Archive for December, 2019

TORONTO , Dec. 31, 2019 /CNW/ - HLS Therapeutics Inc. ("HLS" or the "Company") (HLS.TO), a specialty pharmaceutical company focusing on central nervous system and cardiovascular markets, is pleased to announce that Health Canada has approved the use of Vascepa (icosapent ethyl) to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, coronary revascularization or hospitalization for unstable angina) in statin-treated patients with elevated triglycerides, who are at high risk of cardiovascular events due to established cardiovascular disease, or diabetes, and at least one other cardiovascular risk factor. HLS in-licensed the exclusive rights to Vascepa for the Canadian market from Amarin Corporation (AMRN) in 2017.

"Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and Vascepa provides a new treatment option for healthcare practitioners to enhance cardiovascular protection for the many Canadians at risk of a cardiac event," said Dr. Jean-Claude Tardif , Cardiologist and Director, Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre.

In the global REDUCE-IT cardiovascular outcomes study, approximately 28 percent of patients in the control arm treated with statins and other contemporary therapy but not treated with Vascepa experienced a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), defined as the first occurrence of either myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke, coronary revascularization, unstable angina requiring hospitalization or cardiovascular death.2As evidenced by this MACE occurrence, there is a group of patients who, despite controlling their cholesterol on statin therapy, continue to have a high need for additional preventative cardiovascular care. For those adult patients in this group who have elevated serum triglycerides (TG) levels (1.5mmol/L and < 5.6mmol/L) and established cardiovascular disease or diabetes and at least one additional risk factor for cardiovascular disease, Vascepa showed a 25% risk reduction in the first occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events and is the first drug approved to help reduce this persistent cardiovascular risk in that specified population.

"As approved by Health Canada, Vascepa is intended to address a serious, life-threatening condition for which no drug is currently marketed in Canada , and for which there is substantial evidence of clinical effectiveness of the treatment. These factors led to Health Canada's priority review of the product and now serve as the foundation for Vascepa to be a transformative product for HLS," said Greg Gubitz , CEO of HLS. "Looking ahead, we are now in the final phase of preparation for the commercial launch of Vascepa in Canada , which we expect will take place in the mid-February 2020 timeframe."

Vascepa is the subject of numerous Canadian issued patents and pending patents with expiration dates which could extend to 2039. The eligible patents will be added to Health Canada's Patent Register following receipt of NOC and in accordance with Health Canada's process.

The approval of Vascepa is supported by data from REDUCE-IT2, an 8,179-patient cardiovascular outcomes study that was completed in 2018. REDUCE-IT was the first multinational cardiovascular outcomes study that evaluated the effect of pure and stable EPA therapy as an add-on to statins in patients with high cardiovascular risk who, despite stable statin therapy, had elevated serum triglyceride levels (1.5mmol/L and <5.6mmol/L). A large portion of the male and female patients enrolled in this outcomes study were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. REDUCE-IT studied Vascepa at four grams/day as compared to placebo. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of Vascepa(icosapent ethyl) capsules to reduce cardiovascular risk in December 2019 . More information on the REDUCE-IT study results can be found at https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1812792

HLS paid Amarin $5.0 million to in-license the exclusive Canadian rights to Vascepa in 2017 and a further $2.5 million on the successful REDUCE-IT trial results in 2018. As a result of this approval by Health Canada, HLS will pay a further $2.5 million milestone payment. All amounts are in U.S. dollars.

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ABOUT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE Worldwide, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the #1 cause of mortality of men and women.

Multipleprimary and secondary preventiontrials have shown a significant reduction of 25% to 35% in the risk ofcardiovascular eventswithstatintherapy, leaving significant persistent residual risk despite the achievement of target LDL-C levels.3

Beyond the cardiovascular risk associated with LDL-C, genetic, epidemiologic, clinical and real-world data suggest that patients with elevated triglycerides (TG) (fats in the blood), and TG-rich lipoproteins, are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.4, 5, 6, 7

ABOUT VASCEPA (ICOSAPENT ETHYL) CAPSULES Vascepa (icosapent ethyl) capsules are a single-molecule prescription product consisting of the omega-3 acid commonly known as EPA in ethyl-ester form (known as icosapent ethyl or IPE). Vascepa is derived from fish through a stringent and complex FDA-regulated manufacturing process designed to effectively eliminate impurities and isolate and protect the single molecule active ingredient icosapent ethyl from degradation. Amarin has been issued multiple patents internationally based on the unique clinical profile of Vascepa, including the drug's ability to lower triglyceride levels in relevant patient populations without raising LDL-cholesterol levels.

ABOUT HLS THERAPEUTICS INC.Formed in 2015, HLS is a specialty pharmaceutical company focused on the acquisition and commercialization of late stage development, commercial stage promoted and established branded pharmaceutical products in the North American markets. HLS's focus is on products targeting the central nervous system and cardiovascular therapeutic areas. HLS's management team is composed of seasoned pharmaceutical executives with a strong track record of success in these therapeutic areas and at managing products in each of these lifecycle stages. For more information visit: http://www.hlstherapeutics.com

FORWARD LOOKING INFORMATIONThis release includes forward-looking statements regarding HLS and its business. Such statements are based on the current expectations and views of future events of HLS's management. In some cases the forward-looking statements can be identified by words or phrases such as "may", "will", "expect", "plan", "anticipate", "intend", "potential", "estimate", "believe" or the negative of these terms, or other similar expressions intended to identify forward-looking statements, including, among others, statements with respect to HLS's pursuit of additional product and pipeline opportunities in certain therapeutic markets, statements regarding growth opportunities and expectations regarding financial performance. The forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in this release may not occur and could differ materially as a result of known and unknown risk factors and uncertainties affecting HLS, including risks relating to the specialty pharmaceutical industry, risks related to the regulatory approval process, economic factors and many other factors beyond the control of HLS. Forward-looking statements and information by their nature are based on assumptions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause HLS's actual results, performance or achievements, or industry results, to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statement or information. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements or information. A discussion of the material risks and assumptions associated with this release can be found in the Company's Annual Information Form dated April 1, 2019 , which has been filed on SEDAR and can be accessed at http://www.sedar.com. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements or information. Except as required by applicable securities laws, forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made and HLS undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

REFERENCES1 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death2 Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M, Brinton EA, Jacobson TA, Ketchum SB, Doyle RT, Juliano RA, Jiao L, Granowitz C, Tardif JC, Ballantyne CM. Cardiovascular Risk Reduction with Icosapent Ethyl for Hypertriglyceridemia. N Engl J Med2019;380:11-22.3Ganda OP, Bhatt DL, Mason RP, et al. Unmet need for adjunctive dyslipidemia therapy in hypertriglyceridemia management. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72(3):330-343.4Budoff M. Triglycerides and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in the causal pathway of cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol. 2016;118:138-145.5Toth PP, Granowitz C, Hull M, et al. High triglycerides are associated with increased cardiovascular events, medical costs, and resource use: A real-world administrative claims analysis of statin-treated patients with high residual cardiovascular risk. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(15):e008740.6Nordestgaard BG. Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease - New insights from epidemiology, genetics, and biology. Circ Res. 2016;118:547-563.7Nordestgaard BG, Varbo A. Triglycerides and cardiovascular disease. Lancet. 2014;384:626635.

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HLS Therapeutics Announces Health Canada Approval for Vascepa to Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular Events - Yahoo Finance

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The U.S. Department of Defense circulated a memo warning troops against using inexpensive home genetic testing kits. The memo cited the possibility of troops getting incorrect information about their genetic medical history but also the possibility that unknown parties could use the information to create security consequences that pose a risk to military operations.

According to an exclusive by Yahoo News, the memo warns soldiers, sailors, Marines and airmen that, [direct-to-consumer] genetic tests are largely unregulated and could expose personal and genetic information, and potentially create unintended security consequences and increased risk to the joint force and mission. The memo does not explain what those unintended security consequences are.

The genetic testing industry promises to unlock the secrets of your genetic past, presenting customers with a full genetic breakdown that includes family history and genetic predispositions to certain diseases and disorders. One issue is that the industry is largely unregulated. Although some companies have strict privacy concerns, others have been known to share information with law enforcement and others without the direct consent of their customers.

Typically genetic testing companies share anonymized datadata stripped of personal information. But in February 2019, FamilyTreeDNA revealed it regularly gave the FBI access to its database, allowing it to compare crime scene DNA against the genetic information of its customers. Such testing has provided key evidence in many unsolved crime cases, including the investigation that eventually caught the Golden State Killer.

The Pentagon isnt concerned about that sort of sharing. Instead, its likely more concerned about what happens if a potentially hostile foreign government gains access to genetic testing databases. For example, foreign governments could use the data to gather compromising information on individual military personnel, using it blackmail people into committing acts of espionage...or worse.

