Archive for January, 2020

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EDMOND, Okla. (KFOR) - Each member of The Noodle Gang is either vision or hearing impaired, and pretty soon they're going to be up for adoption.

It's a full house at the Turner home in Edmond.

"We have Ravioli. We have Ramen, Linguini, Fettuccini, and Ziti, Moria Turner said.

What makes these furry friends unique is that all of them have hearing or vision issues.

The problem? That pretty merle coat can also become a cause of bad breeding.

If you breed two merle dogs together, so if you're breeding a merle dog with another merle, their puppies have a 25% chance of being blind or deaf, Turner said.

So how do you know if both the parents have the gene?

"If you look at them, you can see the really marbly coat then yes, that's a merle, but also there could be merle hidden in a dog that doesn't even look like a merle, so really any reputable breeder would have to have genetic testing prior to breeding."

It's a problem Moria Turner didn't know about until she fostered Luna about a year ago.

"When she's at home, she'll run around and she's fine. You don't even know that she's vision impaired. When we took her out of here and out to the lake, she kept falling off the dock and she just could not maneuver around as well, Turner said.

Moria and her husband adopted Luna to make sure she could be cared for properly.

Now, Moria is making it her mission to help other animals who are blind or deaf by starting Happy Tails Animal Rescue.

"We are trying to start this rescue really to raise awareness in Oklahoma for this and kinds of show people that these dogs really are adoptable and live really happy lives, Turner said.

The Noodle Gang are all Australian shepherds and will be up for adoption soon.

For more information on adopting the puppies email Moria happytailsrescuesociety@gmail.com.

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Local rescue warns of the dangers of breeding dogs with the merle gene - KFOR Oklahoma City

The market is estimated to grow with a CAGR of 10. 8% from 2018-2025. The growth of the cannabis testing market is primarily attributed to the European government is funding cannabis education for doctors, and increasing demand for research activities for cannabis quality.

New York, Jan. 29, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reportlinker.com announces the release of the report "Europe Cannabis Testing Market to 2025 - Regional Analysis and Forecasts by Type ; Services ; End User and Country" - https://www.reportlinker.com/p05764200/?utm_source=GNW However, cannabis used as a street drug and trouble with CBD oil are likely to pose a negative impact on the market growth.

On the other hand, cannabinoid testing in Europe is likely to have a positive impact on the growth of the Europe cannabis testing market in the coming years.The growing number of countries are adopting medical cannabis laws but the governmental officials are rare that encouraging healthcare professionals to become educated about cannabis plant medicines.

On the use of cannabis in clinical practice, to instruct local healthcare providers, various cannabis experts were invited to Macedonia, in 2016.The program was held in Skopje and was supported and funded by the Macedonian Ministry of Health.

Cannabis provides the unique opportunities in Macedonia, where the medical system is in a stage of evolution and modernization. Local medical specialists are now able to prescribe cannabis in the country. Considering this, Macedonian cannabis promoters worked with local governments and created the medical cannabis training program in an effort to support doctors and their patients. Currently, the impetus of the Macedonian medical cannabis movement is moving quickly, and the public opinion on cannabis has also changed dramatically in the region. The medical marijuana resolution in the region urges the Commission and member states to address regulatory, financial and cultural barriers which burden scientific research and invite them to fund research. Thus, due to the above advancements, the cannabis testing market is expected to grow at a rapid pace during the forecast period.In 2017, the product segment held a largest market share of 73.7% of the cannabis testing market, by type. This segment is also expected to dominate the market in 2025 owing diverse portfolio of cannabis testing products to the healthcare industry for innovations in the technologies. Moreover, the same segment is also expected to witness the highest CAGR in the market accounting to 11.1% in 2018 to 2015 owing to increasing analytical services and medicinal cannabis services in testing cannabis.Europe cannabis testing market, based on services was segmented into potency testing, microbial analysis, residual solvent screening, heavy metal testing, pesticide screening, terpene profiling, and genetic testing. The potency testing segment is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 11.8% during the forecast period.The testing laboratory segment held a largest market share of 49.2% of the cannabis testing market, by end user. This segment is also expected to dominate the market in 2025 owing to increasing number of diagnostic testing performed in the reference labs for the numerous diseases.

Some of the major primary and secondary sources for cannabis testing included in the report are Federal Commission for the Protection against Sanitary Risk (COFEPRIS), Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), German Research Foundation (DFG), European Research Area (ERA), Food & Drug Administration (FDA), Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS), Medical Marijuana Regulation and Safety Act (MMRSA), Non-Governmental Organization (NGO), National Science Foundation (NSF) and others.

Reasons to BuySave and reduce time carrying out entry-level research by identifying the growth, size, leading players and segments in the cannabis testing market.

Highlights key business priorities in order to assist companies to realign their business strategies.

The key findings and recommendations highlight crucial progressive industry trends in the global cannabis testing market, thereby allowing players across the value chain to develop effective long-term strategies.

Develop/modify business expansion plans by using substantial growth offering developed and emerging markets.

Scrutinize in-depth global market trends and outlook coupled with the factors driving the market, as well as those hindering it.

Enhance the decision-making process by understanding the strategies that underpin security interest with respect to client products, segmentation, pricing and distribution.Read the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p05764200/?utm_source=GNW

About ReportlinkerReportLinker is an award-winning market research solution. Reportlinker finds and organizes the latest industry data so you get all the market research you need - instantly, in one place.

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The Europe cannabis testing market is expected to reach US$ 807.9 Mn in 2025 from US$ 361.6 Mn in 2017 - Yahoo Finance

Global Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing Market Professional Survey Report 2020This research report provides detailed insight into the global Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing Market. The study will help to get a better understanding about the Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing Market competitors, a channel for the distribution, Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing growth potential, potentially disruptive trends, Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing Market product innovations, market size value/volume (regional/country level, Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing Market segments) and market share of top players/products.

The insight has been added in the report to provide realistic overview of the industry, consist of Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing manufacturers data, i.e. shipment, price, revenue, gross profit, business distribution, etc., SWOT analysis, recent developments and trends, drivers and restrain factors, company profile, investment opportunity, demand gap analysis, forecast market services and product, Porters Forces Analysis. It presents the 360-degree overview of the competitive landscape of the industries. Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing Market is showing steady growth and CAGR is expected to improve during the forecast period.

Manufacturer Detail23andMeMyHeritageLabCorpMyriad GeneticsAncestry.comQuest DiagnosticsGene By GeneDNA Diagnostics CenterInvitaeIntelliGeneticsAmbry GeneticsLiving DNAEasyDNAPathway GenomicsCentrillion TechnologyXcodeColor GenomicsAnglia DNA ServicesAfrican AncestryCanadian DNA ServicesDNA Family CheckAlpha BiolaboratoriesTest Me DNA23 MofangGenetic HealthDNA Services of AmericaShuwen Health SciencesMapmygenomeFull Genomes

Product Type SegmentationDiagnostic ScreeningPrenatal, Newborn Screening, and Pre-Implantation DiagnosisRelationship Testing

Industry SegmentationOnlineOffline

Global Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing Market report provides you with detailed insights, industry knowledge, market forecasts and analytics. The report on the global Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing industry also clarifies economic risks and environmental compliance. Global Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing market report assists industry enthusiasts including investors and decision makers to make confident capital investments, develop strategies, optimize their business portfolio, innovate successfully and perform safely and sustainably.

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Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing Market Analysis And Overview of Global Market In Term Of Size, Share, Growth And Development 2020-2024 - Galus...

LUND, Sweden, January 28, 2020 / B3C newswire / -- SAGA Diagnostics AB, a cancer liquid biopsy and genomic testing company focused on precision oncology and non-invasive ultrasensitive monitoring of cancer patients, today announces it has entered service agreements with the international pharmaceutical company Servier, based in Paris, France.

These deals exemplify the increased demand we are experiencing for our offerings of ultrasensitive cancer analysis services and analysis kits. We are excited to be working with Servier, who continues to choose us for important translational oncology projects. Lao Saal, CEO of SAGA Diagnostics.

The collaboration will be covering a total of three preclinical/clinical studies and is scheduled to run for approximately two years. In the course of these projects, SAGA Diagnostics will be developing assays and performing liquid biopsy tests on patients from multiple Servier clinical studies using the SAGAsafe technology (formerly known as IBSAFE) to identify and quantify circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA).

SAGAsafe technology is a patented improvement of digital PCR that enables approximately 100-fold increased sensitivity compared to competitor methods, and can be used to quantify mutations in tissue samples as well as liquid biopsies such as blood plasma with unprecedented performance to a limit of detection of ~0.001% mutant allele frequency. The analyses will be run in the SAGA Diagnostics central laboratory in Lund, Sweden.

We have been impressed by the service and ultra-sensitivity performance of SAGAsafes analyses and are looking forward to continue working together. Involving the SAGAsafe technology in these studies means that Servier will now be able to monitor effects at an earlier stage ensuring that we do not miss out on any insights. Brian Lockhart, Director of CentEx-Biotechnology, Servier.

SAGAsafe is part of a portfolio of ultrasensitive technologies, which also includes SAGAsign (formerly known as KROMA) for monitoring chromosomal rearrangements, as well as novel technologies in development. SAGA offers both off-the-shelf analysis services and kits as well as custom-tailored solutions to fit customers needs. SAGAs molecular tools are being used in clinical trials and hospitals for detecting actionable mutations, monitoring treatment response, measuring minimal residual disease, and identifying resistance mechanisms to help direct therapy.

About SAGA Diagnostics ABSAGA Diagnostics AB is a personalized cancer genomics and disease monitoring company that offers molecular genetic testing of tissue biopsies and non-invasive liquid biopsies such as blood samples. With SAGAsafe and SAGAsign services and kits, SAGA helps pharmaceutical companies, scientists, and healthcare providers to detect actionable mutations, stratify patient groups, and monitor treatment response more accurately and to an industry-leading lower limit of detection of 0.001%. Analysis of circulating tumor DNA using these proprietary technologies gives SAGA unique ultrasensitivity, and gives patients peace of mind.Follow us on Twitter@SAGAdiagnosticsandLinkedIn.

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ke Nilsson, BD Director This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.+46 733 01 72 42

Keywords: Circulating Tumor DNA; Neoplasm, Residual; Limit of Detection; Precision Medicine; Liquid Biopsy; Medical Oncology; Genetic Testing; Pharmaceutical Preparations

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SAGA Diagnostics Extends its Collaboration with Servier to Use Ultrasensitive SAGAsafe Technology in Cancer Clinical Trials - b3c newswire

Today is the International Day of Commemoration, in memory of the victims of the Holocaust, where over six million Jews, allies and collaborators were persecuted and murdered by the Nazi regime. Six million is a difficult number to even begin to comprehend, so picture it this way: about two out of every three Jews in Europe were killed in this horrific genocide.

For many Jewish scientists, to practice science publicly in a region ruled by Nazi ideology was a death sentence. No one was exempt from this persecution. These are just two stories of those lost.

Born in Romania, Leonore Rachelle Brecher lived in a vibrant Jewish communities. At age twelve, she went to live with relatives after the death of both of her parents. Brecher went on to study zoology at a university in Chernivtsi, in what's now Ukraine. As her career started gaining traction, she moved to study at the University of Vienna where she defended her doctorate on color adaptation in insect chrysalides.

Applying to her alma matter, Brecher was denied a professorship. She later found employment in Berlin, and then moved through many universities and cities, before being forced back to Vienna in 1930. After the German occupation of Austria, she lost her job at the Vienna Institute for Experimental Biology because of her Jewish faith and began to teach in a Jewish gymnasium.

Like many Jewish European scholars, Brecher applied for refugee scholarship but was denied financial assistance by a British agency as her specialty was deemed too narrow, and rejected by the US because of the limited quota for Romanian immigrants. On 14 September 1942, Brecher was arrested and deported to the Maly Trostinets extermination camp, where she was killed immediately upon arrival.

Ernst Julius Cohen was born in March 1869 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. He studied Latin and Greek, before going to pursue a PhD in chemistry, under the supervision of J.H. Van't Hoff, at the University of Amsterdam, where his doctorate was titled "Het bepalen van overgangspunten langs electrischen weg en de electromotorische kracht bij scheikundige omzetting" (Determining transition points by electric way and the electromotor force in chemical conversion). After his defense in 1893, Cohen continued as a researcher, where subsequent positions included serving as a professor of physical chemistry in Amsterdam, and later, the director of a chemical laboratory at the University of Utrecht (until his retirement in 1939).

