ScienceDaily (Aug. 7, 2012) Bioengineers at the University of California, San Diego have developed a method of modeling, simultaneously, an organism's metabolism and its underlying gene expression. In the emerging field of systems biology, scientists model cellular behavior in order to understand how processes such as metabolism and gene expression relate to one another and bring about certain characteristics in the larger organism.

In addition to serving as a platform for investigating fundamental biological questions, this technology enables far more detailed calculations of the total cost of synthesizing many different chemicals, including biofuels. Their method accounts, in molecular detail, for the material and energy required to keep a cell growing, the research team reported in the journal Nature Communications.

"This is a major advance in genome-scale analysis that accounts for the fundamental biological process of gene expression and notably expands the number of cellular phenotypes that we can compute," said Bernhard Palsson, Galetti Professor of Bioengineering, at the UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering.

"With this new method, it is now possible to perform computer simulations of systems-level molecular biology to formulate questions about fundamental life processes, the cellular impacts of genetic manipulation or to quantitatively analyze gene expression data," said Joshua Lerman, a Ph.D. candidate in Palsson's Systems Biology Research Group.

The team's method can be compared to understanding both the chemical reactions and the machinery that are required to refine crude oil into petrol in a large, industrial factory. Modeling metabolism tells you what biochemical reactions need to take place. Modeling the organism's gene expression tells you what kind of machinery you need. The team's method specifically accounts for the expression of enzymes, which are the molecular machines responsible for the biochemical processes of life. With this knowledge, it is possible to explore how an organism distributes its resources to promote growth and how genetic manipulation of these organisms alters this distribution.

"What you could hypothetically do with our model is simulate the total cost of producing a value-added product, such as a biofuel. That includes all the operating and maintenance costs," said Daniel Hyduke, a project scientist in Palsson's lab. Hyduke said the method has the potential to help streamline industrial metabolic engineering efforts by providing a near complete accounting of the minimal material and energy costs associated with novel strain designs for biofuel, commodity chemicals, and recombinant protein production.

Hyduke and Lerman prototyped the method on the minimal, yet metabolically versatile, hyperthermophile Thermotoga maritima. Because T. maritima is not currently ready for use in industrial applications, Hyduke and Lerman are working as part of a larger team to produce similar models for industrially relevant microorganisms, such as E. coli.

"We've built a virtual reality simulator of metabolism and gene expression for Thermotoga maritima, and shown that it much better approximates phenotypes of cells than modeling metabolism in isolation," said Lerman.

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Molecular economics: New computer models calculate systems-wide costs of gene expression

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Story by Benjamin F. Kuo

Santa Monica-based Fundable (www.fundable.com) is a newly launched, crowdfunding site which is headed by local entrepreneur Wil Shroter. Recently, an interesting project popped up on the site--a a 2D to 3D conversion project, from the inventor of the original, LCD projector, Gene Dolgoff. Dolgoff has a fascinating background--he invented the first LCD projector, he helped inspire Star Trek's Holodeck, and he also is a serial entrepreneur who took his company public on the NASDAQ in the 90's. Since Dolgoff is raising money for his 2D-to-3D startup via Fundable, we thought it would be interesting to hear about the project, and how he ended up turning to Fundable.

Tell us about your project?

Gene Dolgoff: After years of research and development, we have developed technology which converts two dimensional video to 3D. Not only that, but we're able to display it on any display device, including TV sets, whether they are 2D or 3D, computers, projectors, and handheld devices. It was a series of different technologies we had ot develop and apply for patents on, and now that we have it, we're working on a prototype. Because we want to get into production, marketing, and sales, right now we're listing on Fundable.com. We have a contest for people to design what the case will look like, and we're using Fundable to raise $10,000 to give to the winner.

Why turn to crowdfunding and Fundable for this?

Gene Dolgoff: We were actually talking before there was a Fundable. We had been talking with another of their companies, the GoBig network, which is a membership organization of investors and entrepreneurs. We have a business plan and private placement on that site, and recently started searching for investors to raise the funds we needed to go into production, and start marketing and sales. We started talking with the folks at GoBig, and they ended up talking to people higher up in the organization, and then we ended up talking with their founders, including Wil. They told us that they were going to start this new, crowdfunding site, and we thought it would be great to be on it and started working together on it.

You've got an interesting story, can you talk about your road here?

Gene Dolgoff: When I was a young kid, I was fascinated by imagery. I wanted to learn about imagery, how the brain works, and how to make 3D images. I started making 3D images when I was thirteen, and at the time I was making lenticular 3D images with the guy who invented that process, victor Anderson. We also made a 3D, CRT television, which may have been the world's first 3D TV, which we had in the Brooklyn Museum in New York. In 1964, I started working on holography, and was one of the first in the world to work on that. Over the next decade, I invented the process of transfering that to printing, to things like credit cards and security applications, and many other different areas. The idea came to me for making a video projector that was brighter and better than CRTs, and it came to me how to do that in 1968.

I started experimenting with materials, and by 1970 I'd settled on liquid crystals, because it was a digital system. I had been a programmer since 1961, and was familiar with digital, and realized that was the way to go. It took until April of 1984, and by 1988 I had met someone to invest in it, and I started the world's first digital projector company, Projectavision. We got a contract form DARPA, the Defense Department agency in 1989, went public in 1999, raised $20M, and got lots of patents, licensed it to lots of companies, and also made our own product which showed up in stores. I was doing that until 1995. After I left, I started working on a lot of different areas, and one of those was 3D, lenticular printing. It was so much more advanced than back in 1960's, and we started selling posters in 3D for advertising. By late 2005 and 2006, we saw the return of 3D movies, made possible by the digital projectors. I realized now was the time to focus on consumer applications, because eventually everyone would want 3D TV in their home. So, we started developing the technology, and once that we put that together, we started looking for funding.

Can you talk a bit about your technology, and how it's different from other, 3D technology out there?

Read more here:
Gene Dolgoff's 3D Vision: Using Crowdfunding To Turn the World 3D

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Public release date: 8-Aug-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Vicki Cohn vcohn@liebertpub.com 914-740-2100 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News

New Rochelle, NY, August 8, 2012Laparoscopic management of gallbladder disease offers a less invasive alternative to open surgery. Surgical outcomes continue to improve as new techniques and tools become available for performing laparoscopic gallbladder surgery, and these advances are highlighted in "Advances in Cholecystectomy Surgery (http://online.liebertpub.com/toc/lap/22/6)," a comprehensive special issue of Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques (JLAST), a peer-reviewed journal published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. publishers (http://www.liebertpub.com). The issue is available free online at the Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques (http://www.liebertpub.com/lap) website.

Samer Bessa, MD and coauthors, University of Alexandria, Egypt, compared the feasibility, safety, and side effects of laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed with general anesthesia, the standard of care, or with spinal anesthesia. In the accompanying Commentary on "Spinal Versus General Anesthesia for Day-Case Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Prospective Randomized Study," (http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/lap.2012.9992) Fred Luchette, MD, MSc, considers whether the risks of spinal anesthesia outweigh its potential benefits for this procedure.

Rajeev Sinha, MS, and Sharad Chandra, MD, DM, M.L.B. Medical College, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India, described a group of patients who developed biliary peritonitis, a potentially serious adverse event, following laparoscopic gallbladder removal using a "scarless" single-site surgical technique known as LESS. L. Michael Brunt, MD, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, provides his insights on this study and its implications in Commentary on "Cystic Duct Leaks After Laparoendoscopic Single Site Cholecystectomy (LESS)": A Word of Caution (http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/lap.2012.9993).

The issue also features articles on long-term experience with post-cholecystectomy bile duct injuries and outcomes of laparoendoscopic surgery, as well as experience with robotic surgery to remove bile duct cysts in pediatric patients.