The total U.S. military population is 3.5 million, with several million more spouses and dependents. Thats a big chunk of the genetic testing pool suddenly off-limits to testing companies. The Pentagons warning, while seemingly premature, could lead to industry-wide reforms in the genetic testing business. That could lead to a better consumer experience for all Americans seeking to learn more about their genetic historywhile preventing adversaries from using the same for nefarious purposes.

Source: Yahoo News

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If You're in the Military, Maybe Don't Take That Home Genetic Test - Popular Mechanics

NEW YORK, Dec. 30, 2019 /PRNewswire/ --

The Asia Pacific prenatal and newborn genetic testing market is expected to reach US$ 1,679.956 Mn in 2027 from US$ 630.914 in 2018. The market is estimated to grow with a CAGR of 11.6% from 2019-2027.

Read the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p05833588/?utm_source=PRN

The key factors responsible for the growth of the market in Asia Pacific are rising burden of genetic diseases among infants, increasing fertility rates and developing healthcare scenario with rising awareness among populace regarding the benefits of prenatal testing.On the other hand, use of digital microfluidics in newborn testing is likely to be a prevalent trend in the future years.

Soaring birth rates among developing economies are responsible for fueling global baby boom.However, the rising birth rate also contributes to rising birth defects and infants suffering from several genetic diseases.

According to a report published by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in 2018, there are almost 250 babies born every minute around the globe. Moreover, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the fertility rates for Hispanic women was highest in 2017 among Hispanic women with 67.1 births per 1,000 women.Asian countries such as India and China also have high fertility rates due to factors such as effects of religion, inadequate supply of family welfare services, poverty, and others. According to the World Bank in 2016, the fertility rates in India were reported to be 2.23 births per women as compared to 1.80 in the United States and 1.62 in China. Moreover, neighboring countries, such as Pakistan also have alarming rates of fertility. In 2016, the birth rate in Pakistan was reported to be 3.48 births per woman as per the World Bank data. However, the birthrate in India has successfully reduced its high fertility rate, but still is high as compared to other developed nations. According to the United Nations (UN) report published on June 2019, the fertility rate has reduced to 2.1. Therefore, by 2050 additional 273 million people will be added to India's population. The increasing number of parturient women across the world are thus likely to create increasing demand for prenatal and newborn genetic tests across the globe leading to the growth of the market.The Asia Pacific prenatal and newborn genetic testing market, based on the disease indication was segmented into cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, downs syndrome, phenylketonuria, recurrent pregnancy loss, and Antiphospholipid syndrome, and other diseases.In 2018, Down syndrome segment held the largest share of the market, by disease indication.

The highest share of Down syndrome attributes to the high prevalence of this genetic abnormality among fetuses and availability of multiple tests for its screening and diagnostics. However, the sickle cell anemia segment is expected to grow at the fastest rate during the coming year.Some of the major primary and secondary sources for prenatal and newborn genetic testing included in the report are Food & Drug Administration (FDA), Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), International Trade Administration (ITA), Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (cSIR), Pakistan Down Syndrome Association (PDSA) and others.

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The Asia Pacific prenatal and newborn genetic testing market is expected to reach US$ 1,679.956 Mn in 2027 from US$ 630.914 in 2018 - PRNewswire

What Can Genes Tell Me About My Cancer Risk?

Before pursuing any kind of genetic testing, it is important to understand that the majority of cancers are not the direct result of genes passed down from your parents. Inherited gene changes sometimes called mutations or variants contribute to somewhere between 5 and 10 percent of all cancers. For that reason, genetic testing and counseling is typically recommended only for people who have had certain types of inherited cancer or who have histories of cancer within their family.

Genetic testing allows healthcare providers to look for inherited gene mutations associated with increased cancer risk, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene changes that have a clear tie to breast and ovarian cancer. For example, women in the general population have roughly a 12 percent chance of developing breast cancer in their lifetime; for women with BRCA mutations, it is closer to 70 percent, according to the NCI. Understanding that risk can help a woman and her healthcare providers plan prevention strategies.

RELATED: My Genetic Test Came Back BRCA Positive. Now What?

Medical-grade genetic cancer testing is typically ordered by your doctor or a specialist, such as a genetic counselor. The tests are noninvasive and typically use a blood or saliva sample.

"Medical-grade testing is developed and approved to answer medical questions [such as]: 'Do I carry a mutation in one of these hereditary cancer genes?'" says Ellen Matloff, the president and CEO of My Gene Counsel, a company that helps clients better understand their genetic testing results, and the former director of the cancer genetic counseling program at Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut. "At-home testing kits are for entertainment and are not developed, or approved, to answer medical questions."

There are several reasons for that. Medical-grade testing is far more thorough, Matloff says. For example, medical-grade testing for BRCA gene mutations analyzes thousands of gene variant options, whereas one leading at-home kit considers just three.

There are also differences in accuracy. A study published in March 2018 in the journal Genetics in Medicine found that 40 percent of gene variants reported in direct-to-consumer tests were false positives and that some of the variants companies told users meant they were at increased risk for certain health conditions are actually considered common gene variants by clinical labs.

An unpublishedstudy presented in October 2019 by Invitae, a medical-grade genetic testing company, found that an individual's ethnicity may have a significant impact on whether their at-home test results are accurate. MUTYH gene mutations, for example, would have been missed in 100 percent of Asian and 75 percent of African American test takers, but only 33 percent of Caucasian individuals.

"Medical-grade testing uses laboratory techniques and validation methods not used by most at-home testing kits," Matloff explains. "So those results are generally more accurate."

Health insurance plans will often cover genetic testing which can cost thousands of dollars but not always, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine and Breastcancer.org. Direct-to-consumer genetic cancer risk tests tend to be less expensive, so they can be a good starting point for people who are worried about their family history and who do not want to spend too much.

"There are some at-home genetic cancer testing kits that are good, reasonably priced, and convenient for people who do not meet insurance criteria for coverage of traditional medical-grade testing and prefer to pay out of pocket and have the test delivered to their house," Matloff says.

But it is important to remember that everyone from the American Cancer Society to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) caution that the tests may provide incomplete or inaccurate information, and urge individuals to talk to their doctors before making any health-related decisions on the basis of those tests.

Read more:
What to Know Before You Buy an At-Home Genetic Cancer Risk Test - Everyday Health

Private Letter Rulings from the IRS provide useful guidance on how they view and will handle certain situations, even if identifying information is redacted from the letter. A recent redacted ruling focused on ancestry genetic testing and whether those costs are payable by a Health Flexible Spending Account (FSA). The IRS found that at least a portion of the test could be covered by funds from a Health FSA, as the testing is medical care.

Deducting Expenses for Medical Care

The IRS allows taxpayers to deduct medical expenses if they exceed 10% of the individuals adjusted gross income. This includes expenses for the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, and prevention of illness and disease and includes medical and other diagnostic services. Expenditures that are for the general health of a person, such as menstrual products, are not considered medical care. The IRS already allows individuals to break out fees where some portion of the fee covers medical care. This includes, for example, lump sum student services fees where part of the fee is for medical care.

Similarly, a diagnosis includes determination on whether a disease is present and includes tests that show the disease is not present and tests of changes in bodily function. Pregnancy tests, full-body scans, and other diagnostic tests performed without a physicians recommendation are still considered medical care and can be reimbursed from a Health FSA.

IRS Private Ruling

While much of the information in the letter was redacted, we do know that the question concerned whether a taxpayer with an FSA could use the FSA to purchase a genetic testing service that includes a report on the taxpayers ancestry and health. The kit collects a DNA sample which is sent to the testing service. The testing service then sends the sample to a third party laboratory for genotyping. The results from the lab are sent back to the testing service for analysis.

The stated goal of the genetic testing was to get individuals to provide genetic information to their healthcare providers. Individuals could not purchase the health-related services from the testing company without also purchasing the ancestry services. However, in order to use a Health FSA to cover genetic testing, the testing must be defined as medical care. The IRS ruled that portions of the testing, such as genotyping and ancestry reports, are not medical care, but other services offered by the service would be considered medical care. The taxpayer is left to allocate the cost between these non-medical services and the medical services provided. The taxpayer must use a reasonable method to allocate value between the services provided. The testing service, however, is not required to provide this data to the taxpayer.

Read more:
IRS Deems Portion of Ancestry Genetic Testing Payable by Health FSA - Lexology

It was quite a year for the Jews of the Bay Area. From TV shows to Barbie Death Camp to white supremacists to racial diversity in the Jewish community, here are the 10 stories our online readers clicked on the most in 2019.