Ernst Julius Cohen (1869-1944)

By Unknown photographer - Universiteitsmuseum Utrecht

After contributing to the discovery of two tin allotropes (white and gray tin), Cohen was propelled into the spotlight and began lecturing across the US and Europe. Cohen's studies spanned various fields, including electro- and thermochemistry, and was considered as the "greatest of the disciples of Van't Hoff."

Just like Brecher however, Cohen was caught in the Nazi's sweep across Europe. In 1941, Cohen's property was seized. In May 1942, Cohen was obligated to wear the "yellow star" and faced multiple restrictions because of his Jewish faith. In 1943, Cohen was arrested in his own laboratory on the charge of entering a "public" building. His friends' efforts were insufficient to secure his release, and he was deported to a concentration camp at Vught in Holland, but was fortunately released thanks to a plea made by the Council of the Dutch Chemical Society to the S.S. authorities at the Hague. However, troubles slowly continued, and on March 3rd 1944, Cohen was transported to the Auschwitz concentration camp, where he was murdered in the gas chambers.

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My brother has 4% Neanderthal DNA. What does that actually mean? - Massive Science

YUMA, Ariz. (KECY/KYMA) - If you are someone who is still skeptical about the Hemp industry, the University of Arizona Cooperative Extension wants to clear the air for growers and the community.

In todays Home Grown, we learn from one plant pathologist and hempress, as she shows us her hempire.

Even to plant experts like Dr. Poudel, hemp is still a new concept in the way it grows and thrives.

They have to do some research to find out the best variety, the best management practices, the best planting time for the growers, so when the growers get the license, they are not too lost on where to start from, said Dr. Poudel.

The Cooperative Extension is proud to show off their first trial of hemp as they try different irrigation, light and compost methods.

We are doing different treatments to see the best management practices for hemp, said Dr. Poudel.

So what has the University learned since they began the trial, and how has new aged technology benefited their research?

First thing is genetics. Do not expect that all your varieties are all going to look the same. Youre going to have different genotypes. The last time we grew, it was the 1950s when agriculture was not as intense, said Dr. Poudel.

Because this trial is being done in winter, I was able to see purple hemp!

This discoloration is caused by the phosphorus deficiency in the plant, often occurring in cold climates.

You can see quite a few genetics in the field, anywhere from 2 to 24 depending on where you get your seed from, said Dr. Poudel.

There are even different genders of hemp plants, allowing farmers to use a male or female plant based on their needs.

If youre going for CBD, you dont want any males in the field because it will pollinate the female plants and they will go into seed production, which means that all the energy of the plant is going to be devoted to seed production, and your CBD level will be even less than 1%, said Dr. Poudel.

If you still find yourself asking: OK, but what is hemp all about? the Cooperative Extension is hosting a Preseason hemp workshop & Field day.

We are going to give you all the information about how we did it, what we did when we planted, did we apply any tests. Were going to give you all the results of everything we have, so hopefully, it will help the community to know about the production of hemp, said Dr. Poudel.

The event is on February 3rd and is free to anyone who wants to attend!

The hemp workshop will start at 9 A.M. at Booth Machinery Inc.: 6565 E 30th St, Yuma, AZ 85365.

Guests will then participate in a field demonstration from 12:30 to 2.

There will also be free tacos at the end of the day!

To sign up and see a full schedule of the day, click here.

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Home Grown: The "Hemp-ress" and her "Hemp-ire" - KYMA

THE TRUTH CONCERNING ALLEGED RISING INEQUALITY IN THE USABackgroundIt is a fact that inequalities exist in America but they are almost always solidly rooted in immutable psychological traits such as IQ, industriousness, honesty, creativity, courage, etc. [See: AEI Monograph (1998) Income Inequality and IQ ]. Take IQ. According to the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth by age 28 to 36, the top 10% in cognitive ability have a median earned an income of 4.8 times the median for the bottom 10%. Indeed, The Bell Curve (1994) in part one, The Emergence of a Cognitive Elite, found that IQ is one of the best single predictors of job productivity. Most recently, researchers have found that DNA plays a role in social stratification. These investigators concluded that Human DNA polymorphisms vary across geographic regions, with the most commonly observed variation reflecting distant ancestry differences. [See: Nature: Human Behaviour October 21, 2019 Genetic Correlations of Social Stratifications in Great Britain Abdellaoui et al or https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-019-0757-5 ].

For proof that all psychological traits are firmly riveted in nature and not in nurture one need only read Prof. Robert Plomins new book, Blueprint: How DNA Makes Us Who We Are, (Nov. 2018) which is the most recent scholarly work on the psychology of human genetics. In Blueprint Plomin, one of the very top experts in the field of behavioral genetics asserts that A century of genetic research shows that DNA differences inherited from our parents are the consistent life-long sources of our psychological individuality the Blueprint that makes us who we are. Prof. Plomin also reports that genetics explain more of our psychological differences not just mental health and school achievement but all psychological traits, from personality to intellectual abilities. Nature, not nurture is what makes us who we are. [Note: The Dec. 14, 2018 issue of Scientific American contains a very brief essay by Prof. Plomin titled In the Nature-Nurture War, Nature Wins. and in it, Plomin admits that Environmental influences are important too, but they are largely unsystematic, unstable and idiosyncratic in a word, RANDOM. (Emphasis added) Plomin continues These findings call for a radical rethink about parenting, education and the events that shape our lives. It also provides a novel perspective on equal opportunity, social mobility and the structure of society.]In spite of this contrary scientific evidence that inequality is not rooted in economic factors, countless left-leaning economists, law professors, and political scientists insist, without foundation, that capitalism is the source for much of our nations inequality. One needs only to read Prof. Joseph Stiglitzs The Price of Inequality (2013) or Prof. Thomas Pikettys tome, Capital in the 21st Century (2014) or Prof. Thomas Shapiros Toxic Inequality (2017) and their calls for redistribution to understand that their driving motivation is a search for almost totally equal economic outcomes. They undertake this crusade in spite of the fact that even Lord Keynes believed that efforts to fight inequality hinder economic growth. [See: Foundation for Economic Education Aug. 11, 2018]. Even the IMF got it wrong. In a 2015 report titled Causes and Consequences of Inequality, this organization errantly asserted that Widening inequality is the defining challenge of our time. In advanced economies, the gap between rich and poor is at its highest level in decades. Interestingly, this barrage of unsupported claims prompted an author like Edward Conrad to produce a book, The Upside of Inequality in which he mistakenly states that capitalism is a cause of inequality but asserts that the overall impact is positive in that growth (rising GDP) has markedly improved everyones standard of living.But the unifying and driving force exhibited by all of these millenarian collectivists is a desire to eliminate economic inequality of outcomes. This deep-seated human drive for equality likely stems from our ancestral days living as small hunter-gatherer bands that wandered the several continents (except Antarctica) for over 100,000 years. Sharing the wealth was a possible adaptation that probably helped to ensure the survival of the group. Individualism likely played a subservient role to the collectivism of each clan. Of course, these people all lived on the edge of starvation at a level of servile poverty that is almost unimaginable today. [See:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunter-gatherer ].Then about ten millennia ago humans mastered the science of agriculture which resulted in a more stable food supply and as a consequence population levels of our lineage began to rise. But, our farming forebears still lived in a condition of almost total abject poverty. [See:http://j-bradford-delong.net/TCEH/1998_Draft/World_GDP/Estimating_World_GDP.html ].This state of affairs continued uninterrupted for almost 10,000 years until the advent of capitalism (individualism) in central England about 1765. [Note: Highly regarded economic historian, Prof. Deirdre McCloskey, places this critical conversion in the northern Netherlands roughly 100 years earlier but the result is the same.] With the development of capitalism the Industrial Revolution began, GDP surged ahead and human-kinds overall levels of economic well-being soared, increasing according to some estimates by up to 5,000% at the turn of the 21st century. [See:https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/KnowledgeBank/how-has-growth-changed-over-time ]. In all of history, things had never gotten better for everyone any faster. [See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Divergence.%5D The following graph shows this remarkable upward trend in life expectancy, GDP per capita, energy capture, democratic governance, and war-making capacity along with a remarkable decline in extreme poverty.

Moreover, in a 2001 essay titled The Law of Accelerating Returns, Ray Kurzweil opined that the rate of technological change is exponential. [See: https://www.kurzweilai.net/the-law-of-accelerating-returns ]. Thus the sharp upward trend in these measures of well-being has continued and even accelerated since 2000 and it is not unreasonable to believe that the shift of ever-improving living standards and the rest will stretch further into the future. [See:https://fattailedandhappy.com/rise-of-asia-global-growth-since-2000/ ].Regrettably, ever since Jean Jacques Rousseau wrote his famous essay, Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men in 1754 some (many?) collectivist scribes have sought to return our species to its hunter-gatherer roots when everyone was equally hungry and always desperately poor. [See:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau ].

As evidence of this ill-advised tendency, every day I read an almost endless array of pro-socialist and anti-capitalist articles in a variety of newspapers, magazines, and web sites and almost all of these focus on alleged rising levels of inequality. A single recent example should suffice. In a June 6, 2019 article in the NY Times, titled The World is a Mess. We Need Fully Automated Luxury Communism, Aaron Bastini insisted that We live in a world of low growth, low productivity and low wages, of climate breakdown and collapse of democratic policies. A world where billions, live in poverty. A world defined by inequality. Next, I ask myself How could so many bright well-informed authors be so apparently unaware of the actual realities concerning the facts regarding the imagined phenomenon of increasing income and wealth inequality in the US? [See:https://www.amazon.com/product-reviews/0691143617/ref=acr_dpx_hist_3??ie=UTF8&filterByStar=three_star&showViewpoints=0 ].

These unfounded claims of growing income inequality and the exaggerated concentration of wealth in the US due to capitalism are easily rebutted.Many left-leaning economists are at heart closet levelers who favor more equal economic outcomes and these same people therefor support almost any move towards socialism. They thus espouse every misleading set of statistics that they can find in an effort to attain their goal. This is often called data mining and it is not useful. In his 1954 book, How to Lie With Statistics author Darrell Huff coined the word statisticulation by which he meant statistical manipulation which also describes very well the work of these many current day egalitarians.

For example, some socialist commentators have contended that with a slew of data, Thomas Piketty confirmed what those on the left had long believed: that extreme inequality and the clustering of wealth are the natural outcomes of capitalism. [See: https://newrepublic.com/article/154186/bernie-sanders-democratic-socialist-failure-envision-world-without-capitalism ]. But, income inequality in the US has not risen in the last 60 years and the US Census Bureau data (along with Kitov & Kitov 2012) [See: https://www.academia.edu/4383266/The_Dynamics_of_Personal_Income_Distribution_and_Inequality_in_the_United_States ] prove it. Since 1960 the Bureaus Gini coefficient (one of many important measures that almost all economists use to track inequality) of income for All US Persons (individuals) has remained almost totally flat. [See: Table PINC-01 Selected Characteristics in the March Supplement which is published each year by the US Census Bureau as part of its Annual Demographic Surrey or visithttps://politicalcalculations.blogspot.com/search?q=gini#.XR4aendFwuU ]. Thus there has been virtually no increase in US income inequality for individuals for six decades. [See: https://voxeu.org/article/human-capital-and-income-inequality ]. Also, most collectivist writers do not know that Prof. Piketty in 2015 quietly recanted much (most?) of what he wrote in Capital in the 21st Century. [See: About Capital in the 21st Century American Economic Review 2015, 105(5): 48-53 or go to http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20151060 ].

What has been skewing upwards is the US Census Bureaus Gini coefficient for US Households (and US Families). [Note: In 2009 Prof. Robert Gordon found that The rise in American inequality has been exaggerated both in magnitude and timing. See: https://www.nber.org/papers/w15351 thereby confirming the assertion that Alan Reynolds made at the Western Economics Associations July 2007 meeting that inequality in income, wages, consumption, and wealth among the US population as a whole does not appear to have increased significantly since 1988. See:https://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/has-us-income-inequality-really-increased ]. But nearly 100% of any increases have been caused by sociological (and not economic) factors (i.e. alterations in the size, make-up, and constitution of both US households and families.) For context, any divergence of these two data sets from the stable status of the statistics for All US Persons (individuals) began about 1970. [See:https://politicalcalculations.blogspot.com/search?q=gini#.XTMahXdFwuU ]. But as Stanford economist, Thomas Sowell, put it in his book, Economic Facts and Fallacies (2008), Income comparisons using household statistics are far less reliable indicators of standards of living than individual income data because households vary in size while an individual always means one person. Later Prof. Sowell continued Household income data can, therefore, be very misleading, whether comparing income differences as of a given time or following changes in income over the years.