Videos illustrating cutting-edge techniques in cholecystectomy (http://www.liebertpub.com/lpages/highlighted-cholecystectomy-videos/25/) are available in Videoscopy (http://www.liebertpub.com/vor), the videojournal component of Journal of Laraoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques.

"The modern era of laparoscopic surgery all started over 20 years ago with laparoscopic cholecystectomy," says Editor-in-Chief C. Daniel Smith, MD, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL. "Despite this long experience with MIS, the advancements in gallbladder surgery continue today. This special issue includes several manuscripts highlighting continued advancements in the care of patients with gallbladder disease and will provide even surgeons with extensive experience new insights into gallbladder procedures."

###

About the Journal

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New tools and techniques enhance laparoscopic gallbladder removal

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

ILIU: Positive PST Study Data

Brian Marckx, CFA

This morning (8/6/12) Interleukin Genetics (ILIU) announced that the University of Michigan revealed top-line results of the eagerly awaited PST test study. The top-line data is positive, in favor of Interleukin's PST study showing efficacy on the primary endpoint, change in tooth loss based on patient risk category.

The study, officially titled Periodontal Disease Prevention Study: A Retrospective Cohort Study to Assess the Effect of Genetics and Dental Preventive Care on Periodontal Disease was funded by Renaissance Health Service and conducted by the University of Michigan. It examined 16 years worth of data from over 5,000 patients taken from a large dental claims database. It is the pivotal study which is expected to show that certain risk factors, including a positive result on ILIU's PST genotyping test, can help predict periodontal disease and determine the optimal number of dental cleanings per year, which will provide support to reimburse for the PST from dental insurance providers.

Top-line data from the study showed exactly what Interleukin hoped, that high risk patients are likely to benefit from more than one cleaning per year while low risk patients are not. Specifically the data showed that there was no significant difference between two dental cleanings and one dental cleaning in reducing the number of tooth extractions in the low-risk patient population (13.8% vs. 16.4%, p=0.092). By contrast there was a highly significant difference between two dental cleanings and one dental cleaning in reducing the number of tooth extractions in the high-risk patient population (16.9% vs. 22.1%, p=0.002).

Per the trial protocol, patients were categorized as low risk of tooth loss if they were non-smokers, did not have diabetes and were PST test negative. High risk were smokers, diabetic and PST test positive. Of particular interest is that the top-line data also shows a highly significant (p<0.001) correlation between the number of positive risk factors and extractions - implying that all risk factors (i.e. - including PST) are indicative of risk of tooth loss.

The full data set is expected to be submitted for publication by the UofM. Following publication, we expect that Interleukin's game plan will continue to be to roll out their PST test supported with dental insurance reimbursement from Renaissance Health/Delta Dental which touches as many as 54 million covered lives.

This top-line data, along with the early July news that Delta Dental injected $3 million in new financing to ILIU provides what we view as substantial support for the potential of ILIU's PST test.

We cover Interleukin Genetics with an Outperform rating and a $1.30 price target. Please visit scr.zacks.com to access a free copy of the full research report.

Zacks Investment Research

Originally posted here:
ILIU: Positive PST Study Data

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

ScienceDaily (Aug. 7, 2012) Investigators at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) and Veterans Affairs (VA) Boston Healthcare System have identified a new gene linked to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The findings, published online in Molecular Psychiatry, indicate that a gene known to play a role in protecting brain cells from the damaging effects of stress may also be involved in the development of PTSD.

The article reports the first positive results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of PTSD and suggests that variations in the retinoid-related orphan receptor alpha (RORA) gene are linked to the development of PTSD.

Mark W. Miller, PhD, associate professor at BUSM and a clinical research psychologist in the National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System was the study's principal investigator. Mark Logue, PhD, research assistant professor at BUSM and Boston University School of Public Health and Clinton Baldwin, PhD, professor at BUSM, were co-first authors of the paper.

PTSD is a psychiatric disorder defined by serious changes in cognitive, emotional, behavioral and psychological functioning that can occur in response to a psychologically traumatic event. Previous studies have estimated that approximately eight percent of the U.S. population will develop PTSD in their lifetime. That number is significantly greater among combat veterans where as many as one out of five suffer symptoms of the disorder.

Previous GWAS studies have linked the RORA gene to other psychiatric conditions, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, autism and depression.

"Like PTSD, all of these conditions have been linked to alterations in brain functioning, so it is particularly interesting that one of the primary functions of RORA is to protect brain cells from the damaging effects of oxidative stress, hypoxia and inflammation," said Miller.

Participants in the study were approximately 500 male and female veterans and their intimate partners, all of whom had experienced trauma and approximately half of whom had PTSD. The majority of the veterans had been exposed to trauma related to their military experience whereas their intimate partners had experienced trauma related to other experiences, such as sexual or physical assault, serious accidents, or the sudden death of a loved one. Each participant was interviewed by a trained clinician, and DNA was extracted from samples of their blood.

The DNA analysis examined approximately 1.5 million genetic markers for signs of association with PTSD and revealed a highly significant association with a variant (rs8042149) in the RORA gene. The researchers then looked for evidence of replication using data from the Detroit Neighborhood Health Study where they also found a significant, though weaker, association between RORA and PTSD.

"These results suggest that individuals with the RORA risk variant are more likely to develop PTSD following trauma exposure and point to a new avenue for research on how the brain responds to trauma," said Miller.

This study was supported by the National Institute on Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under award number R01 MH079806 and a grant from the Department of Veterans Affairs.

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New gene linked to PTSD identified

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

CAMBRIDGE, Mass. & BOULDER, Colo.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--

Foundation Medicine, Inc. and Clovis Oncology, Inc. (CLVS) announced today that they have entered into a diagnostic collaboration. The goal of the collaboration is to develop an in-vitro diagnostic (IVD) to identify biomarkers to select cancer patients most likely to respond to Clovis product candidate rucaparib, a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor currently in Phase I/II clinical development.

We are pleased to collaborate with Foundation Medicine, said Patrick J. Mahaffy, president and CEO of Clovis Oncology. This continues our commitment to developing targeted therapies with companion diagnostics to identify the patients most likely to benefit from our therapeutics. Foundation Medicines leadership in next generation sequencing and genomic analysis make them an ideal partner to work with us on our rucaparib program.

Foundation Medicine and Clovis Oncology will analyze the genomic alterations found in tissue samples from patients to evaluate the feasibility of developing an IVD method to identify patients who have tumors more likely to respond to rucaparib.

In particular, the goal of the collaboration is to identify the additional genetic mutations beyond those in germ-line and somatic BRCA that are associated with defective DNA repair and may define appropriate tumor targets for rucaparib. In high-grade serous ovarian cancer, for example, this study has the potential to increase the percentage of ovarian cancer patients potentially eligible for rucaparib therapy from the 15 percent typically found to have germ-line mutations of BRCA to an estimated 40 to 50 percent who have DNA repair deficiencies caused by somatic mutations in a variety of genes.

Foundation Medicines core capability is the translation of genomic insights into clinically actionable information, said Michael J. Pellini, M.D., president and CEO of Foundation Medicine. But even the most in-depth genomic profile for a patient is only as actionable as the available and relevant targeted therapies. Therefore, we are working to help expand the universe of targeted therapeutic options. Clovis Oncology, a recognized leader in patient-specific oncology drug development, is an ideal partner in this mission.

About Clovis Oncology

Clovis Oncology, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company focused on acquiring, developing and commercializing innovative anti-cancer agents in the U.S., Europe and additional international markets. Clovis Oncology targets development programs at specific subsets of cancer populations, and simultaneously develops diagnostic tools that direct a compound in development to the population that is most likely to benefit from its use. Clovis Oncology is headquartered in Boulder, Colorado, and has additional offices in San Francisco, California and Cambridge, UK.