It was a big year for Israeli TV in America. One show in particular, Shtisel, became an unlikely crossover hit among American viewers when the 2013-2016 series about the travails of a haredi family in Jerusalem hit Hulu late last year. As our TV reviewer Esther D. Kustanowitz wrote in January, there are some universal themes about family, community and change that kept mainstream audiences fascinated by the show:

In September, we brought you perhaps the strangest piece of news we covered this year: the curious case of Burning Mans Barbie Death Camp display. Heres how reporter Gabe Stutman described it: A sea of nude Barbies is seen moving toward three full-size kitchen ovens. Some are crucified on bright pink crosses. Other photos show toy soldiers with semi-automatic rifles marching the Barbies from the rear. A banner strapped to an RV proclaims the Barbie Death Camp the friendliest concentration camp at Burning Man. Another reads arbeit macht plastik frei, a reference to the message over the Auschwitz gate meaning work makes you free.

Some might say its the least Jewish story we wrote this year, but I beg to differ. My visit to the recently remodeled Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Temple in Oakland was a personal highlight of the year. It was the first time it had been open to the public in over 50 years, and the visit did not disappoint. As I wrote at the time: I was there out of my love of religious architecture and because Id heard that [Mormon temples] include architectural references to the Mishkan (the portable sanctuary used by the Israelites as they wandered in the desert), as well as the ancient Temples that stood on Jerusalems Temple Mount.

No one article about him truly topped the list, but weve been covering the story since the 24-year-old Concord man was arrested in June and accused of plotting online to shoot Jews. Police found a weapons cache and Nazi literature in his home. He has been in and out of court and jail since then. Last month, a federal charge was added: In 2017, he falsified an application to join the Army by lying about his mental health history, according to the FBI. His bail has been revoked and he remains in custody as his case progresses.

This profile of iconoclastic billionaire Craig Newmark, founder of Craigslist, was the first in-depth interview he has given about his Jewish upbringing and values. More and more Im conscious of the notion of treating people like I want to be treated, and more and more Im conscious of the notion that I got lucky financially and I should share that in ways that mean something, he told our late colleague Rob Gloster in April.

The 2018 Portrait of Bay Area Jewish Life and Communities revealed that one-quarter of local Jewish households include at least one person of color. In our Jan. 25 editorial, we wrote: Its time we acknowledge not only the tendency to make Jews the other in broader society, but the equally pernicious tendency to other Jews of color right here within our own community. Our cover story is replete with stories from Jews of color being stared at or questioned when they show up in synagogue, and being passed over for leadership positions. But we also highlighted ways in which the situation is changing for the better.

Remember this years middling Netflix film The Red Sea Diving Resort, based on the secret Israeli plan to extract Ethiopian Jews through Sudan in the early 80s? Yeah, theres no reason you should. Much more interesting is the real-life story of one of the Israeli naval commandos who took part in the operation. Nir Merry lives in Mountain View today, and as he told editorial assistant Gabriel Greschler, during the operation he spent nights picking up Ethiopian Jews who had hiked for days, sometimes weeks, to reach the rendezvous point. He recalled avoiding armed Sudanese patrols on the coastline and ferrying the refugees to a disguised Israeli Navy ship in the Red Sea. We were tired but really excited, Merry said. I remember picking [up] an [Ethiopian] lady and you could hear little squeaks. And I realized it was a baby tucked in her dress close to her body.

Just last week, Adam Eilath, head of school at Ronald C. Wornick Jewish Day School in Foster City, registered his dismay at the Hanukkah-themed episode of the Disney series Elena of Avalor. In his opinion piece he wrote, As a Sephardic Jew raising two small daughters in an American Jewish community whose default is almost always Ashkenazi. I was excited that the episode would feature Princess Rebekah from a Latino (Ladino) Jewish kingdom. But, he continued, As usual, the only way that Sephardic culture gets represented in this episode is by incorporating Sephardic food.

This story was part of a three-part series on the rise of home genetic testing and the ease of doing genealogical research from the comfort of your home computer. One woman we spoke with grew up Catholic, but found out that she was 50% Asheknazi Jewish from a 23andMe home genetic test. But, as reporter Maya Mirsky asks, what does that really mean? The question itself is a new wrinkle in the age-old debate of just what it means to be Jewish, which has been given a kick in the pants from the commercialization of a field of science that says it can tell you something new: For a price, you can now choose from one of seven commercial genetic tests to find out just how Jewish you are.

In October we reported on a Nazi flag seen hanging inside a state parole office in Sacramento. How did it get there? And why was it hanging in a government building? The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation told us in an email that they have a zero tolerance policy for the display of objects that are derogatory in nature, but they pointed out that their officers deal with gang members and high-risk sex offenders, [so] we will come into contact with items that may be considered objectionable. However, the email continued, We take this issue seriously and have removed the item and are looking into the circumstances for why the flag was displayed in potential view of the public. No word yet on what they found out.

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Our 10 most read stories of 2019: genetics, TV, 'Barbie Death Camp' and more - The Jewish News of Northern California

The global Preimplantation Genetic Testing market study presents an all in all compilation of the historical, current and future outlook of the market as well as the factors responsible for such a growth. With SWOT analysis, the business study highlights the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of each Preimplantation Genetic Testing market player in a comprehensive way. Further, the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market report emphasizes the adoption pattern of the Preimplantation Genetic Testing across various industries.

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The business intelligence study of the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market covers the estimation size of the market both in terms of value (Mn/Bn USD) and volume (x units). In a bid to recognize the growth prospects in the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market, the market study has been geographically fragmented into important regions that are progressing faster than the overall market. Each segment of the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market has been individually analyzed on the basis of pricing, distribution, and demand prospect for the following regions:

The key players in the global Preimplantation Genetic Testing market report consist of

The Preimplantation Genetic Testing market report examines the operating pattern of each player new product launches, partnerships, and acquisitions has been examined in detail.

Each market player encompassed in the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market study is assessed according to its market share, production footprint, current launches, agreements, ongoing R&D projects, and business tactics. In addition, the Preimplantation Genetic Testing market study scrutinizes the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis.

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Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market Offered in New Research Forecasted through 2022 - News Cast Report

GlobalDirect-to-Consumer Genetic Testing (DTC-GT)Market Growth 2019-2024presents key insights on market-related factors such as market size, latest & future trends, competition, forecasts from 2019 to 2024. The data served in this report has been carefully analyzed in the various models. The report covers theDirect-to-Consumer Genetic Testing (DTC-GT)market overview, summary, market dynamics, major leading players, competitive analysis, and leading players various strategies as well as shows the status of regional development, consisting of market value, volume, size, and price data. The research study contains includes analysis of the impact of current market trends and conditions that analysts use to make predictions on future market expansion.

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Market Overview In Brief:

Moreover, the report gives an extensive analysis of key drivers, opportunities, challenges, restraints, trends, leading market players, key segments, and regions. Additionally, the performance of each player active in the globalDirect-to-Consumer Genetic Testing (DTC-GT)market has been analyzed. Apart from this, a comprehensive analysis of consumption, market share, and growth rate of each application is presented in this report. With the help of charts, tables, figures, numbers, and graphs, the study provides a detailed study of the growth rate of every segment of this market. Key players have been studied depending on product portfolio, company profile, capacity, price, price, and earnings.

Key players mentioned in the market research report:EasyDNA, Ancestry.com LLC, 24Genetics, Genebase, Dante Labs, MyHeritage, Atlas Biomed, Mapmygenome, Family Tree DNA

Market By Regional Segments:

The chapter on regional segmentation details the regional aspects of the globalDirect-to-Consumer Genetic Testing (DTC-GT)market. This section explains the regulatory framework that is likely to impact the overall market. This research report consists of the worlds crucial region market share, size (volume), trends including the product profit, price, value, production, capacity, capability utilization, supply, and demand and industry growth rate.

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The region covered according to the growth rate:

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Customization of the Report:This report can be customized to meet the clients requirements. Please connect with our sales team ([emailprotected]), who will ensure that you get a report that suits your needs.

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Global Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing Market Report 2019 Technology Development, Research Study and Forecasting 2024 - The Picayune Current

Stem Cell Assay Market: Snapshot

Stem cell assay refers to the procedure of measuring the potency of antineoplastic drugs, on the basis of their capability of retarding the growth of human tumor cells. The assay consists of qualitative or quantitative analysis or testing of affected tissues and tumors, wherein their toxicity, impurity, and other aspects are studied.

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With the growing number of successful stem cell therapy treatment cases, the global market for stem cell assays will gain substantial momentum. A number of research and development projects are lending a hand to the growth of the market. For instance, the University of Washingtons Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM) has attempted to manipulate stem cells to heal eye, kidney, and heart injuries. A number of diseases such as Alzheimers, spinal cord injury, Parkinsons, diabetes, stroke, retinal disease, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurological diseases can be successfully treated via stem cell therapy. Therefore, stem cell assays will exhibit growing demand.

Another key development in the stem cell assay market is the development of innovative stem cell therapies. In April 2017, for instance, the first participant in an innovative clinical trial at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health was successfully treated with stem cell therapy. CardiAMP, the investigational therapy, has been designed to direct a large dose of the patients own bone-marrow cells to the point of cardiac injury, stimulating the natural healing response of the body.