Perhaps a single specific example of this household trend will help to dismiss the lefts baseless trope regarding rising income inequality in the US. If a young woman in the 1950s became pregnant out of wedlock she almost always married the father thereby forming one new household (and one new family) with one caregiver and one breadwinner. Twenty years later mounting numbers of young women began bearing children without any serious intention of matrimony (today this figure in the US stands at 39.8%) [See:https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/unmarried-childbearing.htm ] and this results in the formation of two new families (and two new households) one with a caregiver but no breadwinner and another with only a breadwinner. Both of these freshly formed households (or families) are each poorer than the combined single household (or family). Obviously, this emerging cultural (not economic) change began shifting the income inequality for households (and families) upward.

There are many other sociological (but not economic) trends that have resulted in similar skewing of the household (and family) data. These include (but are not limited to) elevated levels of divorce which split one household (and family) into two needier units; increasing numbers of elderly women who outlive their spouses; rising instances of assortative mating (i.e. In the 1950s a doctor often married his nurse but today she marries another doctor or lawyer which results in a very high two-income household and family. Indeed, according to Greenwood et.al. (2014), the US Gini coefficient in 2005 would have fallen from the observed 0.43 to 0.34 if all US mating had been random. And the authors of this research thus concluded that assortative mating is important for income inequality.) [See: https://www.nber.org/papers/w19829?utm_campaign=ntw&utm_medium=email&utm_source=ntw ] [Note: For a contrary point of view see: https://www.nber.org/papers/w20271.pdf ]; and numerous other sociological kinetics which markedly raises the Gini coefficients for both families and households but not for individuals.In their 2016 book, Unequal Gains, Profs. Lindert and Williamson begin by dismissing in a footnote the US Census Bureaus data as faulty official numbers but later admit that the racial and gender inequality gaps have been converging since 1970 along with a declining gap in the North-South levels of inequality. But these two authors are unable to reconcile why these American countercurrents are moving in the opposite direction of their new measure of inequality which is the tax unit research of Piketty & Saez (2001). [See: https://www.nber.org/papers/w8467 ]. Lindert and Williamson revealed their true colors in Unequal Gains' last paragraph. If there were any fulcrum at which historical insight might be applied to move inequality, it would be political. As we have said, no nation has used up all its political opportunities for leveling income without harming economic growth. Even worse, these two liberal economists asserted that The South was the richest of the colonies, and even its slaves had higher living standards than did the poorest in England.Most collectivist economists (including LIndert & Williamson) always examine inequality using only pre-tax data and before taking into consideration any government transfer payments which each highly distort the real situation in America. The following graph depicts the true status: [See:https://www.cato.org/blog/different-look-after-tax-income-inequality ]. This certainly is no picture of rising income inequality in the US.For context, one should also note the following: According to the IRS data from 1992 to 2014 over 70% of tax units (a very close proxy for families) were among the top 400 individual US taxpayers for only a single year while only 3% were among this top tier for ten years or more. [See: https://taxfoundation.org/turnover-among-richest-americans/ ]. Thus, most US taxpayers had ultra-high incomes only one time in their careers. Also, in 2017 a US household needed $421,926 to be in the top 1%. [ See: https://www.epi.org/multimedia/unequal-states-of-america/#/United%20States ]. This is a very handsome sum but far less than many would imagine.In 2019, Auten & Splinter reported that Top income share estimates based on only individual tax returns, such as Piketty & Saez (2003) are biased by tax-base changes, major social changes, and missing income sources. These authors continued Our results suggest that the income shares are lower than the tax-based estimates and since the early 1960s increasing government transfers and tax progressivity have resulted in little change in after-tax income shares. [See: Income Inequality in the United States: Using Tax Data to Measure Long-Term Trends Or see: Davidsplinter.com/autensplinter-tax_data_and_inequality.pdf ]. The Economist, noted regarding this research, that Just as ideas about inequality have completed their march from the Academy to the frontlines of politics, researchers have begun to look again. And some are wondering whether inequality has risen as much as claimed or, by some measures, at all. The results of this research paper have also been reported by Vox, PBS, The Hill, and the WSJ.Then in Oct. of 2019 Elwell et al reported that when we more fully account for taxes and transfers and use the proper sharing unit and unit of analysis we show that while over this period (1959 2016) the rich got substantially richer, so did poor and middle-class Americans. [See: Income Growth and its Distribution From Eisenhower to Obama: The Growing Importance of In =Kind Transfers (1959 2016) AEI Economics Working Paper 2019-21.]Side Bar: Male Versus Female Inequality The Imaginary Glass CeilingIn her excellent book, The Sexual Paradox: Men, Women, and the Real Gender Gap, Susan Pinker (yes, Stevens sister) reports on page 15 the almost 100-year-old data on the divergent distribution of male and female IQ scores. According to Ms. Pinker Boys are overrepresented at both extremes and that Despite their nearly identical averages, males show more dramatic variability that is more evident at the extremes. These truths have gone unrefuted for nearly 100 years and they have been repeatedly confirmed.I often find that those who are wailing (almost always without a shred of scientific evidence) about alleged sexism have never examined the bottom end of the IQ distribution. Go into any classroom for the mentally challenged and one will find far more boys than girls. The distribution of male IQ scores is simply wider (at both ends) than the range for females. Thus it is unremarkable to find more males in the corporate board room than females.

Turning the alleged accumulation of wealth due to capitalism. This misleading claim made by many collectivists also lacks important framing. Augustus Caesar was worth an estimated $4.6 trillion but economic historians name Mansa Musa I (1280 1337) of the Mali Empire in sub-Saharan Africa as the richest man of all time. Jakob Fugger (1459 1525), a German merchant, amassed a fortune worth an estimated $400 billion in todays dollars more than 250 years before the onset of capitalism. Today the worlds richest man is Jeff Bezos with a net worth of about $125 billion. He is followed by Bernard Arnault with just under $108 billion and Bill Gates at slightly more than $107 billion. [See: https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/markets/arnault-overtakes-gates-to-become-worlds-second-richest-person/ar-AAEqfUQ?ocid=spartandhp ]. Basil II, Alan the Red, Nicholas II, William the Conqueror, and Muammar al-Qaddafi, along with all of the Robber Barons of the late 19th and early 20th centuries were also far wealthier than Mr. Bezos in US dollars adjusted for inflation. [See:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wealthiest_historic_figures ]. As an aside and for further context, several large family fortunes have been divided by inheritance. The combined Walton family fortune today stands at $191 billion, the Mars estate has a total worth of $127 billion and the Koch family wealth is now $125 billion. [See: The Jewish Journal reporting from Bloomberg Aug. 11, 2019].

In the May 15, 2014 edition of Foreign Affairs magazine in an article titled The Inequality Illusion economists Wojciech Kopczuk and Allison Schrager reported that there is limited evidence that wealth inequality has actually worsened in the US in the last 30 years. A year later Zucman & Saez in a scholarly paper, (Wealth Inequality in the US Since 1913) found that wealth inequality was not rising quickly below the top 0.1%. [See: https://berkeley.edu/~saez/saez-zucmanNBER14wealth.pdf ]. According to Harvard professor and economist, Martin Feldstein, this increase in the wealth statistics among the top 0.1% was due almost entirely to the 0.01%s conversion from reporting their taxes as C corporations to sub-S corporations after the 1986 tax act. [See: https://object.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/anti-piketty.pdf ]. Thus, there has been little or no concentration of wealth in the US since 1970.For some unexplained reason, many socialists confine their analysis of inequality to measures of income (annual earnings) and wealth (accumulated economic assets less debt) thereby ignoring many other important benchmarks (mortality, morbidity, literacy, consumption, gender, race, etc.) and one might assume that these other unmentioned norms may not support their collectivist claims of inequality that is skewing out of control. [See: https://mortality.org/ ]. The simple truth is that these other metrics are both: getting better fast and converging while not diverging as many on the left would have us believe. [See:https://www.un.org/esa/desa/papers/2005/wp2_2005.pdf ].

The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has firmly asserted that Economic growth is the most powerful instrument for reducing poverty and improving the quality of life in developing countries. [See: http://www.oecd.org/derec/unitedkingdom/40700982.pd ]. Of course, many collectivists want to halt the expansion of human economic well-being asserting that things are good enough today. [See: https://www.amazon.com/Lets-Get-Rid-growth-Globalization/dp/1484036557/ref=sr_1_28_sspa?keywords=capitalism&qid=1564929398&s=books&sr=1-28-spons&psc=1 ].Thus, any effort that might slow economic growth via socialism would be a virtual death sentence for our planets needy. Interestingly, Michael OSullivan in his new book The Leveling insists that while globalization has ended the next major trend will be a worldwide equalizing of wealth, income, consumption, etc.In further support of the OECDs assertion Prof. Raghuram Rajan, an economist at the University of Chicago and former chief economist for the IMF, in his latest book, The Third Pillar (2019) reports that We are surrounded by plenty. Humanity has never been richer as technologies of production have improved steadily over the last two hundred fifty years. It is not just developed countries that have grown wealthier; billions across the developing world have moved from stressful poverty to a comfortable middle-class existence in the span of a generation. Income is more evenly spread across the world than at any other time in our lives. For the first time in history, we have it in our power to eradicate hunger and starvation everywhere. This is capitalisms real historical economic record.

Moreover, the editors of The Economist magazine on May 23, 2019, opined that Capitalism is improving workers lot farther than it has in years (and) the zeitgeist has lost touch with the data. They added that the bleak picture painted by the left is at odds with reality. In other words, many news outlets are apparently not reporting the economic truth about capitalism.Indeed, Prof. Richard Baldwin, president of the Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR) in London, in his 2016 book, The Great Convergence notes that From 1820 to 1990 the share of world income going to todays wealthy nations soared from 20% to 70% and that share has recently been plummeting. Today, their share is now back to where it was in 1914. According to Dr. Baldwin This new trend is surely the dominant economic fact of the last two or three decades. This leads one to inquire Why does this critical new trend go virtually unreported?SummaryOne should compare all of these facts with socialisms record of rendering almost everyone to be only equally poor. Thus, liberals imagined emphasis on rising inequality in the USA due in-part to capitalism represents one of the worlds biggest economic hoaxes.

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Every State Is a Battleground - LA Progressive

Ah, hormones. Such an easy scapegoat. And for good reason: They can be responsible for everything from mysterious weight gain to hair loss to crazy hunger. When things get a little out of control in that department, an endocrinologist might be able to help you. (In as little as 30 days, you can be a whole lot slimmer, way more energetic, and so much healthier just by following the simple, groundbreaking plan in The Thyroid Cure!)

But before you make an appointment, read on to find out what they think you should know.Simply put, "we're hormone doctors," says Marilyn Tan, MD, an endocrinologist at Stanford Health Care. "The three most common diagnoses we make are thyroid problems, diabetes, and osteoporosis," she says. Other common conditions they treat: menopause, hypertension, and infertility. And while endocrinology might be a specialty in itself, these docs sub-specialize. Some may focus on weight loss, others on thyroid abnormalities, some on diabetes or reproductive health. That means you should see the one that fits your health issue to get the most targeted treatment.

First of all, you might not even need to see one."For straightforward issues, like basic thyroid problems or diabetes, your primary care physician [PCP] is equipped to handle them in generally healthy people," says Tan. They're the ones who will order lab work to check initial hormone levels, and they're the ones who will treat you first. There's another upside to sticking with a PCP: Unless you live in a bigger city, specialists often require you to travel farther away for an appointment. "It's often not worth the drive when you can get good care from your regular doctor," she says. But if your blood sugar or thyroid levels become difficult to control, your PCP will send you to a specialist.

MORE:8 Things That Happen When You Finally Stop Drinking Diet Soda

Or you might have a one-and-done visit.Endocrinologists like to think of themselves as partners in crime in your care. "Often, we'll schedule one-time visits with a patient to help them learn about their disease, but their PCP will take the reins in managing it," says Tan. "Our visit becomes more focused on education rather than treatment." And that can be just as critical in getting well. Research shows that in diseases like diabetes, educational programs can help patients gain better blood sugar control, as well as lose weight and improve cholesterol levels.