About Foundation Medicine

Foundation Medicine is a molecular information company dedicated to a transformation in cancer care in which treatment is informed by a deep understanding of the genomic changes that contribute to each patients unique cancer. The companys initial clinical product, FoundationOne, is a fully informative genomic profile to identify a patients individual molecular alterations and match them with relevant targeted therapies and clinical trials. Foundation Medicines molecular information platform aims to improve day-to-day care for patients by serving the needs of clinicians, academic researchers and drug developers to help advance the science of molecular medicine in cancer. For more information, please visit http://www.foundationmedicine.com.

See the article here:
Foundation Medicine and Clovis Oncology Announce Diagnostic Collaboration

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

LEUVEN, BELGIUM and MADRID, SPAIN--(Marketwire -08/08/12)- TiGenix (EURONEXT:TIG), the European leader in cell therapy, announced today the completion of patient enrollment in the Company's Phase IIa study of Cx611, a suspension of expanded allogeneic adult stem cells, in rheumatoid arthritis. The Phase IIa clinical trial is a 53-subject, multicenter, placebo-controlled study in 3 cohorts with different dosing regimens, designed to assess safety, feasibility, tolerance, and optimal dosing. The study is being conducted at 23 centers. The Company believes that this clinical trial can set the stage not only for the further development of Cx611 in RA, but also in a wide range of other autoimmune disorders.

"In addition to the primary endpoints of safety and optimal dosing, we expect this trial to yield a first indication of the duration of the efficacy of Cx611 in this very difficult patient population: the enrolled patients have previously failed to respond to at least two biologicals," said Eduardo Bravo, CEO of TiGenix. "In the trial patients are treated with three injections of Cx611. The six-month follow-up without further dosing should provide us with a truly meaningful result. This is the most advanced stem cell therapy trial in RA in the world, and completing the enrollment on time confirms our leadership position in the field. We anticipate reporting the results of the study no later than April 2013."

About Cx611 for rheumatoid arthritisCx611 is a suspension of expanded allogeneic adult stem cells derived from human adipose (fat) tissue (expanded Adipose derived Stem Cells or 'eASCs') that is delivered through intra-venous injection for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The objective of the Phase IIa trial is to determine safety, feasibility, tolerance, and optimal dosing. This multicentre, placebo-controlled study has enrolled 53 patients, divided in 3 cohorts with different dosing regimens. There are 23 centers open and the company expects the final results to be available in the first half of 2013.

About TiGenixTiGenix NV (EURONEXT:TIG) is a leading European cell therapy company with a marketed product for cartilage repair, ChondroCelect, and a strong pipeline with clinical stage allogeneic adult stem cell programs for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. TiGenix is based out of Leuven (Belgium) and has operations in Madrid (Spain), and Sittard-Geleen (the Netherlands). For more information please visit http://www.tigenix.com.

Forward-looking informationThis document may contain forward-looking statements and estimates with respect to the anticipated future performance of TiGenix and the market in which it operates. Certain of these statements, forecasts and estimates can be recognised by the use of words such as, without limitation, "believes", "anticipates", "expects", "intends", "plans", "seeks", "estimates", "may", "will" and "continue" and similar expressions. They include all matters that are not historical facts. Such statements, forecasts and estimates are based on various assumptions and assessments of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which were deemed reasonable when made but may or may not prove to be correct. Actual events are difficult to predict and may depend upon factors that are beyond TiGenix' control. Therefore, actual results, the financial condition, performance or achievements of TiGenix, or industry results, may turn out to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such statements, forecasts and estimates. Given these uncertainties, no representations are made as to the accuracy or fairness of such forward-looking statements, forecasts and estimates. Furthermore, forward-looking statements, forecasts and estimates only speak as of the date of the publication of this document. TiGenix disclaims any obligation to update any such forward-looking statement, forecast or estimates to reflect any change in TiGenix' expectations with regard thereto, or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement, forecast or estimate is based, except to the extent required by Belgian law.

See the article here:
TiGenix Completes Patient Enrollment in Phase IIa Rheumatoid Arthritis Study

Recommendation and review posted by simmons

CLEARWATER, FL--(Marketwire -08/07/12)- Biostem U.S., Corporation (HAIR) (HAIR) (Biostem, the Company), a fully reporting public company in the stem cell regenerative medicine sciences sector, announced the appointment of Marina Pizarro, M.D. to its Scientific and Medical Board of Advisors (SAMBA). Chief Executive Officer Dwight Brunoehler stated, "The addition of Dr. Pizarro to Scientific and Medical Board of Advisors rounds out our team with expertise in the field of hair re-growth using stem cells. We look forward to her interaction with the members to help advance the Company's mission to improve the quality and longevity of life for all mankind through the use of ethically sourced stem cells."

Dr. Pizarro is currently the Medical Director for Biostem U.S. as well as their trainer for the Company's hair re-growth Affiliate Program. As the company accepts qualified affiliate physicians to administer The Biostem Method of hair re-growth throughout the United States, Dr. Pizarro will oversee their training at her Orlando, Florida location, where she is currently accepting patients. Dr. Pizarro will begin offering the Biostem Method in her Tampa and Jacksonville, Florida offices in the coming months. She will also assist in overseeing the set-up of another training facility overseas as the company expands its Medical Affiliate Program internationally.

Dr. Marina Pizarro holds the distinction of being the first female hair transplant physician in the industry and belongs to the elite group of surgeons who have performed over 30,000 hair transplant procedures in their careers. She received her medical degree from Ponce School of Medicine in Puerto Rico in 1985. After completing her residency in Orlando, Dr. Pizarro worked with world renowned hair transplant surgeon Dr. Constantine Chambers building one of the largest hair restoration practices in history. After five years, and after having performed thousands of procedures around the world while lecturing at hair restoration conventions, Dr. Pizarro opened her first two facilities in Orlando and Jacksonville, Florida in 1994, specializing in hair transplantation for both men and women. She currently has three facilities in Florida with the addition of her clinic in Tampa. Dr. Pizarro is a member of The International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery and the European Society of Hair Restoration Surgery.

About Biostem U.S. Corporation

Biostem U.S., Corporation (HAIR) (HAIR) is a fully reporting Nevada corporation with offices in Clearwater, Florida. Biostem U.S. is a technology licensing company with proprietary technology centered on providing hair re-growth using human stem cells. The company also intends to train and license selected physicians to provide Regenerative Cellular Therapy treatments to assist the body's natural approach to healing tendons, ligaments, joints and muscle injuries by using the patient's own stem cells. Biostem U.S. is seeking to expand its operations worldwide through licensing of its proprietary technology and acquisition of existing stem cell related facilities. The company's goal is to operate in the international biotech market, focusing on the rapidly growing regenerative medicine field, using ethically sourced adult stem cells to improve the quality and longevity of life for all mankind.

The company's Board of Directors is headed by Chairman, Scott Crutchfield, who also acts as Senior Vice President of World Wide Operations for Crocs, Inc. (CROX) and includes Crocs, Inc. original member, Steve Beck.

More information on Biostem U.S., Corporation can be obtained through http://www.biostemus.com or by contacting Fox Communications Group at 310-974-6821.

Excerpt from:
Biostem U.S., Corporation Appoints Marina Pizarro, M.D. to Scientific and Medical Board of Advisors (SAMBA)

Recommendation and review posted by sam

Public release date: 7-Aug-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Jia Liu liujia@genomics.cn BGI Shenzhen

August 7, 2012, Shenzhen, China BGI Tech Solutions Co., LTD, also referred to as "BGI Tech" and BGI Ark Biotechnology Co., LTD. (BAB), a biotechnology company dedicated to large scale production of transgenic and cloned animals, today announced that they have jointly developed an advanced transgenic mice platform for boosting human diseases and medical research, with the advantages of improved efficiency, high positive rate, available sex determination, fast turnaround time, and low cost.