Newer areas of application in medicine are being explored constantly. Consequently, stem cell assays are likely to play a key role in the formulation of treatments of a number of diseases.

Global Stem Cell Assay Market: Overview

The increasing investment in research and development of novel therapeutics owing to the rising incidence of chronic diseases has led to immense growth in the global stem cell assay market. In the next couple of years, the market is expected to spawn into a multi-billion dollar industry as healthcare sector and governments around the world increase their research spending.

The report analyzes the prevalent opportunities for the markets growth and those that companies should capitalize in the near future to strengthen their position in the market. It presents insights into the growth drivers and lists down the major restraints. Additionally, the report gauges the effect of Porters five forces on the overall stem cell assay market.

Global Stem Cell Assay Market: Key Market Segments

For the purpose of the study, the report segments the global stem cell assay market based on various parameters. For instance, in terms of assay type, the market can be segmented into isolation and purification, viability, cell identification, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and function. By kit, the market can be bifurcated into human embryonic stem cell kits and adult stem cell kits. Based on instruments, flow cytometer, cell imaging systems, automated cell counter, and micro electrode arrays could be the key market segments.

In terms of application, the market can be segmented into drug discovery and development, clinical research, and regenerative medicine and therapy. The growth witnessed across the aforementioned application segments will be influenced by the increasing incidence of chronic ailments which will translate into the rising demand for regenerative medicines. Finally, based on end users, research institutes and industry research constitute the key market segments.

The report includes a detailed assessment of the various factors influencing the markets expansion across its key segments. The ones holding the most lucrative prospects are analyzed, and the factors restraining its trajectory across key segments are also discussed at length.

Global Stem Cell Assay Market: Regional Analysis

Regionally, the market is expected to witness heightened demand in the developed countries across Europe and North America. The increasing incidence of chronic ailments and the subsequently expanding patient population are the chief drivers of the stem cell assay market in North America. Besides this, the market is also expected to witness lucrative opportunities in Asia Pacific and Rest of the World.

Global Stem Cell Assay Market: Vendor Landscape

A major inclusion in the report is the detailed assessment of the markets vendor landscape. For the purpose of the study the report therefore profiles some of the leading players having influence on the overall market dynamics. It also conducts SWOT analysis to study the strengths and weaknesses of the companies profiled and identify threats and opportunities that these enterprises are forecast to witness over the course of the reports forecast period.

Some of the most prominent enterprises operating in the global stem cell assay market are Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc (U.S.), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (U.S.), GE Healthcare (U.K.), Hemogenix Inc. (U.S.), Promega Corporation (U.S.), Bio-Techne Corporation (U.S.), Merck KGaA (Germany), STEMCELL Technologies Inc. (CA), Cell Biolabs, Inc. (U.S.), and Cellular Dynamics International, Inc. (U.S.).

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Stem Cell Assay Market Expected to Witness a Sustainable Growth over 2025 - Filmi Baba

Cardiac rhythm management refers to a process of monitoring functioning of the heart through devices. Cardiac rhythm management devices are used to provide therapeutic solutions to patients suffering from cardiac disorders such as cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure, and cardiac arrests. Cardiac disorders lead to irregular heartbeat. Technological advancements and rise in the number of deaths due to increasing incidences of heart diseases and increasing aging population are some of the major factors driving the cardiac rhythm management market. Heart disease is one of the primary causes of death in the U. S. Excess of alcohol consumption; smoking, high cholesterol levels, and obesity are some of the major causes of heart diseases.

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Cardiac rhythm management is conducted through two major devices: implantable cardiac rhythm devices and pacemakers. Implantable cardiac rhythm devices treat patients with an improper heartbeat. Based on the device, the cardiac rhythm management market can be segmented into defibrillators, pacemakers, cardiac resynchronization therapy devices, implantable defibrillators, and external defibrillators. Pacemakers are used to treat patients with a slow heartbeat. Based on the end user, the cardiac rhythm management market can be segmented into hospitals, home/ambulatory, and others.

North America has the largest market for cardiac rhythm management due to improved healthcare infrastructure, government initiatives, rise in incidences of cardiac disorders, growing number of deaths due to cardiovascular diseases,and increasing healthcare expenditure in the region. The North America market for cardiac rhythm management is followed by Europe. Asia is expected to witness high growth rate in the cardiac rhythm management market in the next few years due to increasing incidences of cardiovascular diseases, growing disposable income, rise in awareness regarding heart disorders and relevant treatments, and improving healthcare infrastructure in the region.

Increasing the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, technological advancements, rise in life expectancy, increasing awareness regarding cardiac disorders, and government initiatives are some of the major factors that are expected to drive the market for cardiac rhythm management. In addition, factors such as a rise in disposable income, increasing aging population, and high cost associated with heart disease treatment are expected to drive the market for cardiac rhythm management. However, economic downturn, reimbursement issues, the importance of biologics and stem cells, and inappropriate use of the devices are some of the factors restraining the growth of the global cardiac rhythm management market.

Growing population and economies in the developing countries such as India and China are expected to drive the growth of the cardiac rhythm management market in Asia. In addition,factors such as innovations along with technological advancements such as miniaturization, introduction of MRI pacemakers, biocompatible materials and durable batteries, and continuous rise in aging population and increasing cardiovascular diseases such as arrhythmias, stroke, and high blood pressure are expected to create new opportunities for the global cardiac rhythm management market. An increasing number of mergers and acquisitions, rise in the number of collaborations and partnerships, and new product launches are some of the latest trends in the global cardiac rhythm management market. Some of the major companies operating in the global cardiac rhythm management market are

Other companies with significant presence in the global cardiac rhythm management market include

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Key geographies evaluated in this report are:

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Cardiac Rhythm Management Market Development, Key Opportunity and Analysis of Leading Players to 2015 To 2021 - Info Street Wire

Stem Cells Market AnalysisAccording to Market Research, the Global Stem Cells Market was valued at USD 5.88 Billion in 2018 and is expected to witness a growth of 10.32% from 2019-2026 and reach USD 12.96 Billion by 2026.

What is Stem Cells Market?Stem cellscan be defined as unspecialized cells that develop into the specialized cells and make up different types of tissue in the human body. Since stem cells are unspecialized type of cells and are capable of renewing themselves through cell division. Stem cells can be Pluripotent as well as Multipotent.

Pluripotent stem cells are stem cells usually found in embryos which give rise to all the cells found in the human body, while multipotent stem cells, which are found in adults or in babies umbilical cords, have a more restricted ability. Their development is limited to cells that form the organ system that they are originated from. When a stem cell undergoes division, each new cell possess a potential either to remain a stem cell or develop into another type of cell with a more specialized function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, or a brain cell.

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Stem Cells Market OutlookStem cell research is considered as one of the most intriguing areas of contemporary biology, but, as with many expanding fields of scientific inquiry, research on stem cells stimulates scientific queries as rapidly as it produces new discoveries. Until recently, scientists used to primarily work with two types of stem cells from animals and humans: embryonic stem cells and non-embryonic somatic or adult stem cells.

Since the advent of stem cells, one of the crucial benefits of stem cell research is the accessibility of cell lines and that they can be acquired ethically. The demands for pluripotent stem cells are increasing owing to the fact that it differentiates in various cell types in the human body. Pluripotent stem cells tend to have various applications in the medical treatment. Growing awareness regarding the stem cells and establishment of stem cell banks is expected to fuel the market growth rate.

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Ethical issues related to pluripotent stem cells could hamper the growth of stems cells in the global market as research with these cells require disrupting an artificially-fertilized embryo at the 5-14 day stage. Another factor which is limiting the growth of stem cells market is unknown long-term consequences.

Global Stem Cells Market SegmentationThe Global Stem Cells Market is classified on the basis of Product, Treatment Type, Therapeutic Application and Region. The gist of breaking down the market into various segments is to gather the information about various aspects of the market.

On the basis of Products, the market is bifurcated on the basis of Adult Stem Cells, Human Embryonic Cells, and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell. Adult stem cells accounts for a major share in the global stem cells market. Even though embryonic stem cells have a wide range of applications, the market growth rate for this sub-segment is substantial owing to the ethical issues faced by this sub-segment in the global market.

In terms of Therapeutic Application, the market study encompasses various aspects such ca Regenerative Medicine, Neurological Disorders, Orthopedic Treatments, Oncology Disorders, Diabetes, Injuries & Wounds and Cardiovascular Disorders. Growing awareness regarding regenerative medicine is expected to make this sub-segment hold a potential market share globally. Growing healthcare expenditure and presence of major industry players makes North America hold major share in the global market.

