF-LIFE EXTENSION market report separates the market size, by volume and worth, depending upon the kind of utilization and area.

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The report involves the estimation of the Global CONTROLLED INTELLIGENT PACKAGING, PRESERVATION AND SHELF-LIFE EXTENSION Market. The accompanying Industry is appeared to advance with a critical ascent in the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) during the conjecture time frame attributable to different elements driving the market.

The extent of the report stretches out from market situations to similar valuing between significant players, cost and benefit of the predetermined market areas. The numerical information is upheld up by factual apparatuses, for example, SWOT investigation, Porters Five Analysis, PESTLE examination, etc.

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Key Features of the Report:

The report provides granular level information about the market size, regional market share, historic market (2015-2019) and forecast (2020-2026).

The report covers in-detail insights about the competitors overview, company share analysis, key market developments, and their key strategies.

The report outlines drivers, restraints, unmet needs, and trends that are currently affecting the market

The report tracks recent innovations, key developments and startups details that are actively working in the market.

The report provides plethora of information about market entry strategies, regulatory framework and reimbursement scenario.

The report analyses the impact of socio-political environment through PESTLE Analysis and competition through Porters Five Force Analysis in addition to recent technology advancements and innovations in the market.

What is the Impact of Covid-19 Outbreak on the CONTROLLED INTELLIGENT PACKAGING, PRESERVATION AND SHELF-LIFE EXTENSION Market?

Optimistic Scenario: COVID-19 is contained by May or June, With Normalcy Returning to Global

Operations through the End of Q2.

Conservative Scenario: COVID-19 Remains Prevalent, with Continued Impacts Lasting into Q4.

Estimated Impact of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Epidemic on the Global CONTROLLED INTELLIGENT PACKAGING, PRESERVATION AND SHELF-LIFE EXTENSION Market.

CONTROLLED INTELLIGENT PACKAGING, PRESERVATION AND SHELF-LIFE EXTENSION Market Size in 2020.

Corporate Strategy the Manufacturers Should Be Thinking About Right Now.

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Controlled Intelligent Packaging, Preservation and Shelf-Life Extension Market to Witness Widespread Expansion During 2020 to 2026 Cargill Inc....

Growing emphasis on the food safety and longer shelf life has played an important role in the development of ingredients that aid in food preservation. These ingredients vary from simple water content to salt or sugar to chemicals like antioxidants and are used to prevent growth of microorganisms, thereby delaying the spoilage process. In terms of origin, food safety and shelf life extension ingredients can be synthetic or natural in nature.

Food preserving ingredients have been an integral part of kitchen aisles in the form of lemon, ginger, vinegar, spices, salt and sugar. Their traditional utilization was replaced by synthetic ingredients with increasing commercialization of the food industry in past decades. However, with the dissemination of knowledge related to harmful effects of synthetic ingredients, currently, the industry is witnessing a prominent shift toward natural ingredients for food safety and shelf life extension.

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Shelf Life Extension Ingredients Market Notable Developments

Shelf Life Extension Ingredients Market Dynamics

Clean-Label Trend Fuels Synthetic to Natural Transition in Food Ingredient Landscape

Naturally sourced ingredients have gained significant traction as consumer preference for natural products continues to surge. In terms of effectiveness, natural preservatives are superior in delivering greater protection and longer shelf life. As they work with equivalent efficiency and are healthful in nature, adoption of naturally sourced ingredients is increasing consistently as compared to the synthetic options.

Natural ingredients such as antimicrobials or antioxidants have additional potential health benefits also. Well aware of the increasing consumer demand for natural food products that are without artificial ingredients, manufacturers in the food ingredient market are introducing bio-based or naturally sourced food safety ingredients.

Frozen Foods Drive Demand for Specialized Food Safety Ingredients

Ranging from salads to sauces or ready meals to rice, a plethora of food products are available in frozen forms. As the demand for fresh and frozen foods increase across the globe, food manufacturers are seeking innovative ways to introduce novel food safety ingredients to extend the shelf life of frozen foods.

Manufacturers in the food safety and shelf life extension ingredient market are introducing ingredients specific to refrigerated products. Along with providing safety, these ingredients are label friendly and help in reducing sodium content while enhancing consumers sensory experience.

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Shelf Life Extension Ingredients Market Regional Outlook

North America presents lucrative opportunities for the Shelf Life Extension Ingredients Market on the back of buoyancy in regions the food and beverage industry and presence of leading F&B companies.

The market is likely to witness increasing opportunities in the developing countries of Asia pacific. These countries are witnessing huge demand for frozen foods, RTD food and beverages and processed food, thereby presenting higher potential for the market in the future.