In contrast to traditional transgenic techniques, the platform could provide more comprehensive technical services to efficiently generate transgenic mice for researchers worldwide. It covers a wide range of techniques and services, including DNA microinjection, blastocyst injection and tetraploid complementation assay, gene knockin, gene knockout and conditional gene knockout, targeting vector construction, embryo cryopreservation, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer, among others.

Transgenic mice serve as important models for embryonic development and disease pathogenesis research, and their use has dramatically increased for the past two decades. The mice and cell lines derived from them have also accelerated basic research by allowing scientists to relate functions to genes, dissect genetic pathways, and manipulate the cellular or biochemical properties of proteins.

"Based on the handmade cloning and sperm-mediated technologies, we could provide more efficient and economic access to transgenic mice and related research." said, Dr. Yutao Du, Director of BAB, and Vice President of BGI, "We have established a SPF-level facility covering 160 square meters, which could house more than 2,000 mice. The platform also has equipped with the full set of professional experimental equipment and a number of technical experts." she added.

With the high-throughput sequencing platform and profound experience in genomics, BGI Tech in addition provides solutions for gene detection, transgenic mice construction and gene function evaluation. Na Liu, Director of Product Management at BGI Tech, said, "There are significant research and commercial needs for a large scale transgenic mouse platform. We not only can provide the excellent transgenic tech support, but also work with researchers to design professional and personalized solutions. The combination of transgenic technology and high throughput sequencing technology will become an inevitable trend for genetic engineering and make great improvement in biomedical research and applications."

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About BGI Ark Biotechnology Co., LTD.

BGI Ark Biotechnology Co., LTD. (BAB), affiliated to BGI, is a high-tech enterprise, mainly focusing on mass production of transgenic and cloned animals. Based on a core technology named Handmade Cloning (HMC), BAB has established a reliable and efficient standard production system, including vector construction, screening of genetically modified cell lines, reconstruction of cloned embryos, embryo transfer, etc. Compared with traditional cloning, the benefits of handmade cloning are great. Low equipment costs, a simple and rapid procedure and a higher in vitro efficiency are valuable for large scale research in medical and agricultural sciences.

See the article here:
BGI Tech and BAB jointly develop transgenic mice platform for biomedical research

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Public release date: 7-Aug-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Jenny Eriksen Leary jenny.eriksen@bmc.org 617-638-6841 Boston University Medical Center

(Boston) Investigators at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) and Veterans Affairs (VA) Boston Healthcare System have identified a new gene linked to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The findings, published online in Molecular Psychiatry, indicate that a gene known to play a role in protecting brain cells from the damaging effects of stress may also be involved in the development of PTSD.

The article reports the first positive results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of PTSD and suggests that variations in the retinoid-related orphan receptor alpha (RORA) gene are linked to the development of PTSD.

Mark W. Miller, PhD, associate professor at BUSM and a clinical research psychologist in the National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System was the study's principal investigator. Mark Logue, PhD, research assistant professor at BUSM and Boston University School of Public Health and Clinton Baldwin, PhD, professor at BUSM, were co-first authors of the paper.

PTSD is a psychiatric disorder defined by serious changes in cognitive, emotional, behavioral and psychological functioning that can occur in response to a psychologically traumatic event. Previous studies have estimated that approximately eight percent of the U.S. population will develop PTSD in their lifetime. That number is significantly greater among combat veterans where as many as one out of five suffer symptoms of the disorder.

Previous GWAS studies have linked the RORA gene to other psychiatric conditions, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, autism and depression.

"Like PTSD, all of these conditions have been linked to alterations in brain functioning, so it is particularly interesting that one of the primary functions of RORA is to protect brain cells from the damaging effects of oxidative stress, hypoxia and inflammation," said Miller.

Participants in the study were approximately 500 male and female veterans and their intimate partners, all of whom had experienced trauma and approximately half of whom had PTSD. The majority of the veterans had been exposed to trauma related to their military experience whereas their intimate partners had experienced trauma related to other experiences, such as sexual or physical assault, serious accidents, or the sudden death of a loved one. Each participant was interviewed by a trained clinician, and DNA was extracted from samples of their blood.

The DNA analysis examined approximately 1.5 million genetic markers for signs of association with PTSD and revealed a highly significant association with a variant (rs8042149) in the RORA gene. The researchers then looked for evidence of replication using data from the Detroit Neighborhood Health Study where they also found a significant, though weaker, association between RORA and PTSD.

See the rest here:
BUSM/VA Boston Healthcare System investigators identify new gene linked to PTSD

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Public release date: 7-Aug-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Jennifer Quigley jquigley@liebertpub.com 914-740-2100 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News

New Rochelle, NY, August 7, 2012The body's natural reaction to reject replacement proteins represents a major obstacle to the successful use of gene therapy to cure a range of life-threatening diseases. A novel method that uses the body's own immune cells to induce tolerance to a specific protein was shown to suppress the rejection response, as described in an article in Human Gene Therapy, a peer-reviewed journal from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. (http://www.liebertpub.com). The article is available free online at the Human Gene Therapy (http://www.liebertpub.com/hum) website.

"A major limitation of protein and gene therapeutics is the associated immune responses which can cause toxicity and diminish efficacy," says James M. Wilson, MD, PhD, Editor-in-Chief, and Director of the Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia. "This clever use of immune modulators may prevent these untoward immune responses from happening."

Exposing a type of immune cell called dendritic cells to a specific therapeutic protein in the presence of immune-stimulating chemicals called cytokines leads to the creation of tolerogenic dendritic cells. These cells, when introduced into mice that are then given gene therapy designed to deliver the therapeutic protein of interest, allow the mice to tolerate, and not reject, the therapeutic protein.

Current approaches to induce partial or full tolerance to proteins replaced via gene therapy are expensive and are unsuccessful in as many as 40% of cases. The method described in this article by Gautam Sule and colleagues from Baylor College of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Houston, TX, offers advantages to support the long-term success of gene therapies. The authors report their findings in "Cytokine-Conditioned Dendritic Cells Induce Humoral Tolerance to Protein Therapy in Mice."

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(http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/hum.2011.225)

About the Journal

Human Gene Therapy (http://www.liebertpub.com/hum), the Official Journal of the European Society of Gene and Cell Therapy, British Society for Gene and Cell Therapy, French Society of Cell and Gene Therapy, German Society of Gene Therapy, and five other gene therapy societies is an authoritative peer-reviewed journal published monthly in print and online that presents reports on the transfer and expression of genes in mammals, including humans. Related topics include improvements in vector development, delivery systems, and animal models, particularly in the areas of cancer, heart disease, viral disease, genetic disease, and neurological disease, as well as ethical, legal, and regulatory issues related to the gene transfer in humans. Tables of contents and a free sample issue may be viewed online at the Human Gene Therapy (http://www.liebertpub.com/hum) website.

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Method to prevent rejection of disease-fighting proteins described in Human Gene Therapy journal

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Public release date: 7-Aug-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: John Sterling jsterling@genengnews.com 914-740-2196 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News

New Rochelle, NY, August 6, 2012Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News (http://www.genengnews.com) (GEN) has launched a unique microsite called Biotech Boulevard (http://www.genengnews.com/biotechblvr). Biotech Boulevard features entrepreneurial biotechnology firms that are already making their mark on the global bioindustry. Many of these promising young companies are engaged in the discovery of novel therapeutics; others are developing new tools and technologies to support biotech activities ranging from early-stage R&D to biomanufacturing.