Stem Cells Market Competitive LandscapeThe Stem Cells Market study report offers a valuable insight with an emphasis on global market including some of the major players such asBioTime Inc., Cytori Therapeutics, Inc., STEMCELL Technologies Inc., Astellas Pharma Inc., U.S. Stem Cell, Inc., Osiris Therapeutics, Inc., Takara Bio Inc., Caladrius Biosciences, Inc., Cellular Engineering Technologies Inc., and BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics Inc. Our market analysis also entails a section solely dedicated for such major players wherein our analysts provide an insight to the financial statements of all the major players, along with its product benchmarking and SWOT analysis. The competitive landscape section also includes key development strategies, market share and market ranking analysis of the above mentioned players globally.

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Analyst View:As per our sources following trends were observed in terms of most popular sources of stem cells:

Stem cells from adult bone marrow were observed to be the most popular source. Scope of stem cell therapy is increasing with growing number of applications. Clinical research has advanced to a great magnitude towards preventing, identifying and handling devastating diseases. Various applications of stem cells in regeneration such as Cardiac Regeneration, Hepatic Regeneration, Regeneration of Neural Tissue, etc. have come up lately. This suggests that the market for stem cells will grow significantly over the forecast period.

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Alice Dreger

Alice Dreger is an historian of medicine and science, a sex researcher, an award-winning writer, and an (im)patient advocate. Dregers latest major work is Galileos Middle Finger: Heretics, Activists, and the Search for Justice in Science.

ALICE DREGER: We don't actually know the extent to which gender is socially constructed because you can't do an experiment where you remove culture and see what happens. So we don't know to what extent what we see as gendered patterns are the result of sex, biological sex, males and females. We know that gender differs according to culture, but we also know that there are patterns that appear to be fairly universal in terms of gender norms. And the ones that are more universal are more likely to probably have a sex bases to it, an evolved-to-sex basis, that is to say biological basis for males and females. So, for example, which gender serves a very important meal may be different by different cultures. So in some cultures a man will serve a very important meal versus a woman. So for example, think about it in the United States that historically speaking the father carves the turkey on Thanksgiving, but in general women prepare food historically speaking. So what we know is that these kinds of things can differ by culture, but that there are some "universals". And one of the universals we find, for example, is in childhood play that we find that children who are girls tend to do more social play, they tend to do more social role-play. Children who are boys tend to do more competitive play, they tend to do more play that mimics aggression or that mimics sport and mimics sometimes building, and so there are these kinds of patterns. But that doesn't mean everybody fits them.

And it's really interesting actually too if you look cross-culturally scientists find evidence that this may have it's not just gender, that there's a sexuality component to it too. So boys who are going to grow up and be gay, and we know who they are because of retrospectively they grow up to be gay, they're what's called androphilic, that is to say they're attracted to males. And the majority of females are also attracted to males, so most females are androphilic and a small percentage of boys will grow up to be androphilic. We know that historically speaking, cross-culturally they tend to be more feminine in terms of their interests, they're more interested in social role-play, for example, they're more interested in helping their mothers, they're more interested in associating with girls as young children and more interested in dressing as girls, for example. That doesn't mean that they are girls, but it does suggest to us that sexuality and gender have interplayed components in them, that gender isn't just about social role but it has something to do with sexuality and that there's a reason females end up with these kind of patterns and males end up with these kinds of patterns and when you have a male who's attracted to males he ends up with a little bit more of the female pattern and in some circumstances if you have a girl and she's attracted to girls she'll end up with a little bit more of the male pattern in childhood.

So gender and sexual orientation seem to have sort of some connection to each other, but it's not a perfect connection in terms of absolute correlation and so we can't say that we can easily predict what would be somebody's gender role or sexual orientation simply by looking at some of the components.

Evolution would naturally favor heterosexuality because that's how you get babies. And so if we're thinking about genes trying to produce genes it would make no sense to have genes that would lead to people who don't reproduce, because those genes would not be reproduced. That said, we know cross-culturally gay people exist. So we know that that's a natural variation in the population. And so then scientists ask the really interesting question, why is that there? Why does that not disappear over time? Because at least in theory that should lead to lower reproductive fitness, which means it should lead to fewer babies, and so it should fade out evolutionarily speaking. One possibility is that it's a side effect, that human variation is good for the species and so evolution is responding to the situation not by reducing necessarily everything that doesn't work, but saying "Let's keep throwing up variation, and some of it will work in some environments and some of it will work in other environments." Being a varied species makes a species more resilient.

So it may be the case that being gay if you're born that way is just a variation on a theme and it will show up every now and then just because variations show up. But some scientists find some evidence that there may actually be advantages to a family of having a certain percentage of the children be gay. And this is work done, for example, by Paul Vasey at the University of Lethbridge. And he's been looking at the population in Samoa as well as other places, but Samoa as a cultural system that actually recognizes that a certain percentage of the boys are going to grow up to be androphilic, they're going to be interested in men sexually. And they actually have a whole cultural system for it. They have a third gender category called the fa'afafine and when a boy it becomes evident is that kind of boy the child is raised as a girl and becomes a woman culturally speaking but that doesn't change her body at all but partners with men. So in our culture that would be called transgenderism, but in this culture it's a third gender category that absorbs what in our culture might just turn out to be gay men. And what Paul has found is that when he looks at the families that have fa'afafine within them the fa'afafine are not using up a lot of resources, because they're not themselves having childrenthese are big-family culturesbut they do take their own earnings and they direct it at their nieces and nephews. And that means you have more adults producing more resources for a smaller number of children. So biologically there may be an advantage for families to have a certain number of gay children, because those people will not reproduce but they will take care of the nieces and nephews. And so overall the population, the genetics of a family will be continued on because that family has a genetic advantage.

And when you think about it we have this sort of stereotype of the gay uncle who takes care of the nieces and nephews in terms of providing for them and providing extra resources, and they're not spending it on their own kids, they're spending it on their sister's and brother's children, that might be a possible evolutionary explanation for why it is that we see homosexuality persist in the human system. It's also the case, we know from work done by Ray Blanchard in Canada, that a certain number of men who will grow up to be gay get that way not through genetics per se, but they get that way in the womb. So it's inborn but not genetic. And what happens is apparently well we know statistically from huge studies now if a mother has lots of pregnancies of males every successive male will be a little bit more likely to be gay. So the farther down you go in that sibling chain the more likely it is that the later-born males will be gay. This has been studied in many populations in the world, large numbers, and it's rigorous. We know that this is true. So why would that be? Well, it looks like it's a kind of side effect: the mother's immune system appears to be reacting to male hormones and maybe dampening them down a little bit, and this results in something called the fraternal birth order effect, which is that later born males are more likely to be gay. It's a surprising finding because it suggests to us that some men are absolutely born gay but not because of genetics, they're born gay because of the birth order in terms of some sort of effect having on a woman's system, which is reacting to her children's system, and it only occurs in males, it doesn't occur in females. And that's part of the reason why the theory is it's an immune response because it doesn't occur with females it only occurs with males born out of the same womb. So that's something I've colloquially called womb-gay, but it's called the fraternal birth order effect. And I think the evidence is very strong that a certain percentage of gay people are born that way. We do not have good evidence that straight people are born that way. We don't bother to look for that evidence. Straight people have been less interesting to scientists than gay people in terms of where they come from. And that's because there's a heterosexist assumption that straight people "require no explanation" and gay people "require explanation."

I mean in terms of evolution gay people do require an explanation. Logically speaking we should say "Well that's not a very 'successful strategy,'" as it's called in science, it doesn't lead to a higher reproductive fitness meaning it doesn't lead to more babies. So logically you would want to explain gay people. But it's also a political issue that basically straight people have required no explanation and gay people have required explanation. And some of the explanations historically have been rather unpleasant, like blaming mothers who are frigid or overly clingy in the case of being gay"over clingy mothers make gay boys." What we know from cross-cultural studies is that gay boys are more interested in being with their mothers than straight boys, and so it's not that the mothers are more clingy it's that the boys are more tolerant of time with their mothers.So we've studied much more about gay people that we have studied about straight people, and straight people remain largely a mystery as to how they operate. What makes them straight? We don't really know. We also don't know why gay people are attracted to each other anymore than we know why straight people are attracted to each other. We have hints about smells and about genetic interactions and about facial symmetry, but we really know very little about why straight people are straight and why gay people are gay.

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#4: What makes someone gay? Science is trying to get it straight. | Top 10 2019 - Big Think

Thirty million bison once roamed the American West. Now, only 21-thousand remain that are managed as wildlife. But this week, for the first time, female bison are being transferred out of Yellowstone National Park in a new program to build other herds. The animals will be retested for disease before release.

Chamois Andersen with Defenders of Wildlife said the bison in Yellowstone are highly prized as direct descendants of the original herds.

"Yellowstone bison are of high genetics in terms of the wildest herd, Andersen said. And any entity right now on the plains that has a wild herd of bison wants Yellowstone bison."