They might be able to guess what's up just by looking at you...As many as 15 million people suffer from undiagnosed thyroid conditions. The thyroidthe butterfly-shaped gland on your necksecretes hormones that are involved in metabolism, body temperature regulation, and the functioning of your organs. Usually lab workups will confirm a diagnosis, but an endocrinologist might first spot uncontrolled, progressed conditions, says Tan. For example, in hypothyroid (a sluggish thyroid), you might look fatigued and your face may be swollen. In hyperthyroid (an overactive thyroid), severe disease may show up as bulging eyes and unexplained weight loss.

MORE:16 Signs Your Thyroid Is Out Of Whack

...or by touching you.

They want to hear about your hot flashes.

Highwaystarz-Photography/Getty Images

If you're menopausal and having hot flashes, hormone treatmentsandother natural options are ways that your endocrinologist may help mitigate symptoms.

MORE:Are You Bummed Out...Or Depressed?

And they think a lot about your bones.

They'll want to talk to you about vitamin Dbut probably not test you for it.It might be called a vitamin, but vitamin D is actually a steroid hormone, says Liu, which is why endocrinologists are so concerned with your levels. Andas you well know by nowthere's been a lot of chatter surrounding D because it boasts a never-ending list of potential health perks. Some experts advocate for routine screening of D levels, but Liu does not. "The tests are expensive," he says, and largely unnecessary; doctors can often guess if you're running low. If you live in northern latitudes, chances are you have a vitamin D deficiency, even if you're drinking milk, Liu says. On the other hand, if you live in, say, Florida, where you get a lot of sun, you probably have normal levels. Bottom line: If you live in a northern climate, you might want to pop a supplement. Experts can't agree on the exact amount, but the National Institutes of Health recommends getting 600 IU per day.

MORE:7 Reasons You're Tired All The Time

There are some things they can't fix.Another reason to keep your PCP in the loop: They take a bigger-picture look at your health, so they can spot other causes of problems, whereas a specialist like an endocrinologist is more laser-focused on your hormones, says Ranit Mishori, MD, a professor of family medicine at Georgetown University. After all, exhaustion and stress can cause similar symptoms as a thyroid condition. "I have patients in their 40s who are desperate for me to say their weight gain, mild depression, and fatigue is a thyroid condition that I can fix with a tiny pill," she says. "But oftentimes it's the crazy lifestyle and stress," says Mishori. An endocrinologist knows a lot about your health, but sometimes what you need is a little self careexercise, a healthy diet, and taking time to recharge from the madness can go a long way.

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8 Things Every Hormone Doctor Wants You To Know | Prevention

Some of South Dakotas most vulnerable teenagers could be denied critical health care if the legislature passes a proposed law.

State lawmakers are considering a bill that would make it a criminal offense for doctors, physician assistants, or nurse practitioners to provide gender-affirming health care to transgender youth under age 16. House Bill 1057, misleadingly titled the Vulnerable Child Protection Act, makes it a misdemeanor to prescribe puberty blockers or hormone replacement therapy, as well as prohibiting any gender-affirming surgery.

Far from protecting vulnerable teenagers, this bill could put them in danger.

Trans youth experience some of the highest rates of depression and suicidal thoughts; some estimates show that more than 40 percent of transgender people in the US have attempted suicide. The American Academy of Pediatrics published a study on January 23 that shows that trans people who underwent puberty-blocking treatment experienced a lower rate of suicidal thoughts than those who wanted the treatment but were unable to obtain it, meaning that denying access to gender-affirming health care can be a life-threatening issue. Previous studies have shown that access to puberty-blocking treatment at a younger age results in improved mental health in later years.

Despite opposition to the bill from the ACLU of South Dakota, medical professionals, and many parents and children in the state, the bills proponents are determined to fast-track it. Sponsors introduced it on January 14 and originally scheduled the committee hearing to take place less than 72 hours later.

This would have left little time for South Dakotans to learn about the bill, let alone have an opportunity to contact their representatives.

As someone born and raised in Brookings, I was particularly disappointed to see that our House representative, Doug Post, co-sponsored this bill. His decision to do so is exceptionally frustrating considering significant efforts in recent years by local leaders in Brookings to make the community a safer and more affirming place for LGBT people.

I was proud to see the Human Rights Campaign, a national organization, feature Brookings earlier this month as a champion for LGBTQ equality. In just five years, the town increased its score on the organizations Municipal Equality Index from 12 in 2013 to a perfect 100 in 2018. Though South Dakota has lagged behind other states in promoting equality for the LGBT community, Brookings seemed to be a bright spot for LGBT rights in the state. Either Rep. Posts position is not in line with the views of the majority of Brookings residents, or the town needs to rethink its celebration of its perfect 100 from the Human Rights Campaign.

HB 1057 is just the latest iteration of more than a dozen anti-LGBT bills introduced in the state in recent years. Prominent examples include the Bathroom Bill passed by the legislature but vetoed by then-Governor Dennis Daugaard in 2016, and legislation signed into law in 2017 allowing adoption agencies receiving state funding to discriminate against same-sex couples.

HB 1057 is the latest attack on trans kids in the state and poses a serious threat to their health and rights.

The decision to undergo puberty-blocking treatment and other forms of gender-affirming health care is not a decision taken lightly. Youth and their parents make this decision in close consultation with their doctors. Medical professionals should not be forced to choose between turning young patients away and providing necessary, sometimes life-saving treatment, risking up to a year in jail.

The bill passed out of committee on January 22 and will come to the House floor on January 27. South Dakota legislators who believe in promoting equality, preventing discrimination, and upholding the rights to health and life should reject this bill and other anti-transgender legislation. In doing so, our legislators will take a vital step toward defending the rights of trans youth and making South Dakota a place where the dignity of all people is protected.

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Reject the Bill to Block Critical Healthcare for Transgender Youth - Human Rights Watch

Ah, inflammation. That catchall, nebulous term we've come to know and avoid at all costs. We recognize that inflammation is generally "bad," but the Perlmutters explain just how it decreases our brain function.

They note that it's not just chronic inflammation that does the dirty workeven acute levels of inflammation are enough to influence our decision-making. "Inflammation changes our thinking kind of right away. It doesn't require years of exposure," Austin says. "When you induce inflammation, people's decision-making is compromised. They start looking at the world from a present-focused instant-gratification model as opposed to a long-term-oriented thinking style."

It's a dangerous cycle, they explain, because the more you make those present-focused decisions, the more you demonstrate unhealthy behaviors that increase inflammation. And the more inflammation you experience, the more impulsive decisions you'll make.

So, how does one escape that inflammatory cycle? The father-son duo encourages you to figure out what behaviors are at the root of your inflammation (note: There may be more than one!).

"Inflammation might be augmented by your poor sleep quality, by your dietary choices, by your lack of exercise, or by the level of stress in your life. However you get there, it tends to compromise your decision-making that leads you to make more impulsive decisions that continue then to foster inflammation," David explains.

That said, optimizing your eating and sleeping habits and the ways you cope with stress can, in turn, affect your levels of inflammation. As with most aspects of well-being, many factors are connected and dependent on each other, so even just one small change has the power to (quite literally) shift your thinking!

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3 Reasons We Make Bad Decisions And How To Reverse Them - mindbodygreen.com

Lopez spoke back that he had now not too prolonged ago returned from California the place he had gone thru a painful, costly process to repair a seemingly spinal fluid leak. It became once, he told Smith, the most up-to-date chapter in his seven-One year quest to diagnose the illness that had made his lifestyles a effort.

Lopez had consulted extra than one consultants at one of the crucial nations Most critical hospitals, leading to assessments and scans too reasonably heaps of to rely. His stepfather and accomplices father, each and every physicians, were baffled. One gastroenterologist even suggested to Lopez that his accomplice, a nurse, may very smartly be poisoning him.

His gallbladder had been eliminated, an pointless operation that caused eternal problems. And the well-known of three spinal procedures had left him feeling extra unhappy than ever.

Smith requested about a questions, then equipped to review Lopezs medical records. The lawyer within the open refused, then relented after Smith pressed him.

It became once, he says, one of many appropriate decisions he ever made.

Smiths eagle-eyed examination noticed a severe clue that had been now not illustrious for years, culminating in a prognosis that the 15 physicians who treated Lopez apparently by no scheme regarded as.

At first I didnt imagine Davids plot, recalled Lopez, now 44. I had been burned reasonably heaps of times.

In December 2010, Lopez became once visiting an airplane hangar with his employer, who owned a Cessna. Whereas strolling all the scheme in which thru the plane Lopez, blinded by the glare of the late afternoon sun, smacked forehead first exhausting into the low-slung fly.

I fell to the ground, but didnt black out, he remembered. Lopez got to his feet and insisted he became once swish. I became once extra embarrassed than the leisure.

Per week later, he began feeling hung over. Getting back from his each day five-mile bustle, Lopez started trembling and felt so fashioned he needed to lie on the rest room ground. His accomplice brought him a glass of orange juice. Inside minutes, he looked to possess recovered.

But about a weeks later on Lopez with out warning grew to turn out to be dizzy and extraordinarily nauseated while ingesting a beer. He stopped ingesting alcohol, but the hung-over feeling continued, accompanied by a headache, shakiness, vomiting and diarrhea.

His well-known care doctor at the time, Lopez said, became once dismissive, telling him he became once anxious and working too exhausting. It became once a proof he would hear from other medical doctors.

Within the center of the next six months, Lopez consulted an ear, nostril and throat specialist in Albuquerque, who ruled out labyrinthitis, an infection of the internal ear that causes vertigo and nausea. An ENT skilled in Los Angeles suggested he may need power fatigue syndrome.

At the advice of his internist stepfather, Lopez underwent a mind MRI. A neurologist told Lopez he had an acoustic neuroma, a benign mind tumor, then with out word changed her solutions and said the scan confirmed nothing.

Visits to gastroenterologists led nowhere. One Fresh Mexico specialist, for reasons that stay inexplicable, suggested that Lopezs accomplice may very smartly be deliberately poisoning him, but did now not represent toxicology assessments.

Lopez remembers feeling flabbergasted by the speculation. His accomplice, Lorena, had been unfailingly supportive in each and every doable scheme.

His stepfather, whom Lopez referred to as my medical rock, became once aghast.

That is absurd, Lopez remembers him saying. I willt imagine these folk.

In 2014, a third gastroenterologist instantaneous elimination of Lopezs gallbladder, citing his 45-pound weight reduction, coupled with the outcomes of a scan that looked to existing biliary dyskinesia, a disorder wherein bile drainage is impaired. The operation became once a failure and left him feeling sicker.

A fourth gastroenterologist identified postcholecystectomy syndrome, a complication of gallbladder surgical operation that causes severe nausea and diarrhea. She referred him to a prominent out-of-train medical center for a comprehensive GI work-up.

Lopez spent per week there in 2015. Doctors werent certain what became once terrifying, but told him he surprisingly sensitive to certain meals. Lopez illustrious that even when he craved salt, he grew to turn out to be violently in unhappy health after eating salty meals comparable to popcorn. Doctors prescribed a diet now and again instantaneous for touchy bowel syndrome apart from to a drug to late digestion; neither helped.

In 2016, Lopez determined to cessation seeing medical doctors for a while. He had exhausted each and every choice he may per chance deem. Too in unhappy health to motivate his kidss faculty events or eat dinner with his family most nights, he mechanically came home from work and fell into bed.

Now and then, I concept I became once going to possess to cessation my practice, he recalled. Shedding my work would possess been the ideally suited nail within the coffin.

In July 2017, a seemingly promising contemporary explanation emerged after Lopez and his accomplice traveled to a well-known instructing health center in California.

Several assessments, including a spinal MRI, confirmed a seemingly power leak of cerebrospinal fluid from the dura, the outer membrane that surrounds the mind and spinal twine. Consultants told Lopez they believed the leaks were the outcomes of his 2010 collision with the Cessna, but couldnt pinpoint their enviornment. They instantaneous a series of epidural blood patches, wherein a little quantity of blood is injected into the epidural home within the spine to plug the leak.

Days after the October process, Lopez said he vividly remembers convalescing in a resort room lying flat on my serve and my accomplice feeding me cereal. He became once told to temporarily enhance his consumption of caffeine and salt to amplify the production of spinal fluid. For weeks later on he became once violently in unhappy health.

I got very unhappy, Lopez recalled. Within the center of an emotional conversation with his accomplice, he confided that while he by no scheme felt suicidal, he wasnt certain how he may per chance continue living in his present condition.

The meeting with Smith befell about a weeks later.