Each Biotech Boulevard listing includes a company name, website, logo, and short description of the company's field of focus. "Biotech Boulevard allows our website visitors to discover, invest, and collaborate," said John Sterling, Editor-in-Chief, GEN. "Company listings will be updated regularly."

"Biotech Boulevard is another GEN innovation that enables business growth in biotech," added Mary Ann Liebert, GEN publisher and president and CEO of Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. "And we are the best at that."

If you would like your company to be considered for possible inclusion in Biotech Boulevard, please email your company name and website to jsterling@genengnews.com

###

Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News (http://www.genengnews.com), which is published 21 times a year by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. (http://www.liebertpub.com), is the most widely read biotechnology news magazine worldwide. It includes articles on Drug Discovery, Bioprocessing, OMICS, Biobusiness, and Translational Medicine.

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

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Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News unveils 'Biotech Boulevard'

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Lawrence LeBlond for redOrbit.com Your Universe Online

Fainting is a fairly common occurrence in our society and about 25 percent of us will experience it at some point in our life. And now, a new study has found that there is a strong link between fainting and family. Studying identical and fraternal twins, researchers from Australia and the US suggest people who are predisposed to fainting get it through genetics.

Described as a sudden, brief loss of consciousness after blood pressure drops from the brain, fainting normally occurs due to an internal factor dehydration, heart problems, etc. But sometimes, black outs occur to some kind of out-of-body trigger, such as the sight of blood or after emotional distress. This type of fainting is known as vasovagal syncope.

Typically, fainting itself is not considered dangerous. Most people usually wake up a few seconds after they pass out. The dangerous part comes when they fall and possibly suffer an injury in the process.

The question of whether fainting is caused by genetic factors, environmental factors or a mixture of both has been the subject of debate, said study author Samuel F. Berkovic, MD, FRS, of the University of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia, and a member of the American Academy of Neurology.

Publishing the findings Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology, researchers questioned 51 sets of twins of the same gender between the ages of 9 and 69, of which at least one had a history of fainting. The team also gathered information about family history of fainting. They discovered that 57 percent of the twins in the study reported having typical fainting triggers.

Berkovic and colleagues found that among twins where one fainted, identical twins were nearly twice as likely to both faint compared to fraternal twins. The risk of fainting due to internal factors was also much higher in the identical twins than in the fraternal twins. The identical twins were much more likely to both experience fainting associated with typical triggers as well. In non-twin relatives, frequency of fainting was low, suggesting the way fainting is inherited does not rely on a single gene.

Our results suggest that while fainting appears to have a strong genetic component, there may be multiple genes and multiple environmental factors that influence the phenomenon, said Berkovic.

Simply put, there is now strong evidence that a simple faint, for example, one caused by sight of blood, fear, or unpleasant thoughts, can have a genetic component, Ezriel Kornel, MD, a neurologist at Northern Westchester Hospital in Mount Kisco, New York, told Brenda Goodman at WebMD.

Berkovic noted that even though identical twins were more likely to report outside triggers for their spells, it wasnt always the same trigger for both twins.

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Fainting Studies Conducted In Twins Show Strong Genetic Ties

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Public release date: 6-Aug-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Mike Sepanic msepanic@camden.rutgers.edu 856-225-6026 Rutgers University

CAMDEN A top national award for promising research scientists has been presented to Princeton resident Nir Yakoby, an assistant professor of biology at Rutgers UniversityCamden.

Yakoby has received a prestigious CAREER Award from the National Science Foundation. The five-year, $686,544 award, which is reviewed and renewed annually based on the scientific progress of the project, supports the RutgersCamden researcher's project "Dynamics and Diversity of Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling in Epithelial Cells."

The grant will allow Yakoby and his research lab team to study the processes that occur during the time that cells decide what to become. RutgersCamden student researchers will join Yakoby in using the fruit fly Drosophila as an experimental system to study how very similar layers of cells produce different numbers of tubes. Through this work, the RutgersCamden researcher will seek to understand how changes in the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signal create different morphologies.

In explaining his research, Yakoby posits the following questions: "Why do we have two arms and two legs and not three of each? Why do we have five fingers and not six?" The RutgersCamden researcher seeks to find those answers by examining the signals and processes that advise cells as they form organs.

"These questions are particularly intriguing since the cells in the human body all contain the same genetic information. However, the clear cells in the eyes' corneas are obviously very different from the cells that secrete insulin in the pancreas," notes Yakoby.

A major goal of the NSF CAREER Award is to integrate academic teaching with research in the lab. RutgersCamden students will participate in this research.

In the Yakoby Lab, RutgersCamden students use the fruit fly Drosophila as an experimental system to study how a layer of cells in the fly ovaries form an eggshell. The eggshell protects the developing embryo from the dry environment while allowing for respiration through tube-like snorkels called dorsal appendages (DAs). Just as animals have different numbers of fingers, the numbers of the eggshells' respiratory tubes differ among Drosophila species. Thus, the eggshell provides a unique opportunity to study how very similar layers of cells produce different numbers of tubes.

In humans, a signal named the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) is necessary to define the development of fingers. The same signal controls the formation of the DAs on the Drosophila eggshell. Through his CAREER Award, Yakoby proposes to study how changes in the BMP signal allow for the formation of different numbers of DAs. Since the BMP signal is highly conserved between Drosophila and humans, understanding how changes in this signal create different morphologies will help to understand tissue pathologies and developmental defects which are associated with mal-regulation of the BMP signal.

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Rutgers-Camden genetics researcher receives NSF CAREER Award

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

LOS ANGELES, Aug. 7, 2012 /PRNewswire/ --Response Genetics, Inc. (RGDX), a company focused on the development and commercialization of molecular diagnostic tests for cancer, will announce its second quarter financial results and give an operational update in a press release to be issued before the market opens on Tuesday, August 14, 2012. The company will host a conference call that same day at 10:00 a.m. EDT to discuss its financial results.

Conference Call Details

To access the conference call by phone on August 14 at 10:00 a.m. EDT, dial (800) 537-0745 or (253) 237-1142 for international participants. A telephone replay will be available beginning approximately two hours after the call through August 21, 2012 and may be accessed by dialing (855) 859-2056 or (404) 537-3406. The conference passcode for both the live call and replay is 18367261.

To access the live and archived webcast of the conference call, go to the Investor Relations section of the company's Web site at http://investor.responsegenetics.com. It is advised that participants connect at least 15 minutes prior to the call to allow for any software downloads that might be necessary.

About Response Genetics, Inc.

Response Genetics Inc. (the "Company") is a CLIA-certified clinical laboratory focused on the development and sale of molecular diagnostic tests for cancer. The Company's principal customers include oncologists, pathologists and hospitals. In addition to diagnostic testing services, the Company generates revenue from the sale of its analytical testing services of clinical trial specimens to the pharmaceutical industry. The Company's headquarters is located in Los Angeles, California. For additional information, please visit http://www.responsegenetics.com.

Forward-Looking Statement Notice

Except for the historical information contained herein, this press release and the statements of representatives of the Company related thereto contain or may contain, among other things, certain forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

Such forward-looking statements involve significant risks and uncertainties. Such statements may include, without limitation, statements with respect to the Company's plans, objectives, projections, expectations and intentions, such as the ability of the Company to continue to provide clinical testing services to the medical community, to continue to expand its sales force, to continue to build its digital pathology initiative, to attract and retain qualified management, to strengthen marketing capabilities, to expand the suite of ResponseDX products, to continue to provide clinical trial support to pharmaceutical clients, to enter into new collaborations with pharmaceutical clients, to enter into new areas such as companion diagnostics, to continue to execute on its business strategy and operations, to continue to analyze cancer samples, and the potential for using the results of this research to develop diagnostic tests for cancer, the usefulness of genetic information to tailor treatment to patients, and other statements identified by words such as "projects," "may," "could," "would," "should," "believes," "expects," "anticipates," "estimates," "intends," "plans" or similar expressions.