On Tuesday, 14 cow-calf pairs were taken from Yellowstone to be retested for brucellosis -- a disease that affects cattle -- at a state-of-the-art veterinary facility built by the Assiniboine and Sioux tribes at the Fort Peck Indian Reservation.

The females then will be released to herds in places that could benefit, such as the Fort Peck, Fort Belknap and Blackfeet Indian Reservations in Montana, the Wind River Reservation in Wyoming and Wind Cave and Badlands national parks in South Dakota.

Bison were hunted almost to extinction in the late 1800s, and some of that was an effort by settlers to deprive Native American tribes of their main food source and drive them off their lands. Andersen says these magnificent creatures -- our national mammal -- are an important part of Western heritage.

"We will nowhere see the 30 million wild bison on the plains like Lewis and Clark did back in the early 1800s, Andersen said. But if we can build these herds, we're doing everything we can to bring it back."

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Female Yellowstone Bison Transferred To Other Herds In New Program - Utah Public Radio

Kate Bubacz, Ben Kothe / BuzzFeed News

Before most people had had the chance to sit down and actually watch Noah Baumbachs new movie Marriage Story on Netflix, a pivotal fight scene late in the film made the rounds on Twitter. Charlie (Adam Driver), a charismatic but demanding theater director, is having it out with his soon-to-be ex-wife Nicole (Scarlett Johansson). She wants to start over in her hometown of Los Angeles after a decadelong stint in New York as an actor in Charlies company, helping him make his dreams come true; the problem is that Charlie doesnt want their son, Henry (Azhy Robertson) to live full-time with her across the country. After trying to deal with their separation amicably for most of the film, tensions boil over and both spouses end up screaming at each other.

Part of the reason that the clip went viral before evolving into an all-purpose meme was that people felt the need to weigh in on whether Driver and Johanssons acting is actually any good. (My take: Theyre good! Him especially.) But the other, more significant reason this scene has whipped the internet into a frenzy is because Marriage Storys release came at the close of another year another decade in which mainstream American culture has attempted to wrestle with the dilemma of (white, middle class) heterosexuality and the question of whether it might be an ultimately doomed project.

All the jokes about Marriage Story painting a portrait of heterosexual implosion struck me as perfect examples of what Indiana Seresin, writing for the New Inquiry in October, called heteropessimism, which she defines as performative disaffiliations with heterosexuality, usually expressed in the form of regret, embarrassment, or hopelessness about straight experience. Heteropessimism generally has a heavy focus on men as the root of the problem, and its performances are rarely accompanied by the actual abandonment of heterosexuality. While some people do act choosing celibacy or the now largely outmoded option of political lesbianism most of them just lament the prison of straightness without attempting to either break free from or transform it.

The #MeToo movement, which kicked off in late 2017, forced a nationwide reckoning with gendered power imbalances and abuse in the workplace. But there has yet to be another comparably serious reckoning, nearly 50 years after Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, with gendered power imbalances in straight couples personal lives.

This year, a trove of both fiction and nonfiction books, like Taffy Brodesser-Akners novel Fleishman Is in Trouble, about a marriage on the brink, and Lisa Taddeos Three Women, a report on the sad state of straight romance, explored the rocky terrain of heterosexuality at the end of the 2010s. Hollywood has also tried to reckon with straight men in crisis, in everything from The Irishman to A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood, but in ways that still position women as secondary characters, inevitable losers, or both. Weve watched straight people try to find love under extreme and unsavory conditions see: Love Island just as weve watched them try to figure out how, or even if, to salvage love gone sour, like on Showtimes docuseries Couples Therapy or via the tragically hilarious r/relationships thread on Reddit. Weve rooted for millennial hetero love in work created by Phoebe Waller-Bridge and Sally Rooney, even when that love seemed hopeless or impossible. We've swooned over the March sisters, brought alive again thanks to Greta Gerwig's new adaptation of Little Women, who must contend with the bleak economic realities of straight marriage even as they try to find love too (in men or perhaps just in books). Weve seen people give up on the doomed promise of straight romance altogether to embrace communal cult life instead; is there any more perfect paean to heteropessimism than Ari Asters Midsommar?

Giving up on the promise of heterosexuality does make a sort of sense (if joining a murder cult doesnt quite). Feminism isnt the bugbear it once was, and many men have been encouraged to embrace its tenets in both public and private life. But study after study has shown that, across socioeconomic classes, womens increased participation in the job market has not been matched by nearly as significant an increase in mens labor at home not to mention all the other ways that casual sexism, even from the most enlightened of men, can manifest itself in straight relationships.

There has yet to be another serious reckoning, nearly 50 years after Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, with gendered power imbalances in straight couples personal lives.

Online dating has offered us a trove of new data that confirms the hetero matchmaking world is as bleak as ever: Mens desirability peaks at age 50, while womens peaks at 18; advanced degrees can hurt womens dating chances; mens preferences are often just thinly veiled covers for straightforward racism. When attempting to find a partner, the odds remain stacked against women who arent conventionally hot, white, and smart but not too smart. And after making it through the dating world, women are still more likely than men to be unhappily married. Then, at the very end of their lives, men older than 85 report less life satisfaction if their spouse dies, while women whose husbands die actually get happier once the men are gone. Even making it to 85 unscathed feels like a feat for women when the world is still plagued by shocking levels of intimate partner violence. In the face of all these bleak statistics, who could really blame straight women for being less than thrilled with their own straightness?

Still, not even vehement heteropessimism seems to be encouraging straight people to actively question their own straightness. Like Seresin, and like most other lesbians, Ive been on the receiving end of what feels like a million drunk straight women bemoaning their lot in life, insisting things would be sooooo much easier if they were queer. That men are trash is not something I am personally invested in disputing, Seresin writes. Yet in announcing her wish to be gay, the speaker carelessly glosses over the fact that she has chosen to stay attached to heterosexuality.

The modern, progressively minded tendency to trash straightness at every turn and Im including gay people here too, though straight people doing it are way more annoying and, Id argue, much more harmful has meant that queerness among certain circles is placed on a pedestal that it doesnt always necessarily deserve. Even though I dont envy straight women for having to find a decent man in our misogynistic hellhole of a society, its not always easier to be a lesbian. For one thing, we have to deal with, you know, systemic homophobia. And for another, women can be shitty and abusive and, as bell hooks reminds us, just as capable of sexism as men are. Seresin points out, too, that a certain strain of heteropessimism assigns 100 percent of the blame for heterosexualitys malfunction to men, and has thus become one of the myriad ways in which young women especially white women have learned to disclaim our own cruelty and power.

So, while heteropessimism is a perfectly understandable impulse, its not necessarily getting us anywhere. Seresin again, To be permanently, preemptively disappointed in heterosexuality is to refuse the possibility of changing straight culture for the better. But what might a true transformation of straight culture really look like?

Florence Pugh in Midsommar (2019)

One of the ways straight (white) women, in particular, have performatively distanced themselves from their own heterosexuality is through what Emmeline Clein, writing for BuzzFeed News, called disassociation feminism. Perhaps in response to stereotypes about female hysteria Seresin mentions the Overly Attached Girlfriend meme Clein and other women shes observed instead now seem to be interiorizing our existential aches and angst, smirking knowingly at them, and numbing ourselves to maintain our nonchalance.

Its been nearly five years since Alana Massey wrote her viral opus Against Chill in which she defines straight dating culture as the Blas Olympics. Its a culture that pressures you especially if youre a woman to forgo the language of courtship and desire, lest we appear invested somehow in other human beings. Heteropessimism isnt disassociation, exactly Seresin calls it a disaffiliation but its born of a similar impulse: an attempt to escape the inescapable.

Long before I developed any sort of feminist consciousness, I learned that, in order to be the kind of girl a boy wanted, Id have to develop some level of ironic detachment from the objects of my desires. I was a proud little misandrist in the making, wearing my Boys Are Stupid, Throw Rocks at Them! shirt as often as I could in middle school. There was no greater satisfaction, at that time in my life, than beating boys at soccer during recess. I believed wholeheartedly in the girl power of the early aughts, even though, as much as I loved making fun of them or running them ragged on the soccer pitch, I desperately wanted a boy any boy! to think I was cute and cool. It was all incredibly confusing.

When I got older, my earliest hookups with guys were one part thrilling (male attention!) and three parts uncomfortable, gross, and humiliating. I got the impression that this was all par for the course. From high school through college, both my peers and pop culture at large signified to me that penises are nasty and blowjobs are a chore. Actually liking it would just make you a crazy slut, after all. Okay, so nobody really wants to do all this, but we just have to do it anyway, I thought as I blundered my awkwardly heterosexual way into my early twenties.

At the time, my friends and I were vaguely aware of the pop feminist discourse surrounding sex positivity, but we didnt know about its sex-negative backlash; rather, we unwittingly tended to pluck out the worst tenets of both. We knew that straightforward slut-shaming was bad, but still looked askance at girls who got too messy in their boy lust; we volunteered for the university office that dealt with intimate partner violence, but didnt know what to do when one of our friends boyfriends got so angry at her that he put his head through a sliding glass door.