Shelf Life Extension Ingredients Market Segmentation

The Shelf Life Extension Ingredients Market is segmented into following,

Based on type, Shelf Life Extension Ingredients Market can be segmented in,

Based in function, Shelf Life Extension Ingredients Market can be segmented in,

Based on application, Shelf Life Extension Ingredients Market can be segmented in,

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Excerpt from:
Shelf Life Extension Ingredients Market Demand, Growth, Opportunities and Analysis Of Top Key Player Forecast To 2028 - Murphy's Hockey Law

Novartis already knew that adding Kisqali to endocrine therapy can help premenopausal patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer live longer. Now, it knows exactly how long.

Kisqali plus endocrine therapy helped pre- and perimenopausal women with HR+/HER2- disease live a median 58.7 months, according to phase 3 data presented at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium's (SABCS') virtual annual meeting. Thats compared with 48 months forendocrine therapy alone, translating to a 24% reduction in the risk of death for the Kisqali regimen.

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Jeff Legos, Ph.D., Novartis head of oncology drug development, called Kisqalis new survival showing very impressive given that these patients historically survived for around three years after treatment. Patients in the control arm of the Monaleesa-7 trial appeared to live longer because some went on to receive Kisqali afteran initial survival readout, which showed a 29% reduction in the risk of death.

The Kisqali regimen also extended the time period before patients need follow-up chemotherapy by about 31%. Patients on the Kisqali combo lived a median 50.9 months before their first post-treatment chemo, while the time was 36.8 months for endocrine therapy alone.

The survival benefit was similar in a subgroup of patients who took a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor (NSAI) as part of their endocrine therapy. The death risk reduction in those patients was 20%, as the Kisqali group also lived a median 58.7 months, versus 47.7 months for the control arm.

RELATED:ASCO: Novartis' Kisqali posts first-in-class survival win in younger women

Thats the most relevant data for Kisqali in this patient population,given that its only approved by the FDA in combination with an NSAI. The Monaleesa-7 study also tested tamoxifen as an endocrine option, but, in those patients, researchers identified ahigher-than-expected increase in an abnormal heart rhythm called QT prolongation.

Novartis has now reported statistically significant life extension benefits for Kisqali in premenopausal women in the Monaleesa-7 trial and in postmenopausal women in the Monaleesa-3 study.The Monaleesa-2 program testing Kisqali in combination with the endocrine therapy letrozole in previously untreated patients is expected to have overall survival data in the second half of 2021.

The current Monaleesa-7 study was carried out in patients who hadnt been previously treated witha CDK4/6 inhibitor or endocrine therapy, but it did allowprevious treatment with chemotherapy.

Biomarker victory over Ibrance

In a cherry on top of Kisqalis 2020 SABCS data cake, Novartis unveiled a pooled analysis of the three trials showing the CDK4/6 inhibitor reduced the risk of disease progression or death in three of the four main subtypes of breast cancer.

In patients with the more traditional Luminal A and Luminal B subtypes, where Legos said patients have done reasonably OK with solo endocrine therapy, adding Kisqali significantly slashed the risk of disease progression or death by 37% and 48%, respectively, across the three trials.

The best news for Kisqali, though, according to Legos, came fromthe HER2-enriched subtype, which makes up about 15% of the HR+/HER2- breast cancer population. This subgroup traditionally had not done very well on endocrine therapy alone and hence it can be sort of deemed as a poor prognostic factor, Legos explained.

But in this group, the Kisqali-endocrine pairing cut the risk of disease progression or death by 61%.

RELATED:ESMO: Lilly's Verzenio pressures Pfizer with practice-changing win in early breast cancer

The showing in this subtype is important because its the first time a CDK4/6 inhibitor combo topped endocrine therapy alonein these women, Legos said. Three years ago at the SABCS event, a retrospective analysis of the Paloma-2 trial found Pfizers market-leading CDK4/6 inhibitor, Ibrance, didnt benefit the HER2-enriched subtype, he pointed out.

I think this just addsto the growing body of evidence that these mixed results that were seeing in both the metastatic setting, as well as in the adjuvant setting, may suggest that not all of the CDK4/6 inhibitors are equal, Legos said in an interview ahead of the data presentation.

Indeed, Ibrance has repeatedly failed in several HR+/HER2- breast cancer trials. The most famous is the Paloma-3 trial, which showed adding Ibrance to endocrine therapy in metastatic patients didnt significantly beat endocrine therapy at extending patients lives.