These statements are based upon the current beliefs and expectations of the Company's management and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties, including those detailed in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Actual results, including, without limitation, actual sales results, if any, or the application of funds, may differ from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve certain risks and uncertainties that are subject to change based on various factors (many of which are beyond the Company's control). The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update forward-looking statements, whether because of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

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Response Genetics, Inc. to Release Second Quarter Financial Results and Host Conference Call on August 14, 2012

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

BETHLEHEM, Pa., Aug. 6, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Saladax Biomedical, Inc., a privately held company developing and commercializing novel diagnostic assays to achieve the promise of personalized medicine for new and existing therapeutics, announced today the company has expanded its existing relationship with Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (BMY) by entering into a Master Early Development Collaboration Agreement, which may include multiple feasibility studies and companion diagnostic development projects. With the signing of this agreement, the companies have already initiated a new companion diagnostic project in an undisclosed field. Terms of the agreement were not disclosed.

"Saladax is delighted to continue working with Bristol-Myers Squibb to deliver on the promise of personalized medicine," said Kevin M. Harter, president and CEO of Saladax. "Building on our previous work together, which resulted in clinically valuable Alzheimer's disease assays, we're eager to continue marrying the scientific and clinical knowledge of Bristol-Myers Squibb and Saladax to improve the lives of patients in other clinical areas."

Saladax and Bristol-Myers Squibb originally entered into a collaboration in 2010 for the development of clinical diagnostic tests for Alzheimer's disease to be used in conjunction with the development of certain therapeutic compounds in the Bristol-Myers Squibb pipeline. In 2011, that partnership was expanded to include a commercial partner, Johnson & Johnson's Ortho Clinical Division.

About Saladax Biomedical, Inc.

Saladax Biomedical develops novel diagnostic assays for the practical delivery of personalized medicine. Our proprietary line of MyCare assays improves the efficacy of existing drugs by optimizing the dose administered for each individual patient. Saladax's initial focus is oncology, with a portfolio of 13 chemotherapy drug assays in various stages of development. Three MyCare assays, My5- FU, MyPaclitaxel and MyDocetaxel, are currently offered to the oncology community in some markets.

The company's MyCare technology platform is broad and flexible, enabling wide application in many therapeutic categories. This technology capability also enables Saladax to serve as a valuable partner to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies in the development of companion diagnostics (CDx), addressing multiple risks and challenges encountered in drug development.

The company was founded in 2004 and is headquartered in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Saladax is ISO 13485:2003 certified.

Saladax Biomedical, Inc.

Kevin M. Harter

President and Chief Executive Officer

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Saladax Biomedical Enters into Master Collaboration Agreement with Bristol-Myers Squibb

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CANTON, Mass., Aug. 6, 2012 /PRNewswire/ --Organogenesis Inc., a commercial leader in the field of regenerative medicine, is announcing Symone Isaac-Wilkins as the winner of its annual college scholarship. The award honors the achievement of a graduating Canton High School senior interested in pursuing a career in medicine, life sciences research or biomedical engineering.

(Photo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20120806/NE52040)

Symone, who graduated among the top in her class with a GPA of 4.57, is attending Harvard University this fall to study neurobiology. An accomplished student, Symone has been active in many extra-curricular activities, including serving as team captain of Canton High School's Mock Trial, the president of the Canton High School Science Club and a Link Crew leader in mentoring freshmen. Symone was also recognized by the National Honor Society and Spanish National Honor Society.

"Organogenesis is proud to support future scientists from Canton, especially driven and talented students like Symone," said Gary Gillheeney, Sr., Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Organogenesis. "We have high hopes that Symone's achievements will inspire other students considering careers in life sciences."

The Organogenesis Scholarship of $2,500.00 is awarded on the basis of academic achievement and content of an essay, "How do you see yourself contributing to the future of the Life Sciences?" In her essay, Symone discussed her interest in the field of brain research. Her career goal is to become a research doctor, where she hopes to contribute to the field by improving teaching methods through stored memory improvements, and ultimately discovering how to prevent Alzheimer's Disease.

About Canton High SchoolCanton High School is located at 900 Washington Street in Canton, MA. The facility completed a major building renovation in 2007 that included a substantial increase in instructional technology. The mission of Canton High School is to educate all students in a challenging, safe, disciplined, creative and nurturing atmosphere to become lifelong learners whose achievements and contributions are a credit to themselves and to society. Canton High School's science department offers courses in biological, chemical, and physical science and applied technology. In addition, elective courses are offered in several areas of science and technology. The newly launched Canton High School Externship Program places students with local companies to gain practical career experience.

About Organogenesis Inc.Having pioneered the field, Massachusetts-based Organogenesis Inc. is a world leading regenerative medicine company focused in the areas of bio-active wound healing and oral regeneration. The company's mission is to bring the medical marvel of regenerative medicine products to patients and to standardize their use in everyday medical care. For more information, visit http://www.organogenesis.com.

CONTACT:Angelyn Lowe (781) 830-2353 alowe@organo.com

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Organogenesis Announces Annual College Scholarship Award Winner

Recommendation and review posted by sam

Sigma-Aldrich Corporation (SIAL) recently announced that Sigma Advanced Genetic Engineering (:SAGE) Labs, an initiative of Sigma Life Science, has extended its partnership with Autism Speaks to develop the first rat models with modified autism associated genes to enhance discovery and translational autism research. Autism Speaks is the biggest autism science and advocacy organization in the U.S.

Extension of the existing partnership between Sigma and Autism Speaks was on the heels of some behavioral studies, which revealed that the first two publicly available gene-knockout rats display unique characteristics of autism like social deficits and repetitive behaviors. Autism Spectrum Disorder can be experimented on animals to better study its cause and treat the individuals suffering from the disorder. SAGE labs and Autism Speaks are set to generate genetically modified rat models of key autism-associated genes, including CNTNAP2 and MET. CNTNAP2 and MET are knockout rat lines and are expected to be available in 2013. The expanded collaboration will ensure that new models are developed and are made available to speed up the translational research continuum.

Sigma Life Science is the biological products and services arm of Sigma-Aldrich Corporation. Sigma-Aldrich, a life-science and specialty chemical company, released its second-quarter 2012 earnings last month.

The company posted adjusted earnings of 97 cents per share in the quarter, in line with the Zacks Consensus Estimate but ahead of the year-ago earnings of 93 cents per share. Profit, as reported, marginally increased to $115 million or 94 cents per share in the quarter from $113 million or 91 cents a year ago.

Revenues came in at $664 million in the quarter, up 4% year over year but below the Zacks Consensus Estimate of $673 million. Acquisitions contributed 6% to the growth while foreign exchange translation had an unfavorable impact of 5%. The company saw growth across its Research Chemicals and Fine Chemicals (SAFC) divisions.

Moving ahead, Sigma-Aldrich expects organic growth to be in low-to-mid single digits in 2012, down from the earlier expectation of mid single-digits. Macroeconomic uncertainties may hinder its Research Chemicals business whereas growth in Bioscience and Hitech is expected to drive SAFC sales for the remainder of the year. The acquisitions of BioReliance and Research Organics are expected to boost sales by 6%.

Sigma-Aldrich currently maintains a Zacks #4 Rank, which translates into a short-term (1 to 3 months) Sell rating. We have a long-term Neutral recommendation on the stock.