At the beginning of my first year I told a dorm room full of my new friends that I thought I was bisexual, and after the dead silence that greeted this news, I decided not to bring it up again for another three years. Instead, with the kind but ultimately misguided permission of my sweet college boyfriend, I started exploring my interest in girls at first, sort of secretly and shamefully. Then, after years of run-of-the-mill bad sex with boys who were becoming men, as well as a few too many instances of coercion and assault, I finally figured out that sex didnt have to be so miserable all the time. I liked girls! Not only did I like them, I liked having sex with them!

Steeped as I was in a world insisting on heterosexuality as the norm even when it made me, my now-divorced parents, and most of my friends profoundly unhappy I hadnt previously realized (or dared to believe) that lesbianism was an option for me. Sometimes I wonder if I hadnt joined a rugby team my sophomore year and befriended, then later dated, the proudly out queer people I met through the sport, I might have just continued to be shunted along on the conveyor belt of heterosexuality toward my capitalism-approved future as a husbands wife and the mother of his children.

Heteropessimism isnt disassociation, exactly, but its born of a similar impulse: an attempt to escape the inescapable.

In Adrienne Richs famous essay from 1980, Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence, Rich takes issue with the forces like capitalism and pop culture that have long convinced women that their sexual orientation toward men is inevitable, even if heterosexuality is an unsatisfying or oppressive component of their lives. Rich notes that there is no statistical documentation of the numbers of lesbians who have remained in heterosexual marriages for most of their lives a group of nameless and unrepresented women I think of often, whose ranks I easily might have joined. She references a letter the playwright Lorraine Hansberry wrote to the early lesbian publication the Ladder, which ran from the 50s through the early 70s: How could we ever begin to guess the numbers of women who are not prepared to risk a life alien to what they have been taught all their lives to believe was their natural destiny and their only expectation for economic security?

The born this way model of human sexuality would suggest that were all hardwired to prefer one or more genders; gayness, straightness, or bisexuality would then simply be our biological destiny. But just this year scientists have yet again debunked the existence of a gay gene, finding in a major study that multiple genes could influence the emergence of a persons same-sex orientation though only 25% of sexual behavior can be explained by genetics, with the rest influenced by environmental and cultural factors.

In other words, our sexual behavior is mostly shaped by the world we live in. And yet the mainstream assumption has barely changed since Rich was writing nearly 40 years ago: Everyone is presumed straight until proven otherwise (though for women, all the proof in the world is sometimes still not enough).

From left: Adam Driver, Azhy Robertson, Scarlett Johansson in Marriage Story.

Heteropessimism has always had a role to play in the queer world too, but in the age of social media, that role has become much more clearly defined: Its a way for strangers to question the boundaries of each others queer identities.

Declaring ourselves aesthetically, ethically, romantically, and just all-around superior to straight people is an everyday aspect of life on the queer internet. So are regular occurrences of bisexuals accusing lesbians of biphobia, and lesbians accusing them of lesbophobia in turn. These fights ultimately both come down to the question of whether or not bi people are at least adjacent to the straight world and, if so, whether they benefit to some extent from straight-passing privilege.

The actor Evan Rachel Wood, one of the most prominent voices on Bi Twitter, recently tweeted that her relationships with men are still queer, echoing sentiments expressed earlier this year by Miley Cyrus (before her separation) about how she queered her straight marriage with Liam Hemsworth. You shouldnt judge a book by its cover, Wood wrote in her tweet thread. A man and a woman can still encounter prejudice in a seemingly hetero relationship. The tweets received a lot of love and support from other bi women who find that their queerness is invalidated when theyre in relationships with men; she also received some criticism from lesbians, who tweeted responses like, if a bi woman and a bi man are walking down the street holding hands you think theyll get decked by a mind reading homophobe?

A lot of whats deemed anti-bi or bisexual erasure on the internet is really just a version of heteropessimism: Jokes suggesting that women who willingly date men when they have the option not to are, if not bad or wrong, then just kind of embarrassing. The critic Andrea Long Chu is probably still getting angry @-replies to this tweet from last year: str8 married bi girls are like those kids who studied abroad in college and five years later are still somehow weaving it into every conversation. like we get it christa you lived in madrid.

Though bisexuality is still heavily stigmatized, I do reflect back on the years when I quietly identified as bi and enjoyed the very real social and economic privileges that came along with publicly dating my college boyfriend while sleeping with girls on the side. I thought I was a boring normie, rather than the cool radical I secretly longed to be, so I sympathize with bi people in straight-seeming relationships who feel like theyre not considered queer enough. That was my reality for a long time. But still, it turns out that the pressures from a minority subgroup to be sufficiently queer (whatever that really means) didnt hold nearly so much sway over my choices as the enormous and practically incalculable pressures of compulsory heterosexuality.

Those pressures are so powerful, Rich writes, that many women fail to recognize how deeply weve internalized women-hatred until it takes some permanently unmistakable and shattering form in our own lives. For me, that moment was when I fell in love with one of the queer people I was sleeping with in college, who happened to be one of my best friends, and finally worked up the nerve on the night before graduation to end my straight relationship for good.

I dont think the solution to heteropessimism is for everybody to suddenly decide to be gay (though Id be into it). Political lesbianism, after all, didnt quite work out the first time around, and our desires dont necessarily make us any more morally righteous than those who desire differently than we do.

But even though becoming a lesbian didnt automatically make me a better person, it did make me a hell of a lot happier. Its scary to think that this wasnt always going to be my destiny, and its really hard to imagine my life would be any better if Id remained a disillusioned member of the straight world. I have to assume that, if everybody keeps complaining about heterosexualitys dark sides while the institution itself remains a compulsory organizing structure for so much of American life, an extraordinary number of women (and men) might not know what theyre missing.

It should go without saying but is worth repeating anyway that queer relationships arent necessarily happier or healthier than straight ones. And one of the risks of heteropessimism is that it can actually obscure the ways in which gay relationships can also be plagued by toxicity and abuse. In her extraordinary new memoir In the Dream House, Carmen Maria Machado documents the year she spent in an abusive relationship with another woman. I enter into the archive, she writes in the books prologue, that domestic abuse between partners who share a gender identity is both possible and not uncommon, and that it can look something like this. In experimental, fragmented sections corresponding with different literary conceits, Machado places her own narrative within the all-too-limited tradition of lesbians and bisexual women grappling with their own experiences of abuse and assault.

Though all victims of intimate partner violence need to contend with a society (and a police state) that so often belittles, disbelieves, and even punishes them, queer women survivors are uniquely disenfranchised, because their female partners are often assumed to be incapable of really harming anyone.

In a recent essay about transmasculinity and feminism for the New Inquiry, Noah Zazanis writes about how, before transitioning, learning how hed been harmed by patriarchy helped him to stop blaming himself for the violence done to him. But it also meant that my conceptualization of my own reality, and my right to label these experiences as violence, was inextricably tied to seeing myself as a woman or at least, within this binary framework of who harms and who is harmed, as not a man.

The dominant narrative of domestic violence holding that men abuse women something that is, indeed, devastatingly common in heterosexual pairings also elides a less widely publicized story that LGBTQ people are just as likely, if not more likely, to experience abuse from their partners. And individual survivors, both in the midst of these relationships or long afterward, are often robbed of the opportunity and power to claim the facts of their experiences. I wrote this book because I was looking for something that didnt exist, Machado told BuzzFeed News in November.

Heteropessimism, and our fixation on mens fallibility, doesnt only help straight women evade responsibility for their bad behavior; it can help lesbians do it too. I thought about that unpleasant little trick while watching the first few episodes of The L Word: Generation Q, this years reboot of the beloved Showtime series that ended its first run in 2009. Resident bad bitch Bette (Jennifer Beals), whos running for mayor of Los Angeles, faces a major campaign setback when the husband of a woman shed been sleeping with who was also working for her at the time publicly accuses her of the affair. (Its a creepily prescient plotline following the recent resignation of member of Congress Katie Hill.)

After the rally, Bettes commiserating with her two best friends, Alice (Leisha Hailey) and Shane (Katherine Moennig), who basically tell her she has nothing to worry about. Bette suspects that the scorned husband is just upset that his wife slept with a woman, which threatens his manhood. But neither Bettes friends nor her campaign staffers think to admonish her for seducing, and sleeping with, one of her employees a clear abuse of power, regardless of gender.