RELATED:Pfizer's Ibrance kisses early breast cancer hopes goodbye with 2nd study failure

And, in the postsurgery setting known as adjuvant treatment, Ibrance recently failed to lengthen the time early breast cancer patients could live without invasive disease returning. It didnt deliver a benefit in a wider patient group or in a high-risk subgroup.

Meanwhile, updated data from the phase 3 monarchE trial presented at this years SABCS showed the adjuvant pairing of Eli Lillys rival CDK4/6 inhibitor Verzenio and endocrine therapy reduced the risk of invasive disease after surgery by 28.7% in high-risk patients with an extended follow-up of 19 months.

CDK4 versus CDK6

Novartis has been attributing Kisqalis better efficacyas compared to Ibrancesto its drugs higher inhibition of CDK4 over CDK6. While CDK4 is more widely expressed in breast cancer cells, CDK6 is found more in the bone marrow; plus, CDK4 plays a greater role in cell proliferation and growth, Legos explained. Verzenio also inhibits CDK4 to a higher degree.

Kisqali isnt omnipotent, though. The Novartis drug didnt show a tumor progression improvement in the basal-like subtype. Legos said this represents a small group of patients whose tumors resemble triple-negative breast cancer. These patients constitute an average 3% of participants across the three Monaleesa trials, which Legos said is reflective of the real-world makeup.

Novartis is running a separate trial called Natalee, hoping to show that Kisqali on top of endocrine therapy works as an adjuvant treatment for both intermediate and high-risk patients. Data from that trial areexpected in 2022.

More here:
SABCS: Novartis touts Kisqali's 5-year breast cancer survival, advantage over Pfizer's Ibrance - FiercePharma

In its latest research titled, FSS Capacity Pricing Trends, Euroconsult, the leading global consulting firm focused on space and satellite-enabled markets, reported that the dramatic pricing declines of the past five years have slowed as a result of notable slowdowns in new capacity supply additions. However, intense pricing pressure is expected to return in advance of new capacity coming online in the 2022-23 timeframe.

Over the past five years, average capacity pricing levels in video markets have dropped 30 percent in aggregate, while data markets have experienced 60 percent declines. While pricing is beginning to stabilize, the previously strong mobility market is now seeing pricing erosion in the short term, due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on global travel.

We are seeing a mixed landscape in current pricing trends, said Brent Prokosh, Senior Affiliate Consultant at Euroconsult and author of the report. Despite the generalized pricing declines globally, , strong demand for HTS capacity in places such as North America and Southeast Asia has led to regional shortages, alleviating pressure in the short-term. While fewer regions have reported sharply declining capacity pricing levels, more challenging competitive environments are reported for Latin America and the Russia & CIS regions. Further, at key orbital hotspots, Direct to Home (DTH) television platform pricing has also been notably resilient.

While DTH pricing of up to $8,000/MHz/month is still in effect in some locations, many platforms have sought to reduce their commitments through lower volume and/or shorter-term renewals. On the lower end, capacity pricing ranges have remained relatively stable over the past year, with $600/MHz/month for regular and less than $100/Mbps/month for large-volume long-term HTS capacity leases still prevailing.

In its 3rd annual edition of the report on satellite capacity pricing trends, Euroconsult provides an analysis of the structural trends impacting the industry and delves into regional pricing for nine different parts of the world. The analysis is based on an expansive database of more than 2,000 capacity pricing contracts and includes roughly 100 new price points derived from more than a dozen interviews and continuous desk research conducted over the past 12 months.

It includes capacity supply fill rates and case studies on the cost base of satellite capacity. It also breaks out pricing trends by spectrum and type of service and includes an overview of milsatcom and mobility pricing. Additionally, for the first time, this years edition of FSS Capacity Pricing Trends includes a section on in-orbit life extension services. It also provides an analysis of the cost base of capacity for nearly 40 HTS systems, including all major Very High Throughput Satellite (VHTS) systems and Non-Geostationary Orbit (NGSO) broadband constellations.

The research projects that HTS fill rates, which are comparatively lower than regular capacity, are expected to drop from 50 percent as of 2020, to below 20 percent by 2023 with new capacity expected to come on line in that time frame. This oversupply will put further pressure on capacity pricing. As a result, Euroconsult projects that operators will seek to drive utilization of new capacity by testing the price elasticity of demand.

Another way that operators are responding to oversupply and pricing erosion is by adopting vertical integration strategies, said Prokosh. This has the potential to provide them with a higher degree of control over pricing conditions. It is an especially relevant trend, given expectations that competition will continue driving the benefits of lower cost base of capacity towards end user services as opposed to the tradition FSS operator wholesale lease model.

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Satellite capacity pricing declines slow, but price pressure expected to increase with new supply entering service in 2023 - Geospatial World