Zacks Investment Research

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Sigma Expands Autism Collaboration

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Youre at the supermarket doing your grocery shopping. As you move up and down the aisles, you notice something different: new labels on several of your staple food items. Pasta, cereal, chips, sweet corn and yellow squash all now have a distinct marking that says either genetically engineered or partially produced with genetic engineering.

How might this change your food choices?

In November, voters will have a chance to decide whether such information must be labeled on food products under Proposition 37. If passed, it would be the first such law in the U.S.

We dont know how or if it will change consumers approach to eating, said Lori Sinsley, deputy director of the California Right to Know Campaign. They can use the labels to make more informed choices about what they eat, which is how a market is supposed to work.

Genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, are crops that have had their DNA artificially altered with genes from plants, animals, viruses or bacteria. This type of genetic modification occurs in a laboratory and cannot be found in nature, Sinsley said.

Many processed foods are made with genetically engineered ingredients whether shoppers know it or not. Processed items commonly contain genetically modified corn, sweet corn, soy and canola. Even common produce items such as yellow squash, zucchini and papaya are genetically modified, as well as other crops such as cotton.

It is our fundamental right to know what is in our food, said Zuri Allen, social media coordinator for both Right to Know and the Organic Consumers Association. Its as American as apple pie.

There are exemptions in the initiative food derived entirely from an animal that hasnt been genetically engineered itself, regardless of the animals possible consumption of genetically modified foods; alcoholic beverages; and food intended for immediate consumption (as in restaurants). Producers of foods that are fully or partially genetically engineered and are not exempt would not be able to advertise their products as natural or naturally made.

I have children and I know that I have a right to know what Im buying and feeding to my family, said Susan Lang, a volunteer for Right to Know and co-leader of the Sacramento County group Label GMOs. California voters really need to ask themselves why the opposition doesnt want them to know whats in their food.

While genetic engineering can sound scary, its important to know that these foods are not made in a lab, said Stop the Costly Food Labeling Proposition spokeswoman Kathy Fairbanks. The seeds are genetically altered to use water more efficiently and resist pests. Some foods, such as the papaya, are genetically engineered to survive devastating diseases.

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Difficult choices in the produce aisle

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Newswise August 6, 2012 (Bronx, NY) A new genetic analysis focusing on Jews from North Africa has provided an overall genetic map of the Jewish Diasporas. The findings support the historical record of Middle Eastern Jews settling in North Africa during Classical Antiquity, proselytizing and marrying local populations, and, in the process, forming distinct populations that stayed largely intact for more than 2,000 years. The study, led by researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, was published online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Our new findings define North African Jews, complete the overall population structure for the various groups of the Jewish Diaspora, and enhance the case for a biological basis for Jewishness, said study leader Harry Ostrer, M.D., professor of pathology, of genetics and of pediatrics at Einstein and director of genetic and genomic testing for the division of clinical pathology at Montefiore Medical Center. Dr. Ostrer noted that obtaining a comprehensive genetic fingerprint of various Jewish subpopulations can help reveal genetic links to heart disease, cancer, diabetes and other common diseases.

In a previous genetic analysis, the researchers showed that modern-day Sephardic (Greek and Turkish), Ashkenazi (Eastern European) and Mizrahi (Iranian, Iraqi and Syrian) Jews that originated in Europe and the Middle East are more related to each other than to their contemporary non-Jewish neighbors, with each group forming its own cluster within the larger Jewish population. Further, each group demonstrated Middle-Eastern ancestry and varying degrees of mixing with surrounding populations. Two of the major Jewish populationsMiddle Eastern and European Jewswere found to have diverged from each other approximately 2,500 years ago.

The current study extends that analysis to North African Jewsthe second largest Jewish Diaspora group. Their relatedness to each other, to other Jewish Diaspora groups, and to their non-Jewish North African neighbors had not been well defined. The study also included members of Jewish communities in Ethiopia, Yemen and Georgia. In all, the researchers analyzed the genetic make-up of 509 Jews from 15 populations along with genetic data on 114 individuals from seven North African non-Jewish populations.

North African Jews exhibited a high degree of endogamy, or marriage within their own religious and cultural group in accordance with custom. Two major subgroups within this overall population were identified: Moroccan/Algerian Jews and Djerban (Tunisian)/Libyan Jews. The two subgroups varied in their degree of European mixture, with Moroccan/Algerian Jews tending to be more related to Europeansmost likely stemming from the expulsion of Sephardic Jews from Spain during the Inquisition, starting in 1492. Ethiopian and Yemenite Jewish populations also formed distinctive genetically linked clusters, as did Georgian Jews .

Dr. Ostrers paper is titled, North African Jewish and non-Jewish populations form distinctive, orthogonal clusters. Additional Einstein contributors include: Christopher Campbell, Gil Atzmon, Ph.D., Carole Oddoux, Ph.D., Alexander Pearlman, Ph.D., and Edward R. Burns, M.D. Other contributors include: Pier Francesco Palamara and Itsik Pe'er, Ph.D. (Columbia University, New York, NY); Laura Rodrguez-Botigu and David Comas Martnez (Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain); Marc Fellous, M.D., Ph.D. (Cochin Institute, Inserm, Paris, France); Li Hao, Ph.D. (University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ); Brenna Henn, Ph.D., and Carlos Bustamante (Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA); Maya Dubrovsky and Eitan Friedman, M.D., Ph.D (Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel).

The research was supported by grants from the Lewis and Rachel Rudin Foundation; the Iranian-American Jewish Federation of New York; the U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation; National Cancer Institute (CA121852) of the National Institutes of Health; and Ruth and Sidney Lapidus.

###

About Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University

Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University is one of the nations premier centers for research, medical education and clinical investigation. During the 2011-2012 academic year, Einstein is home to 724 M.D. students, 248 Ph.D. students, 117 students in the combined M.D./Ph.D. program, and 368 postdoctoral research fellows. The College of Medicine has 2,522 full time faculty members located on the main campus and at its clinical affiliates. In 2011, Einstein received nearly $170 million in awards from the NIH. This includes the funding of major research centers at Einstein in diabetes, cancer, liver disease, and AIDS. Other areas where the College of Medicine is concentrating its efforts include developmental brain research, neuroscience, cardiac disease, and initiatives to reduce and eliminate ethnic and racial health disparities. Its partnership with Montefiore Medical Center, the University Hospital and academic medical center for Einstein, advances clinical and translational research to accelerate the pace at which new discoveries become the treatments and therapies that benefit patients. Through its extensive affiliation network involving Montefiore, Jacobi Medical Center Einsteins founding hospital, and five other hospital systems in the Bronx, Manhattan, Long Island and Brooklyn, Einstein runs one of the largest post-graduate medical training programs in the United States, offering approximately 155 residency programs to more than 2,200 physicians in training. For more information, please visit http://www.einstein.yu.edu and follow us on Twitter @EinsteinMed.

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New Study Defines the Genetic Map of the Jewish Diasporas

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North African Jews are more closely related to Jews from other parts of the world than they are to most of their non-Jewish neighbors in North Africa, a study has found.

Furthermore, their DNA carries a record of their migrations over the centuries: Some bits trace back to the Middle Eastern peoples thought to have migrated to North Africa more than 2,000 years ago, while other bits are linked to Spanish and Portuguese Jews who fled to North Africa after their expulsion from the Iberian Peninsula in the late 15th century, the study's authors said.

The discovery falls in line with other research showing that Jewish people from Europe and the Middle East share more DNA with one another than they do with outside groups, said Dr. Harry Ostrer, a medical geneticist at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York and lead author of the report, published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

"Jews tend to be more related to one another than they are to non-Jews, including non-Jews living nearby it's true in every region," he said.

Ostrer's earlier work had mainly focused on DNA samples collected from American Jews. Hoping to "catch up" and present a more complete picture of Jewish history and diversity, he and his colleagues analyzed DNA samples from 145 people of North African Jewish origin from Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Djerba (an island off the Tunisian coast) and Libya.