As he paged thru Lopezs records, Smith became once struck by the absence of a positional headache, nervousness that improves when lying flat. It is seemingly one of many most in vogue symptoms of a spinal fluid leak. And when he looked at the MRI, the neurologist did now not watch a leak.

Lopez told Smith, as he had the medical doctors he had seen, that his symptoms started after he hit his head. He said he became once swish until then, Smith said. To me it looked logical to open up there.

Lopez mentioned that he had now not too prolonged ago told his internist that he became once getting up six or extra times each and every night to urinate. Smith suspected the plot off may per chance now not be his prostate, the most in vogue foundation of this kind of challenge, but reasonably dehydration that may consequence from an electrolyte challenge.

Reviewing his lab assessments, Smith noticed a a little bit but again and again elevated sodium rely within the years after the accident but now not sooner than. He calculated Lopezs serum osmolality, which measures the focus of sodium ions and other substances within the blood. The essentially unprejudiced appropriate test is now and again ordered to envision for an electrolyte imbalance, but had by no scheme been ordered. Smiths calculations confirmed that it, too, became once elevated.

Smith suspected that the blow to Lopezs head may need damaged his pituitary, the pea-sized gland at the infamous of the mind, which serves as the bodys metabolic abet watch over center. A stressful mind atomize can plot off hypopituitarism, a condition wherein a hormone deficiency impairs customary characteristic. One in all the hormones launched by the pituitary is antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which regulates fluid balance.

The neurologist theorized that Lopezs damaged pituitary had caused central diabetes insipidus, a rare disorder wherein the kidneys prefer away too grand fluid. (The condition is unrelated to the far extra customary diabetes mellitus, which entails blood sugar.)

Lopez became once within the open skeptical.

I undergo in solutions feeling roughly irritated when David said I didnt possess a CSF leak and shouldnt get one other patch, he recalled. I had already pursued reasonably heaps of slow ends.

But Lopez became once desperate. I undergo in solutions thinking, I dont even care if I get better, I correct desire an solution.

Smith urged Lopez to query his well-known care doctor to represent osmolality and urine assessments. Lopez said his contemporary internist balked, telling him, You dont possess diabetes insipidus, its so rare. After Lopez insisted, the internist ordered the assessments, adopted by a second round. All were habitual, but the doctor remained unconvinced.

Lopez pushed for a referral to an endocrinologist. He, too, became once skeptical, but ordered extra assessments that yielded the identical consequence, alongside with a scan that ruled out a pituitary tumor.

Now there may very smartly be absolute self assurance. Smiths meticulous prognosis had ended in the prognosis of diabetes insipidus that essentially had been hiding in undeniable look.

Lopez began taking a manufacture of vasopressin, the artificial hormone hell need for the remainder of his lifestyles. Slowly but frequently, he began to augment. His slow night urination stopped once he started taking the medication.

Ive 80 to 90 percent better, Lopez said now not too prolonged ago. He fastidiously monitors his salt intake to cessation sodium overload, must steer clear of becoming overheated he now not runs and cant devour alcohol or caffeine, which may per chance be too dehydrating. He additionally takes costly drugs to tackle the penalties of his pointless gallbladder surgical operation.

Lopez is attempting to invent up for the years he lost with his kids, who are now 5, 12 and 14. He deeply regrets that his stepfather, who he said became once consumed by attempting to serve him, did now not dwell to glimpse the end result. He died in 2015.

Lopez thinks his work as a malpractice lawyer essentially plot me serve. There were too many cooks within the kitchen, he said. I deem the indisputable reality that I had so many connections, it place me on the terrifying direction.

I additionally deem that but for me doing this work, I would by no scheme possess met the actual person that identified it, he added. He said he worries about others who are suffering and shortage beef up or sources. I represent folk love that one and all of the time, he added.

Smith, who has been in practice for 18 years, has a clear level of view.

I felt there became once reasonably heaps of tunnel vision, he said, adding that he believes time constraints may per chance possess played a job. There are reasonably heaps of practices that bustle love an assembly line.

Within the neurologists peep, the most evident error may per chance possess been the failure to prefer a entire and careful historical previous the cornerstone of the diagnostic process and to hear fastidiously to what Lopez became once reporting.

Smith said he stays bowled over by the resistance that Lopez, a medically knowledgeable affected person, encountered when he pursued a seemingly prognosis of diabetes insipidus.

Some smug physicians are offended by an out of doors doctors advice, Smith said. It wounds egos.

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The motive within the serve of this man's suffering became once hiding in undeniable look - Invest Records

At 31, I was diagnosed with bipolar II and generalised anxiety disorder. At first I hated the powerful drugs I was prescribed. They scared me. But the black moods, hypomania and panic attacks that almost landed me in the psych ward scared me more.

After years of trial and error, I landed on the right combination of meds. Seroquel tamed mood swings, Lamictal regulated the full-body agitation that comes with bipolar, Remeron helped anxiety and depression. Combined with a great support system, the meds helped me make critical lifestyle changes so I could finally stabilise. I got out of a bad relationship. I stopped working hard and playing hard, the credo among my Silicon Valley co-workers. I married a wonderful man. We bought a house with a little backyard.

But the next natural step, having a baby, was an unsettling question mark. Google was useless. Is Seroquel safe for pregnancy? (Not enough data.) Does Remeron affect a foetus? (Possible association with premature birth.) If I clicked around long enough, the answers became inconclusive. It seemed that my meds had a small chance of harming a foetus, but the research was hazy. So I asked my psychiatrist.

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There is no right or wrong answer, he said with a sigh, like hed been waiting for this question. The research sample sizes are incredibly small. Because who would want to sign up for that test?

Exactly. Who would? Would I?

But we do know that depression and anxiety affect a foetus, he continued. I tell my patients to do the pillow test: which choice allows you to sleep better? The risk of being on the drugs or the risk of being off them?

A pillow test? That sounded like a trite way to make this decision. There had to be more data, more science, more concrete answers. He referred me to a specialist at the University of California at San Francisco Womens Mood and Hormone Clinic.

The specialist confirmed my bipolar and GAD diagnosis but concluded that I was on the wrong cocktail of drugs to begin with. What I needed, she said, was Lithium which came with a small risk of congenital malformation.

I fought back tears. I had come for clarity, and instead, I was thrown back to square one. Why did no medical professional have an answer? Was it morally wrong to get pregnant on these drugs? Should I adopt instead? Forgo motherhood altogether?

You seem upset, the doctor said.

I just dont understand how Im supposed to navigate this.

The most important thing is a mothers health during pregnancy, she said. Ultimately, the choice is up to you.

After the appointment, I went to the hospital bathroom and cried until I felt empty. Then suddenly, I was clear. The choice was up to me. I wanted to have a baby, and I didnt want to do it on any of these drugs. Id been stable for over a year. I could do this. I actually looked into the fluorescent-lighted mirror and said:You can do this.

When I next saw my psychiatrist, I told him I wanted to wean off everything. OK, he said. We can try, but well have to do it slowly and check in often.

For a while, things were smooth. I began to wonder whether Id really needed the medications at all. I was achieving at work, sleeping well and generally content. I started seeing an acupuncturist and healer who agreed that I should absolutely not get pregnant on pharmaceuticals. Her plan to naturally combat bipolar involved a combination of acupuncture, diet and herbs.

Six months later, I had weaned off both Seroquel and Remeron, leaving only Lamictal in my system. But one morning, on my train commute, I started to obsess about whether Id turned off my iron. This again. Soon, I was flooded. My vision blurred, my heart drummed, nausea swelled into my throat and the walls closed in. The next thing I knew, I was lying on the filthy floor, dripping with sweat, staring up at a flock of concerned strangers. Id passed out for a good two minutes the result, the ER doctors later concluded, of a massive panic attack. They gave me Klonopin and told me to call my psychiatrist.

Though he had been patient with my attempt to go the natural route, my psychiatrist pointed out that paramedic-level panic attacks and long bouts of unconsciousness were definitely not good for a baby. Exhausted and defeated, I thought back to my friend Mills, one of the warmest and wisest people I knew, who also happened to be bipolar and who had become a pro at managing his illness. When I was first diagnosed, Mills told me:This illness is like flying a plane through weather. You cant foresee the whole trip. Youve just got to handle whats right in front of you.

Okay, just fly the plane, I thought. I need meds. I want to have a baby. The risks are small.

Instead of putting me back on Remeron, my psychiatrist started me on Celexa which was backed by a bit more data on pregnancy. And after a few months of feeling well on Celexa, I had the confidence to go off birth control, thinking it would take at least a year to conceive at 36. But the first time we had unprotected sex, I got pregnant. With twins. After the ultrasound, I couldnt stop laughing at the absurdity of it all. My husband went home and obsessively mowed the lawn.

The first time we had unprotected sex, I got pregnant. With twins. I couldnt stop laughing at the absurdity of it all (iStock)

My first trimester, all I could do was vomit. Severe morning sickness, which actually lasts around the clock, is common in twin pregnancies. In one month, I lost 12lb. Then I developed hives all over my body. Most medications have at least one five-alarm-bell side effect. With Lamictal, my bipolar medication, its an extremely uncommon but potentially deadly rash known as Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Anytime I developed even the most minor rash while taking it, I was instructed to immediately text a picture of it to my psychiatrist.

So I did. The response: Go to the ER.

That day, after all my weaning and adjusting, I had to stop Lamictal cold turkey. My husband, whod seen me through bipolar episodes, turned a little grey. Dont worry, I said, well figure it out. At this point we didnt have a choice. We had to fly the plane.

The rash disappeared within a few days, leaving just Celexa in my system. I spent the rest of the pregnancy doing everything in my power to stay sane and healthy. I went to the hundred doctor appointments that came with my high-risk status. I ate clean and drank gallons of water. I waddled my enormous belly through parks to get a dose of nature. I went to prenatal yoga classes.

I delivered via planned C-section at 38 weeks, full-term for twins. They were identical boys, both approaching 7lb, wailing with verve the minute they hit the air. They did no neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) time and we went home to spend their first weeks in a haze of love, joy and sleep deprivation. Although my husband and I were delirious, the twins were thriving.

But when the boys were about 3 months old, my mood shifted. I suddenly felt panicky, obsessed with bottle sterilization and convinced that our part-time nanny was going to kidnap the babies. I couldnt sit still, and when I did, I bawled uncontrollably. I needed to sleep but couldnt. All of these symptoms felt very familiar.

My psychiatrist put me back on Lamictal, and within weeks, I stabilised. I fell in love with the boys all over again. Every new thing they did fascinated and delighted me. We took family walks around the neighbourhood with our boat-size double stroller. In selfies, we looked tired but happy. The boys looked like curious angels.

What do you do when you cant possibly know the best choice about something as important as your own health and the health of your babies? I did my homework. I tried to plan it all out. But in the end, I had to adapt to changing circumstances, take it one day at a time, and go with the information I had in front of me. Fly the plane. Do the pillow test. In other words, like most mothers throughout the ages, I did my best.

Washington Post

More:
I was managing my bipolar disorder. Then I decided to get pregnant - The Independent

As new research suggests that dementia can be triggered in women during hormonal changes, Maria Lally reportson how HRT is key to an all-round healthier brain

Judith Graham, a 52-year-old events planner, visited her doctor in 2017 with symptoms including low mood, irritability and forgetfulness. I was used to organising business events all over the world, flying groups of fifteen people to the US and putting together detailed itineraries. But then I began to struggle to concentrate in meetings, I forgot names, and I had real flashes of anger over minor things my children or husband did.

Worse were her low moods. I suffered terribly from postnatal depression after the birth of my son eighteen years ago, and it felt a bit like that. After years of feeling bright, organised and capable, everything felt like a struggle. I saw my doctor who prescribed antidepressants, and while they kept my mood stable, it wasnt until I saw a new GP seven months later who knew about the menopause, that she suggested I wasnt depressed at all but that the menopause was causing my symptoms. I was given hormone replacement therapy and my brain fog and depression disappeared.

The menopause has long been associated with brain fog, but experts are now investigating a possible link with cognitive decline and even dementia, after it was found that two thirds of Alzheimers patients are women.

Continue reading here:
Why the link between the menopause and Alzheimer's isn't all bad news for midlife women - Telegraph.co.uk

Galactorrhea affects 24% women, not linked to breast cancer

Ghaziabad, Jan 23 (IANS) Galactorrhea, in which a whitish or greenish discharge occurs from the nipples, affects nearly 24 per cent of women but has no association with breast cancer, health experts said on Thursday.

Galactorrhea is a milky nipple discharge unrelated to the normal milk production for breastfeeding. It is not a disease itself but could be a sign of an underlying problem. It usually occurs in women, even those who have never had children or after menopause.

According to the doctors at Columbia Asia Hospital in Ghaziabad, pre-menopausal women who are not breastfeeding may experience a condition where they produce breast milk.

The condition may indicate high levels of the hormone prolactin in the body, caused mainly by some malfunction in the pituitary gland that produces the hormone, the experts said.

"Galactorrhea may occur when your body produces too much prolactin, (a hormone produced by the pituitary gland in the brain that stimulates the production of milk when a woman has a baby). Any woman who has had a baby, whether or not she breast-fed her baby, may later have galactorrhea," said Vinita Diwakar, Obstetrics and Gynaecology department, Columbia Asia Hospital.

"Too much estrogen in the body due to birth control pills or an underactive thyroid gland can also cause the condition. Nipple stimulation due to sexual activity or sports activities such as jogging, can also increase prolactin production," Diwakar added.

According to the hospital, some of the other causes of galactorrhea may include consumption of drugs, such as oral contraceptive pills, some high blood pressure medications, sedatives and antidepressants; disorders or non-cancerous tumours of the pituitary gland; opivid use violactinoma other medical conditions such as kidney failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and tumours of the spinal cord.

If the breast tissue is particularly sensitive to prolactin in blood, it may cause idiopathic galactorrhea - the reason for which remains unknown.

"In men, galactorrhea may cause testosterone deficiency or male hypogonadism and usually occurs with breast enlargement or tenderness (gynecomastia). It may also cause erectile dysfunction and a lack of sexual desire due to testosterone deficiency," Diwakar said.

If a woman experiences a mild idiopathic galactorrhea, a tight breast support may help stop the discharge by preventing stimulation of the nipples, the doctor said.

"In newborns, galactorrhea may be caused due to high maternal estrogen levels that cross the placenta and reaches the baby''s blood. This can enlarge the baby''s breast tissue, which may be associated with a milky nipple discharge, though it is temporary and resolves on its own. If the discharge is persistent, consult a doctor," Diwakar stressed.

--IANS

bu/rt/bg

Disclaimer :- This story has not been edited by Outlook staff and is auto-generated from news agency feeds. Source: IANS

Original post:
Galactorrhea affects 24% women, not linked to breast cancer - Outlook India

Cryonics Technology Market research report provides an actual industry viewpoint, future trends and dynamics for market growth rate, market size, trading and key players of the industry with forecast period of 2027. It provides a comprehensive analysis of various business aspects such as global market trends, recent technological advancements, market shares, size, and new innovations. According to researchers, demand for the global market will expand to a noticeable CAGR over the period from 2020 to 2027.

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At IT Intelligence Markets, we model all our work on our core philosophy that believes in customer satisfaction. We serve a global clientele by supplying market intelligence research reports after conducting exhaustive research. Our reports are replete with productive insights & recent market dynamics as the healthcare industry is constantly undergoing changes like ever-changing consumer preferences, supply channels and latest technologies. Our market research analysts not only investigate the market for drivers, restraints & challenges but also gauge the overall progress of the market by comparing chief market players. Our report forms a crucial piece of intelligence using which our clients can unleash their potential & tap their capacity to harness the correct technologies & surpass their competitors.

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Cryonics Technology Market Emerging Trends and Prospects 2027 With Leading Players Praxair - VOICE of Wisconsin Rapids

Sorry Mom and Dad: It turns out you might not have been exaggerating when you told us your children made your hair turn gray.

Stress may play a key role in just how quickly hair goes from colored to ashen, a study published this past week in the journal Nature suggests.

Scientists have long understood some link is possible between stress and gray hair, but this new research from Harvard University in Massachusetts more deeply probes the exact mechanisms at play.

The researchers initial tests looked closely at cortisol, the stress hormone that surges in the body when a person experiences a fight or flight response.

Its an important bodily function, but the long-term presence of heightened cortisol is linked to a host of negative health outcomes.

But the culprit ended up being a different part of the bodys fight or flight response the sympathetic nervous system.

These nerves are all over the body, including making inroads to each hair follicle, the researchers reported.

Chemicals released during the stress response specifically norepinephrine causes pigment producing stem cells to activate prematurely, depleting the hairs reserves of color.

The detrimental impact of stress that we discovered was beyond what I imagined, Ya-Chieh Hsu, PhD, a lead study author and an associate professor of stem cell and regenerative biology at Harvard, said in a press release. After just a few days, all of the pigment-regenerating stem cells were lost. Once theyre gone, you cant regenerate pigments anymore. The damage is permanent.

But stress isnt the only or even the primary reason that most people get gray hair.

In most cases, its simple genetics.

Gray hair is caused by loss of melanocytes (pigment cells) in the hair follicle. This happens as we age and, unfortunately, there is no treatment that can restore these cells and the pigment they produce, melanin, Dr. Lindsey A. Bordone, a dermatologist at ColumbiaDoctors and an assistant professor of dermatology at Columbia University Medical Center in New York, told Healthline. Genetic factors determine when you go gray. There is nothing that can be done medically to prevent this from happening when it is genetically predetermined to happen.

That doesnt mean environmental factors such as stress dont play a role.

Smoking, for instance, is a known risk factor for premature graying, according to a 2013 study. So kick the habit if you want to keep that color a little longer.

Other contributing factors to premature graying include deficiencies in protein, vitamin B-12, copper, and iron as well as aging due in part to an accumulation of oxidative stress.

That stress is prompted by an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in your body that can damage tissue, proteins, and DNA, Kasey Nichols, NMD, an Arizona physician and a health expert at Rave Reviews, told Healthline.

And some degree of oxidative stress is a natural part of life.

We would expect increasing gray hair as we advance in age, and we see about a 10 percent increase in the chance of developing gray hair for every decade after age 30, Nichols said.

Changes you can pursue to delay premature grays include eating a diet high in omega-3 fatty acids such as walnuts and fatty fish, not spending too much time in the skin-damaging and hair-damaging ultraviolet light of the sun, and taking vitamin B-12 and vitamin B-6 supplements.

That said, if you are going gray prematurely, it wouldnt hurt to go have a checkup just in case natural genetic factors arent the sole culprit.

The new Harvard research is only a mouse study, so replicating the same results in a human study would be necessary to strengthen the findings.

But the Harvard research has implications far beyond graying hair, with the hair color change merely one obvious sign of other internal changes as a result of prolonged stress.

By understanding precisely how stress affects stem cells that regenerate pigment, weve laid the groundwork for understanding how stress affects other tissues and organs in the body, said Hsu. Understanding how our tissues change under stress is the first critical step towards eventual treatment that can halt or revert the detrimental impact of stress.

Might that also mean someday halting and reverting the march of premature gray hair? Its too soon to tell.

We still have a lot to learn in this area, Hsu said.

See original here:
Scientists Think They Know How Stress Causes Gray Hair - Healthline

Scientists now say they may have discovered that stress makes your hair go grey.

Science really is just catching up on things we already knew.

I bet theres a team following bears around with a bucket and a map (spoiler alert, you might want to head to the woods).

The researchers from American and Brazil teamed up to do experiments on mice.

They found stem cells that control skin and hair colour became damaged after intense stress.

Firstly, did they realise that some mice are white already? I hope so.

Secondly, how much stress does a mouse go through?

I thought this would explain why, if you have faced redundancy or are moving house, you might start to notice the odd grey strand.

Do mice worry about job losses?

Does Mr Mouse go home and tell his wife that Bagpuss has announced cutbacks and they all have to reapply for their positions?

How can this research help humans?

If you want to keep your glowing, coloured hair avoid the stress of going near cats?

The stem cells that create hair colour are used up doing times of stress.

Does this mean the more hair cells you have the better you will be at dealing with stress?

That is more bad news for balding people like myself, although if you include back hair I might be the most resilient person alive.

As ever, I think this piece of science news can help me get to my first million.

Im going to make money selling grey hair dye.

Not hair dye for grey hair, dye to turn your hair grey.

Everyone loves to claim that theyre really busy and stressed these days. If you ask how someone has been they will tell you how much of a challenge theyre up against in a bid to get some sympathy from you.

With Steve N Allens new improved Greycian 2000 you can look like youre so stressed your stem cells ran out years ago.

Steve N Allen is a comedian and broadcaster who was raised in Sutton-in-Ashfield.

Here is the original post:
Take the stress out of going grey by just going grey before you start - Mansfield and Ashfield Chad

With so many groundbreaking medical advances being revealed to the world every single day, you would imagine there would be some advancement on the plethora of many female-prevalent diseases (think female cancers, Alzheimer's, depression, heart conditions etc.) that women are fighting every single day.

For Anna Villarreal and her team, there frankly wasn't enough being done. In turn, she developed a method that diagnoses these diseases earlier than traditional methods, using a pretty untraditional method in itself: through your menstrual blood.

Getting from point A to point B wasn't so easy though. Villarreal was battling a disease herself and through that experience. I wondered if there was a way to test menstrual blood for female specific diseases," she says. "Perhaps my situation could have been prevented or at least better managed. This led me to begin researching menstrual blood as a diagnostic source. For reasons the scientific and medical community do not fully understand, certain diseases impact women differently than men. The research shows that clinical trials have a disproportionate focus on male research subjects despite clear evidence that many diseases impact more women than men."

There's also no denying that gap in women's healthcare in clinical research involving female subjects - which is exactly what inspired Villarreal to launch her company, LifeStory Health. She says that, with my personal experience everything was brought full circle."

There is a challenge and a need in the medical community for more sex-specific research. I believe the omission of females as research subjects is putting women's health at risk and we need to fuel a conversation that will improve women's healthcare.,"

-Anna Villarreal

Her brand new biotech company is committed to changing the women's healthcare market through technology, innovation and vocalization and through extensive research and testing. She is working to develop the first ever, non-invasive, menstrual blood diagnostic and has partnered with a top Boston-area University on research and has won awards from The International Society for Pharmaceutical Engineering and Northeastern University's RISE.

How does it work exactly? Proteins are discovered in menstrual blood that can quickly and easily detect, manage and track diseases in women, resulting in diseases that can be earlier detected, treated and even prevented in the first place. The menstrual blood is easy to collect and since it's a relatively unexplored diagnostic it's honestly a really revolutionary concept, too.

So far, the reactions of this innovative research has been nothing but excitement. The reactions have been incredibly positive." she shares with SWAAY. Currently, menstrual blood is discarded as bio waste, but it could carry the potential for new breakthroughs in diagnosis. When I educate women on the lack of female subjects used in research and clinical trials, they are surprised and very excited at the prospect that LifeStory Health may provide a solution and the key to early detection."

To give a doctor's input, and a little bit more of an explanation as to why this really works, Dr. Pat Salber, MD, and Founder of The Doctor Weighs In comments: researchers have been studying stem cells derived from menstrual blood for more than a decade. Stem cells are cells that have the capability of differentiating into different types of tissues. There are two major types of stem cells, embryonic and adult. Adult stem cells have a more limited differentiation potential, but avoid the ethical issues that have surrounded research with embryonic stem cells. Stem cells from menstrual blood are adult stem cells."

These stem cells are so important when it comes to new findings. Stem cells serve as the backbone of research in the field of regenerative medicine the focus which is to grow tissues, such as skin, to repair burn and other types of serious skin wounds.

A certain type of stem cell, known as mesenchymal stem cells (MenSCs) derived from menstrual blood has been found to both grow well in the lab and have the capability to differentiate in various cell types, including skin. In addition to being used to grow tissues, their properties can be studied that will elucidate many different aspects of cell function," Dr. Salber explains.

To show the outpour of support for her efforts and this major girl power research, Villarreal remarks, women are volunteering their samples happily report the arrival of their periods by giving samples to our lab announcing de-identified sample number XXX arrived today!" It's a far cry from the stereotype of when it's that time of the month."

How are these collections being done? Although it might sound odd to collect menstrual blood, plastic cups have been developed to use in the collection process. This is similar to menstrual products, called menstrual cups, that have been on the market for many years," Dr. Salber says.

Equally shocking and innovative, this might be something that becomes more common practice in the future. And according to Dr. Salber, women may be able to not only use the menstrual blood for early detection, but be able to store the stem cells from it to help treat future diseases. Companies are working to commercialize the use of menstrual blood stem cells. One company, for example, is offering a patented service to store menstrual blood stem cells for use in tissue generation if the need arises."