Comparing the collected DNA with genetic data from a variety of other Jewish and non-Jewish groups, they found that the North African populations clearly had genetic patterns more similar to European and Middle Eastern Jews than non-Jewish people currently living in the region. The data indicate that, once established in their communities, Jews in this region did not often intermarry with non-Jewish neighbors.

The scientists also saw that North African Jews formed two major subgroups: Moroccan and Algerian Jews shared more DNA with European Jews than was seen for Tunisian, Djerban and Libyan Jews.

This is probably because Jews living in Western Africa intermarried with Sephardic Jews who fled there after their expulsion from Spain and Portugal in the late 15th century, the researchers wrote.

Yeshiva University historian Lawrence Schiffman said the results lined up nicely with the historical record.

"It's exciting to see that what we know from the history books is turning out to be real in the genetics," he said.

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Genetics study of North African Jews tells migratory tale

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A Waikato farmer is demanding compensation after a genetic mutation in a commercial breeding bull created unusually hairy calves that are getting into water troughs to cool off.

The organisation that provided the bull semen, Hamilton-based dairy genetics company Livestock Improvement (LIC), said it would not pay compensation as the genetic mutation is ''naturally occurring'', meaning it did not result from anything LIC did.

If it was liable and did pay compensation, LIC says it could be exposed for nearly $2 million.

South Waikato farmer Craig Littin is one of about 900 affected farmers nationwide, including about 400 farmers in the Waikato. About 1500 calves, all heifers, are understood to be affected, as carriers of the genetic mutation.

Littin said he had 10 defective calves bred from semen bought from LIC.

The defective semen is from a holstein-friesian bull called Matrix, by a holstein-friesian sire called Halcyon.

"The Matrix calves have come out really funny. They are extremely hairy and are doing really strange things, like sitting in water troughs to try and control their body temperature," Littin said.

The Lichfield dairy farmer, who runs a cross-bred herd, said LIC should pay him full compensation for the defective animals.

LIC confirmed there was a genetic mutation in Matrix, inherited from its sire, which has affected about half the female calves bred from the Matrix semen.

LIC also confirmed the traits from the mutation, which include excessive hairiness and a lack of heat tolerance. It has received about 40 complaints from farmers.

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Genetics company refuses to cover defective calves

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WALTHAM, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--

Interleukin Genetics, Inc. (ILIU) announced today that it will host a conference call and Webcast on Tuesday, August 14, 2012 at 4:30 p.m. ET to discuss the Companys second quarter results.

To access the live call, dial 877-324-1976 (domestic) or 631-291-4550 (international). The live Webcast and replay access of the teleconference will be available on the Investors section of Interleukin Genetics, Inc.s Website at http://www.ilgenetics.com.

About Interleukin Genetics

Interleukin Genetics, Inc. (ILIU) develops and markets a line of genetic tests under the Inherent Health and PST brands.The products empower individuals to prevent certain chronic conditions and manage their existing health and wellness through genetic-based insights with actionable guidance. Interleukin Genetics leverages its research, intellectual property and genetic panel development expertise in metabolism and inflammation to facilitate the emerging personalized healthcare market. The Company markets its tests through partnerships with health and wellness companies, healthcare professionals and other distribution channels. Interleukin Genetics flagship products include its proprietary PST genetic risk panel for periodontal disease and tooth loss susceptibility sold through dentists, and the Inherent Health Weight Management Genetic Test that identifies the most effective diet and exercise program for an individual based on genetics. Interleukin Genetics is headquartered in Waltham, Mass. and operates an on-site, state-of-the-art DNA testing laboratory certified under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA). For more information, please visit http://www.ilgenetics.com.

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Interleukin Genetics, Inc. Announces Conference Call to Discuss Second Quarter 2012 Results

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In an effort to get FDA approval for a new cancer therapy, pharmaceutical giant Novartis is teaming with the University of Pennsylvania and investing at least $20 million in a new center to expand the university's work.

The collaboration between Novartis and Penn is expected to start in the fall with a new research and development facility, the Center for Advanced Cellular Therapies, to be established within the next year. The center's location has not yet been determined but will most likely be on Penn's campus, university officials said Sunday.

The partnership comes after a Penn team led by immunologist and gene-therapy pioneer Carl June published work last year in two major journals showing that it had genetically engineered patients' T cells - the big guns of the immune system - to recognize and attack the malignant cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and then stand guard against the disease.

Although only three patients who had failed standard therapies were treated with the designer T cells, all three went into lengthy remission. Never before in published experiments had engineered T cells multiplied - and then persisted - enough to be so effective in patients.

David Strayer, a professor of pathology at Thomas Jefferson University who has long studied gene therapy, said the Penn and Novartis agreement comes "at a time when research funding is quite difficult to garner."

The partnership is an "encouraging sign" that large pharmaceutical companies are willing to team with medical schools.

"This could be the tip of the iceberg in pharmaceutical companies' having an interest in products being designed and developed by medical schools," Strayer said.

For all their sophistication, the designer T cells - with what scientists call chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) - remain experimental. The new T cells kill both healthy and cancerous B cells, so patients' supply can be permanently depleted.

B cells, which help fight viral and bacterial infections, are not indispensable to the body. But patients who lack B cells need regular intravenous doses of immunoglobulins to reduce their chances of infection.

In an editorial in the New England Journal of Medicine, two oncologists, who called the results of the new study impressive, also warned that toxic effects, known and unknown, "could pose substantial problems."

Link:
Penn and Novartis will team on cancer research

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith

Public release date: 6-Aug-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Professor Hannes Lohi hannes.lohi@helsinki.fi 358-919-125-085 University of Helsinki

The genetics research group led by Professor Hannes Lohi, based at the University of Helsinki and the Folkhlsan Research Center, has, in collaboration with Adjunct Professor Kirsi Sainio's research group, discovered the cause of a life-threatening skeletal disorder affecting Brazilian Terriers. The disease is caused by a mutation in the GUSB gene. Malfunction of the GUSB gene has previously been linked to a severe skeletal disorder in humans, called type VII mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS VII).

The gene discovery is yet another example of a shared disease heritage between dogs and humans. Based on this study a gene test has been developed for the breed to eliminate the disease.

The study has been published in PLoS ONE journal on July 5, 2012.

Bone abnormalities are common in a group of lysosomal storage diseases, also known as mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS). Lysosomes are microscopic intracellular organelles that consist of more than 40 different degradative enzymes. They function as a cellular "cleaning system" and are responsible for example digesting foreign bacteria in the cells and destroying damaged cellular components. Functional defects in the lysosomal enzymes lead to the accumulation of a particular structural component, glycoaminoglycan, in the lysosomes, and this in turn leads to the development of skeletal disorders known as mucopolysaccharidoses.

Eleven different MPS diseases have already been found in humans. Typical features of the disease include dwarfism, skeletal abnormalities, coarse facial features, cloudy corneas and overgrowth of the internal organs.

Dogs are known for extreme structural variation, and some of these features have been intentionally bred. For example, the length of the limbs varies greatly between breeds. Besides breed-specific particularities, dogs also have serious inherited skeletal disorders, the genetic backgrounds of which are now being discovered.

The diagnosis of the skeletal disorder in Brazilian Terriers confirmed by gene discovery

A few years ago our research group was introduced to Brazilian Terrier puppies that had severe congenital skeletal abnormalities in the limbs, loose joints, facial deformities and dwarfism. The affected puppies could not move and had to be put down before the second month of life.

See the article here:
The genetic cause of a severe skeletal disease in Brazilian Terrier puppies revealed

Recommendation and review posted by Bethany Smith