See original here:
How I Went From Managing Complexity to Becoming a U.S. Ambassador and CEO - SWAAY

If you havent chanced upon a gua sha stone facial or a jade roller video on your social media, are you even on it? The ancient Chinese technique of face massaging is gaining traction thanks to beauty bloggers sharing their basic kneads. If you have stumbled upon these videos but have no clue whats going on, read on. Dermatologist Dr Nirupama Parwanda says that the basics come from traditional Chinese wisdom: improper blood circulation and stagnant blood flow is one of the main reasons behind various diseases. To improve circulation and drain toxins, you can try jade rollers and gua sha an alternative therapy that involves massaging your skin using special tools. Parwanda says, Our bodies have a source of energy known as chi flowing through it. And to ensure good health and prosperity, we must balance it. Dr Rinky Kapoor, dermatologist and dermato-surgeon, explains, Both rollers and gua sha are made of stones such as quartz, jade, rose quartz and amethyst known for their healing properties. Gua sha is also known as coining, skin scrapping or pressure stroking. FLOW AND GLOWBoth work on the principle of improving blood flow under the skin and enhancing lymphatic drainage. This helps carry the oxygen to the skin cells, which in turn makes the skin tissues healthy, and reduces fine lines and wrinkles. Parwanda says that gua sha is also called natural botox as it helps in controlling signs of ageing. The proven benefits are: pain reduction in muscles and joints; reduction in perimenopause symptoms like anxiety, insomnia, hot flashes; improved blood circulation, removal of toxins. It also treats musculoskeletal disorders and reduces wrinkles.

TOO GOOD TO BE TRUE?Kapoor cautions that just looking at videos online doesnt mean you know the proper way to use it. You need to follow the process to reap the maximum benefits. Also, theres not one simple process for both jade roller and gua sha. Think of it as driving while the basics of accelerator, brake and clutch remain the same, driving styles are different, she says. Start both facials from the neck and then move upwards and with upward strokes. Rollers are simpler to use as you can just start massaging on the outward and upward direction from one point, except for the neck, where the massaging motion is downwards. Gua sha facials require more technique. Tip: you can learn from a practitioner.

Continue reading here:
Roll play: Jade rollers and gua sha stone are making waves in skincare - Times of India

With so many groundbreaking medical advances being revealed to the world every single day, you would imagine there would be some advancement on the plethora of many female-prevalent diseases (think female cancers, Alzheimer's, depression, heart conditions etc.) that women are fighting every single day.

For Anna Villarreal and her team, there frankly wasn't enough being done. In turn, she developed a method that diagnoses these diseases earlier than traditional methods, using a pretty untraditional method in itself: through your menstrual blood.

Getting from point A to point B wasn't so easy though. Villarreal was battling a disease herself and through that experience. I wondered if there was a way to test menstrual blood for female specific diseases," she says. "Perhaps my situation could have been prevented or at least better managed. This led me to begin researching menstrual blood as a diagnostic source. For reasons the scientific and medical community do not fully understand, certain diseases impact women differently than men. The research shows that clinical trials have a disproportionate focus on male research subjects despite clear evidence that many diseases impact more women than men."

There's also no denying that gap in women's healthcare in clinical research involving female subjects - which is exactly what inspired Villarreal to launch her company, LifeStory Health. She says that, with my personal experience everything was brought full circle."

There is a challenge and a need in the medical community for more sex-specific research. I believe the omission of females as research subjects is putting women's health at risk and we need to fuel a conversation that will improve women's healthcare.,"

-Anna Villarreal

Her brand new biotech company is committed to changing the women's healthcare market through technology, innovation and vocalization and through extensive research and testing. She is working to develop the first ever, non-invasive, menstrual blood diagnostic and has partnered with a top Boston-area University on research and has won awards from The International Society for Pharmaceutical Engineering and Northeastern University's RISE.

How does it work exactly? Proteins are discovered in menstrual blood that can quickly and easily detect, manage and track diseases in women, resulting in diseases that can be earlier detected, treated and even prevented in the first place. The menstrual blood is easy to collect and since it's a relatively unexplored diagnostic it's honestly a really revolutionary concept, too.

So far, the reactions of this innovative research has been nothing but excitement. The reactions have been incredibly positive." she shares with SWAAY. Currently, menstrual blood is discarded as bio waste, but it could carry the potential for new breakthroughs in diagnosis. When I educate women on the lack of female subjects used in research and clinical trials, they are surprised and very excited at the prospect that LifeStory Health may provide a solution and the key to early detection."

To give a doctor's input, and a little bit more of an explanation as to why this really works, Dr. Pat Salber, MD, and Founder of The Doctor Weighs In comments: researchers have been studying stem cells derived from menstrual blood for more than a decade. Stem cells are cells that have the capability of differentiating into different types of tissues. There are two major types of stem cells, embryonic and adult. Adult stem cells have a more limited differentiation potential, but avoid the ethical issues that have surrounded research with embryonic stem cells. Stem cells from menstrual blood are adult stem cells."

These stem cells are so important when it comes to new findings. Stem cells serve as the backbone of research in the field of regenerative medicine the focus which is to grow tissues, such as skin, to repair burn and other types of serious skin wounds.

A certain type of stem cell, known as mesenchymal stem cells (MenSCs) derived from menstrual blood has been found to both grow well in the lab and have the capability to differentiate in various cell types, including skin. In addition to being used to grow tissues, their properties can be studied that will elucidate many different aspects of cell function," Dr. Salber explains.

To show the outpour of support for her efforts and this major girl power research, Villarreal remarks, women are volunteering their samples happily report the arrival of their periods by giving samples to our lab announcing de-identified sample number XXX arrived today!" It's a far cry from the stereotype of when it's that time of the month."

How are these collections being done? Although it might sound odd to collect menstrual blood, plastic cups have been developed to use in the collection process. This is similar to menstrual products, called menstrual cups, that have been on the market for many years," Dr. Salber says.

Equally shocking and innovative, this might be something that becomes more common practice in the future. And according to Dr. Salber, women may be able to not only use the menstrual blood for early detection, but be able to store the stem cells from it to help treat future diseases. Companies are working to commercialize the use of menstrual blood stem cells. One company, for example, is offering a patented service to store menstrual blood stem cells for use in tissue generation if the need arises."

View post:
What I Learned About Marriage as a Survivor of Abuse - SWAAY

Marie Antoinette's hair suddenly turned white before the ill-fated French queen was taken to the guillotine to have her head chopped off, according to some historical accounts.

More modern reports refer to hair turning prematurely white in survivors of bomb attacks during World War II, while an Australian airline pilot saw his hair go grey in the months after landing a plane following a failure of all four engines in the early 1980s.

While there's been plenty of anecdotal evidence suggesting premature greying can be caused by extreme stress -- whether this is true and how this happens isn't widely understood.

Now, Harvard University scientists think they have the answer -- at least in mice.

The group of researchers believe it's down to the animal's sympathetic nervous system -- which is best known for activating our "fight or flight" response to danger, they say.

"Under stress, our sympathetic nerve becomes highly activated," said Ya-Chieh Hsu, associate professor of stem cell and regenerative biology at Harvard, in an email. "And actually, activation of the sympathetic nervous system under stress is supposed to be a good thing."

Its activation triggers the "fight or flight" response through the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, or noradrenaline, explained Hsu, a senior author of the study published Wednesday in the scientific journal Nature. "Noradrenaline raises our heartbeat and allows us to react quickly to danger without having to think about it," he said.

"However, it is the same noradrenaline that turns out to be bad for melanocyte stem cells at a high level, and triggers their loss."

Melanocyte stem cells are found in hair follicles and determine hair colour. In people, the pool of these cells deplete as they age, turning hair grey as pigment depletes. Their loss from excessive noradrenaline could be causing this to happen prematurely, the team suggest.

Loss of pigment

The team had thought that acute stress might trigger an immune attack on pigment-producing stem cells or that the blame lied with the hormone cortisol because cortisol levels are elevated under stress. Hsu said they went through many different possibilities before focusing on the sympathetic nervous system.

"We were really surprised to find that it was the culprit, because it is normally seen as a beneficial system, or at least transient and reversible," she said.

The team put mice under three different types of stress through what Hsu described as established standard protocols. These included a single injection of a chemical to activate the mouse's pain fiber, cage tilting and rapid changes between light and dark.

Changes were observed in all mice but there was some variability, with white hair only coming out after all the stem cells are gone.

"Some hair follicles have reduced levels of melanocyte stem cells so they can still make pigment, while others have lost all stem cells and can't make pigment anymore, so the hair becomes white," she said.

Pigment-producing stem cells and the sympathetic nervous system are very similar in mice and humans, explained Hsu who was hopeful that the mechanisms would be related. But future studies would be needed to provide definitive evidence, she said.

"Everyone has an anecdote to share about how stress affects their body, particularly in their skin and hair the only tissues we can see from the outside," Hsu said in a news release.

"We wanted to understand if this connection is true, and if so, how stress leads to changes in diverse tissues. Hair pigmentation is such an accessible and tractable system to start with and besides, we were genuinely curious to see if stress indeed leads to hair greying."

Hsu said the findings may also help shed light on the effects of stress on various organs and tissues, and pave the way for new studies that seek to modify or block the damaging effects of stress.

In an accompanying article, Shayla Clark and Christopher Deppmann, researchers from the Neuroscience Graduate Program at the University of Virginia, who were not involved in the study, said it was interesting to consider what possible evolutionary advantage might be conferred by stress-induced greying.

"Because grey hair is most often linked to age, it could be associated with experience, leadership and trust. Perhaps an animal that has endured enough stress to 'earn' grey hair has a higher place in the social order than would ordinarily be conferred by that individual's age," they wrote.

Continued here:
Scientists prove link between stress and prematurely greying hair - Newstalk ZB

Everyone sheds about 100 hairs each day as part of the normal hair growth cycle, but excess loss is usually a distressing development.(iStock)

Hair loss is typically considered the domain of aging men, but this equal-opportunity condition which has many causes can affect virtually anyone.

Alopecia is the medical term for hair loss, and it doesnt only happen on the scalp. Some illnesses and medications can trigger balding over the entire body, though genetics account for most cases on the head, according to theCleveland Clinic.

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Everyone sheds about 100 hairs each day as part of the normal hair growth cycle, but excess loss is usually a distressing development. Americans spend more than $3.5 billion each year trying to treat it, according to theAmerican Hair Loss Association.

Most peoples hair grows about a half-inch per month, and about 90 percentof your hair is actively growing at any given time, with the other 10 percentin dormant phase. After two or three months, this dormant hair falls out and its follicles begin growing new hair as other follicles begin a dormant phase.

Shedding hair is different from hair loss, when a hair falls out and doesnt grow back. People often shed hair during stressful events, such aschildbirth, a breakup or divorce or during times of grief.

It still doesnt feel good, and it takes the hair [awhile] to reach a certain length where you perceive its presence, said Doris Day, a board-certified dermatologist New York City and an attending physician at Lenox Hill Hospital, also in New York. So it feels like a hair loss, but its not a hair loss.

Aside from heredity, noticeable hair loss can be caused by wide variety of factors, including:

Harsh hairstyles or treatments: Hairstyles that consistently use rubber bands, rollers or barrettes, or pull hair into tight styles such as cornrows, can inflame and scar hair follicles. So can incorrectly used chemical products such as dyes, bleaches, straighteners or permanent wave solutions. Depending on the degree of damage, resulting hair loss can be permanent.

Hormone imbalances: In women, hormonal shifts from birth control pills,pregnancy, childbirth, menopause or hysterectomy can induce more hair follicles than normal to enter the dormant phase.

Illness or surgery: The stress from sickness or surgery may prompt the body to temporarily cease nonessential tasks such as hair production. Specific conditions can also trigger it, including thyroid disorders,syphilis, iron deficiency,lupusor severe infection. An autoimmune condition called alopecia areata, which has no cure, causes rapid body-wide hair loss.

Medications and vitamins: Cancer chemotherapy, which attacks hair follicles in its attempt to kill all fast-growing cells around the body, is a well-known reason for hair loss. Other medications side effects include hair shedding as well, such as some that treat high blood pressure andgout(a painful joint condition caused by a buildup of uric acid). Excessive levels of vitamin A also contribute.

Nutritional deficits: Heavy dieting or eating disorders such asbulimiaandanorexiacan temporarily stun hair follicles to cease growth. This can also occur from insufficient protein, vitamin or mineral intake.

Aging: A natural effect of growing older is slowed hair growth.

Women usually dont go completely bald, but lose hair on the top of the head or the temples. Men tend to lose hair on their temples, and are more likely than women to go completely bald, Day said.

Dermatologists will examine the persons scalp and take a history of medical or stressful events to see whats been going on in their life and their world, Day said.

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The dermatologist may take a biopsy a small patch of skin that includes the hair follicle and send it to a pathologist to determine if an autoimmune disease, such as lupus, is the cause of the hair loss.

Examining the hair and follicle can also determine whether someone has a bacterial or fungal infection, Day said.

Hair loss remedies range from the mild to the extreme and the inexpensive to the costly. Much depends on how much hair is gone and how high a priority it is to mask its absence or replace it.

According to the Cleveland Clinic, treatments include:

Hair weaves or wigs: Typically expensive, wigs and hair weaves either completely cover the head or add to existing hair, restoring the appearance of a full head of hair. They are especially practical for cancer patients and those whose hair loss is temporary.

Topical creams and lotions: Over-the-counter minoxidil (also known as the brand name Rogaine) can restore some hair growth, especially in those with hereditary hair loss. It is applied directly to the scalp. Prescription-strength finasteride (Propecia) comes in pill form and is only for men. According to theAmerican Academy of Family Physicians(AFP), it may take up to six months to tell if these medications are working.

Anti-inflammatory medications: Prescription steroid-based creams or injections can calm follicles damaged or inflamed by harsh chemicals or excessive pulling.

Surgery: Men tend to be better candidates for surgical hair-replacement techniques because their hair loss is often limited to one or two areas of the scalp. Procedures include grafting, which transplants from one to 15 hairs per disc-shaped graft to other locations. Scalp reduction removes bald skin from the scalp so hair-covered scalp can be stretched to fill in the bald areas. Side effects include swelling, bruising and headaches.

Hair-growth laser treatment can also help stimulate hair follicles and improve growth, Day said. People often see results when they combine laser treatment with another intervention, she said. Treatments range in price from $30 and up for Rogaine to about $3,000 for laser treatment, she added.

According to theNational Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases(NIAMSD), alternative therapies may not help hair regrow and many are not supported by medical research. However, other treatments that reportedly improve alopecia areata include Chinese herbs, acupuncture, zinc and vitamin supplements, evening primrose oil and aroma therapy.

Viviscal, a natural supplement, has also shownmore hair growthin men compared to those who took fish extract in clinical trials, Day said.

The NIAMSD recommends discussing any alternative treatments with physicians before use.

The drug Tofacitinib is approved to treat adults witharthritis, but a growing number of cases suggest that it can also treat alopecia universalis, a condition in which people lose all of the hair on their body because theirimmune systemattacks hair follicles,Live Science previously reported.

The finding occurred after doctors prescribed a 25-year-old man with alopecia universalis the drug because they had heard it had treated a similar condition in mice,according to a statement from Yale University. After three months of treatment, the man had completely regrown the hair on his scalp, and he had visible eyebrows, eyelashes, facial hair, as well as hair elsewhere on his body.

Its exciting, said Day, who did not treat this particular patient. There seems to be a real effect here.

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Its unclear how Tofacitinib (brand name Xeljanz) works, but researchers hope to determine its mechanism soon. This data may help them learn which biological pathways lead to hair loss.

There are now clinical trials taking place around the country to test the safety and efficacy of the drug for hair loss conditions. One such study lasting 3 months gave Tofacitinib to 66 people with alopecia areata (an immune system condition that causes hair to fall out in patches). Half of the people regrew some hair, and one-third had more than 50 percentof the hair on their scalp grow back, according to the 2016 study, published in the journalJCI Insight.

However, researchers are still working to determine the best dose needed, whether the results are lasting, and whether they can develop a topical form of the drug, Day said. She added that patients should be aware that Tofacitinib has side effects. Its already associated with an increased risk of serious infections, as well as stomach and intestinal tears, according to Pfizer, the manufacturer.

Besides investigating Tofacitinib, researchers are also looking at ways to clone hair or use stem cell therapy to treat alopecia, Day said.

This article first appeared on LiveScience.

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Alopecia: What causes the hair loss condition? - foxwilmington.com

Former President Barack Obama is pictured at the beginning of his presidency in January 2009 and at the end, during President Donald Trumps inauguration eight years later. Harvard researchers, for the first time, have discovered how stress turns hair gray. AP file photos

Back in 2009, a New York Times article appeared with the headline, After 44 days in the White House, Obamas hair is grayer. The article referred to a common trend of presidents hair turning dramatically gray during their terms in the Whitehouse.

This idea of stress turning hair gray has pervaded popular culture for centuries. Its often referred to as Marie Antoinette syndrome, in reference to an oft-told, but most likely apocryphal, story of the ill-fated French queens hair turning white overnight after being captured during the revolution.

While the idea of ones hair turning white in an instant after a sudden fright is an amusing cartoonish fiction, there is a solid body of anecdotal evidence describing instances where hair rapidly turns white after months, or even weeks, of stress or trauma.

In a new mouse study published in the journal Nature, scientists from Harvard linked the sympathetic nervous systemthe one thats behind your fight or flight responseto developing gray hair. When youre stressed out, your system releases the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, which primes your body for action.

The researchers discovered that norepinephrine damages melanocyte stem cells, which help regenerate color within your hair follicles. As a result, if youre often stressed, you can prematurely develop gray hair.

During the study, researchers put mice through three different types of stress. All mice had some changes in their hair color, but only the ones who lost all of their melanocyte stem cells after intense stress developed white hair. Stress isnt the only factor: Previous research has also suggested that melanocyte stem cells are simply damaged with time.

When we started to study this, I expected that stress was bad for the body but the detrimental impact of stress that we discovered was beyond what I imagined, study author Ya-Chieh Hsu, Ph.D., said in a statement. After just a few days, all of the pigment-regenerating stem cells were lost. Once theyre gone, you cant regenerate pigments anymore. The damage is permanent.

Of course, this study was conducted on mice, not humans, but the idea works in theory for people, too, says Gary Goldenberg, M.D., an assistant clinical professor of dermatology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City.

Popular belief has always been that physical and emotional stress causes ones hair to turn gray. Weve known for a while that melanocytes in the hair follicles are a lot more sensitive than the same cells that reside in the skin, Dr. Goldenberg says. Therefore stress, whether oxidative, hormonal, or inflammatory, can cause destruction of these cells.

Finding ways to de-stress can do wonders for your whole bodynot just your hair. We know that stress has a negative impact on our health and skin in general, says Joshua Zeichner, M.D., director of cosmetic and clinical research in dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City.

He says that stress has been shown to impair wound healing, promote acne breakouts, and worsen skin conditions like eczema and psoriasis. (Not to mention, it can also boost your risk of life-threatening conditions, like heart disease.)

Of course, stressing less could help improve your healthand possibly even slow down your graysbut thats simply easier said than done. Its not enough to say dont stress, since this is something most of us cant control, Dr. Goldenberg says. But helping your body diminish normal stress may be helpful.

He recommends doing your best to eat a nutrient-rich diet, hydrate often, and exercise regularly to be kind to your body and lower your natural stress levels. (Check out these science-backed ways to relax, too.)

And, if you develop gray hair anyway, embrace itits a natural part of getting older.

(with inputs from Agencies)

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Study finds that stress really can turn your hair gray - Khabarhub

Healthcare, a constantly evolving and growing space is ascending to the next level with Additive Manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing, which is a process of creating three dimensional solid objects by means of a digital file. 3D printing is being effectively used across many industries and is now finding increasing usage in the medicine and pharmaceutical sector as well. Here are some of the revolutionary advancements of 3D printing.

As 3D printing has revolutionized the manufacturing process, doctors and researchers are hopeful that it will benefit millions of people in need of artificial braces and limbs. 3D printing is one of the most sought after innovations that introduced less expensive prosthetics. Individuals pay anywhere between three lakh rupees to thirty lakhs rupees for prosthetics. With 3D printing, the cost drops considerably to an astonishing 3000 rupees, resulting in economic viability.

In a recent testing, researchers have exhibited a model for a 3D bioprinter that can make operational human skin. It can be used on patients who require skin grafting, for clinical studies and research experiments as well as the testing of pharmaceutical, chemical, and cosmetic, products. It is also apt for use in transplants on burn patients and those with other skin problems.

The need for partial skull replacements has increased in the recent past. In dangerous accidents where the skull of an individual is damaged beyond repair, skull plates are fixed to allow continuous functionality. The skull is first scanned to create a digital replica, before a replacement plate s printed out. This step in 3D printing is a boon for crucial and Immediate skull replacement surgeries.

Doctors have recently honed an innovative method to develop a fully formed human ear, utilizing the patients own stem cells. By beginning with a 3D printed polymer mould of an ear, the procedure involves implanting stem cells that are derived from fat.

Personalised dosage is another revolutionary step in 3D printing that will benefit millions, globally. A doctor would be able to use each patients individual information to customise and produce an optimal medication dose, rather than relying on a standard set of dosages.

Although, 3D printing in the pharmaceutical sector witnessed greater advancements, there is much to explore and develop further. Nevertheless, there is a constant process of upgrading and enhancing current printing technology and materials.

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How 3D Printing Is Changing Healthcare - Version Weekly

New Delhi, Jan 24 : Breast cancer in men is rarely seen. It shares many similarities with cancer of the breast in women but there are some important differences too.

Male breast cancer represents between 0.5 and 1 per cent of all breast cancers diagnosed each year. Higher rates of male breast cancer in central and eastern Africa may be related to higher liver infectious diseases that lead to hypoestrogenism.

Dr Kumardeep Dutta Choudhury, Senior Consultant & Head of Department, Dept of Medical Oncology (IOSPL), Fortis Hospital, Noida, shares the facts you need to know about it.

Risk factors associated with breast cancer in men:Genetics and family historyFamily history of breast cancer in a first-degree relative is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer among men. Approximately 15 to 20 per cent of men with breast cancer have a family history of the disease compared with only 7 per cent of the general male population.

The risk is higher with inherited BRCA2 rather than BRCA1 mutations. Other genes which have been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in men are PTEN tumor suppressor gene (Cowden syndrome), tumor protein p53 (TP53; Li-Fraumeni syndrome), partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2), and mismatch repair genes (Lynch syndrome).

Alterations of the estrogen to androgen ratioExcessive estrogen stimulation may be due to hormonal therapies (e.g., estrogen-containing compounds or testosterone), hepatic dysfunction, obesity, marijuana use, thyroid disease, or an inherited condition, such as Klinefelter syndrome may increase risk of male breast cancer.

Primary testicular conditionsTesticular conditions may increase risk of breast cancer in men include orchitis, undescended testes (cryptorchidism), and testicular injury.

PRESENTATION:Male breast cancer has been diagnosed at a more advanced stage than female breast cancer, due to a lack of awareness. They generally present with a painless, firm mass that is usually subareolar, with nipple involvement in 40 to 50 percent of cases. The left breast is involved slightly more often than the right, and less than 1 percent of cases are bilateral. There may be associated skin changes, including nipple retraction, ulceration, or fixation of the mass to the skin or underlying tissues. Axillary nodes are typically palpable in advanced cases.

Most histologic subtypes of breast cancer seen in women are also present in men, men with breast cancer are rarely diagnosed with lobular carcinomas is due to lack of acini and lobules in the normal male breast, although these can be induced in the context of estrogenic stimulation.

TREATMENT:Approach to treatment in men is same as that for women. However, role of breast conserving surgery is limited because of small volume of breast tissue. In hormone receptor-positive disease, we give adjuvant tamoxifen rather than an aromatase inhibitor (AI), because of insufficient evidence to support AI monotherapy for men. If there are contraindications to tamoxifen (e.g., hypercoagulable state), an AI with GnRHa may be administered. AIs do not reduce testicular production of estrogens, that's why GnRHa is administered concurrently with AI. They are treated with mastectomy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormone therapy.

SURVEILLANCE:Limited data suggest these patients are at an increased risk of a contralateral breast cancer, but absolute risk is low. They are also at risk for secondary malignancies and 12.5 percent may develop a second primary cancer. The most common types were gastrointestinal, pancreas, non-melanoma skin, and prostate cancerPROGNOSIS:Ten-year disease-specific survival rates for histologically negative nodes - 77 and 84 per cent, one to three positive nodes - 50 and 44 per cent and four or more histologically positive nodes - 24 and 14 per cent.

-- The story has been published from a wire feed without any modifications to the text

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All you need to know about Male Breast Cancer - Prokerala