Another similarly cringey moment in the show arrived with the debut of its first special celebrity guest, soccer star Megan Rapinoe. I agree with lesbian critic Trish Bendix, who also got weird vibes from the segment in which Rapinoe goes on Alices talk show. Alice is flirtatious with Megan, and I find that really gross in a journalistic setting, no matter the gender or sexuality of a reporter or guest, she wrote. Though I suppose were supposed to find it charming that Alice nudges Rapinoe to admit that Alice is her celebrity crush, I instead just found it awkward and inappropriate. But again, because were so used to condemning men in positions of power for their behavior with women, and so unwilling to recognize the ways that women, and especially white women, can abuse their positions, heteropessimism (and its inverse homo-optimism?) encourages us to let some of this stuff slide.

The goal here isnt to pit queerness and straightness against each other, however. Rather, Im curious about ways in which we can try to encourage romantic partners of all persuasions to be compassionate, mindful of their own power and privilege, and interested in transforming their own dating universes (whether queer or straight) for the better.

Jennifer Beals in The L Word: Generation Q.

So how are we actually supposed to deal with the myriad pitfalls of heterosexuality without writing it off altogether? Diana Tourje, a journalist at Vice, has been doing a lot of compelling and controversial work on this subject. Shes written beautifully about being caught in a culture of male shame and discretion as a trans woman whose partners prefer not to publicly acknowledge that she exists. Shes also done extensive reporting on straight men who find themselves attracted to trans women and has even made the case that transamorous men are a part of the trans community itself. She takes on the horrifying statistic that more than half of all trans women have experienced intimate partner violence, and the fact that many of them, especially trans women of color, will die from it.

Tourje believes that cis men, instead of just being the perpetrators of these problems, are actually essential to solving them. She wites, The longer cis men who love trans women believe their sexuality needs no definition or is best kept private, their bad behavior will continue to be passed down from one generation to the next, as trans women shoulder a burden that cis men could help carry.

Heteropessimism, and our fixation on mens fallibility, doesnt only help straight women evade responsibility for their bad behavior; it can help lesbians do it too.

Tourjes writings about transamorous men have met a lot of online pushback from other trans and gender-nonconforming writers, thinkers, and activists. BuzzFeed News contributor Alex Verman, in the Outline, argued that attempting to normalize and desensationalize the straight men who date trans women contributes to the idea that there is anything normal about a type of love that results in three murders per day. They reference Adrienne Richs work on compulsory heterosexuality to point out that womanhood is often imagined as something that follows from men, rather than existing apart from or alongside them. Heterosexuality creates gendered rules and expectations, rather than the other way around. To Verman, Maybe the issue isnt that men feel too much shame; perhaps, they dont feel enough.

This debate echoes more general feminist conversations about when, if ever, its appropriate to prioritize helping men achieve more healthy visions of masculinity, both to improve their own outlooks on life and to help them stop being so terrible to women. How much of the feminist project should actually be centered on men?

Journalist Liz Plank, for her part, thinks the project of male improvement is a worthy cause, as evidenced by her new book, For the Love of Men: A New Vision for Mindful Masculinity. So does journalist-turned-psychologist Darcy Lockman, who was inspired by frustrations in her own marriage to write All the Rage: Mothers, Fathers, and the Myth of Equal Partnership, an investigation into why, in households where both parents work full-time and agree that tasks should be equally shared, mothers household management, mental labor, and childcare contributions still outweigh fathers.

Lockman reports that the third biggest reason for the dissolution of straight marriages is unfair division of labor at home. Rather than succumb to a heteropessimistic impulse to assume that boys will be boys, Lockman dives deep into the makings of men and women who grow up to take on heterosexual partnerships, debunks myths of maternal instinct and biologically essentialist gender roles, and explores all the ways in which men evade their responsibilities to their wives and families, from passive resistance to strategic incompetence.

Lockmans book is chock-full of fascinating findings about women lowering their expectations so they can stand to be married to people who arent pulling their full weight. One of the ideas I found most compelling is that, in France, where theres less explicitly feminist rhetoric, women report a lot less anger at and frustration with their husbands in large part due to distributive care of the French state. French womens husbands arent doing anything significantly different than their American counterparts, but in France, free universal daycare and other social programs take on a significant amount of the burden of raising children; American mothers dont receive enough help from their husbands or the state.

Lockman also notes that, over the past few decades, American women have always been likely to report high feelings of communality, like expressivity, warmth, and concern for the welfare of others. Men, meanwhile, are barely any more invested in communality than they have been in decades past those numbers are still, as always, quite low.

If men are so resistant to communality, what if we were to bring the communality to them? France and other countries with progressive social programs have certainly not solved the problems born from sexism or misogyny, but encouraging a culture in which we are all responsible for each others well-being rather than merely responsible for our own nuclear families could have real, radical results. Audre Lorde has written about how the sharing of work can also be the sharing of joy, which makes us less willing to accept powerlessness, or those other supplied states of being which are not native to me, such as resignation, despair, self-effacement, depression, self-denial.

In her essay on heteropessimism, Seresin writes that the concept is often framed as an anti-capitalist one: a refusal of the good life of marital consumption and property ownership that capitalism once mandated. Yet this good life, which was always withheld from marginalized populations, is now untenable for almost everyone. Heteropessimism hasnt actually succeeded in pushing back against capitalist forces at all; its only helped encourage a change of subject. If the couple was the primary consumer unit of the past, Seresin argues, today this has collapsed, or more accurately been replaced by a new dyad, the individual consumer and her phone.

Its tempting to consider that straightness is so doomed that our only option, for queer and straight people alike, is to disavow heteronormativity altogether eschewing marriage, family, all of it and simply focus on ourselves; its us against the world. But what if we instead used our heteropessimism to encourage each other to reach beyond the bounds of the self and beyond the bounds of our romantic partnerships and nuclear families to imagine a better world for us all?

The problem with heterosexualitys stranglehold on the organization of American life isnt only the way it produces and reproduces gender roles that limit both men and women. It also keeps us trapped in the assumption (and the political reality) that finding a mate is our best chance at survival. I choose to believe to hope that together, we can find a better way.

Visit link:
It Was A Tough Year For Heterosexuality - BuzzFeed News

In September of this year,the Skidoo female pedigree Charolais cattle went under the hammer.

Prior to the sale, we caught up with farm manager, Donal Callery and his three-man team, to chat about the history of the Skidoo herd and what lies ahead for the Dublin-based farm.

The Skidoo farm needs no introduction as itwill be known in almost all farming circles both at national and international level.

The Skidoo herd originates all the way back to 1966, when the farm owner at the time Omer Van Landeghem introduced some of the first Charolais cattle onto the island of Ireland.

This did not just happen overnight, and after eight years of striving, Van Landeghem succeeded in his quest to bring Charolais cattle to north Co. Dublin.

In 1966, the Charolais heifers and bulls from France were quarantined on Spike Island in Cork Harbour, before arriving at their new home.

He continued to build up the herd here in Ireland, with famous sires such as:Shamrock Ambassador;Uranus; Emperor; Commander; and Flambeau. Other bulls such as Skidoo Champion and Skidoo Pacha are still popular among farmers today.

In 1995,Van Landeghem passed away and the farm and the herd were sold to local farmer and business professional, Pat McDonagh.

However, the Charolais breed and history was maintained on the farm, and in 2010, the reins of the farm were taken by Cavan man, Donal Callery.Donal Callery with some of the Charolais cows prior to the sale

Today, both the 100-cow Charolais pedigree herd and the 160-cow commercial herd are managed by Donal and his three-man team: assistant manager, Gerard Friel; stockman, Stephen Patton; and maintenance man, Anthony McDonagh. A tillage enterprise is also present on the farm.

The main focus and the main traits that Skidoo chased and always had was number one easy calving, and number two milky cows, Donal explained, when describing the backbone of the herd.

Im here 10 years and what we focused on was cow functionality a cow that could rear a calf herself. She has to have milk; she has to be fertile; and she has to have a calf every 365 days, along with sound feet and legs.

The pedigree herd is split calving 50% spring and 50% autumn, while 60% of the commercial herd calves in the springtime, with the remaining 40% calving in the autumn.

Up until this year, approximately 45 pedigree bulls were sold each year for breeding direct off-farm along with breeding heifers after replacements had been chosen keeping to the tune of a closed herd with optimum herd health status.

Herd health is paramount in relation to bio-security, and we have a strict vaccination programme in place. Also, the farm is surrounded by tillage fields and a closed herd has been maintained for many years, Donal added.

The vaccination programme protects against: leptospirosis; bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD); infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR); blackleg;rotavirus; and coronavirus.

Heifers from the commercial herd are finished on the farm aged 24 months, while bulls are sold at 12 months-of-age weighing 500kg for the under-16 month bull finishing market. The breeds used in the commercial herd include: Simmental; Limousin; and Charolais.

However, the decision, a move which Donal admits wasnt an easy one, was made last year a switch from beef to dairy production.Image source: Tricia Kennedy

For the time being, the commercial herd (60% AI and 40% stock bulls) will be kept on the farm.

When it comes to selecting bulls and sires, criteria was very much based around maternal traits, with the aim of building an elite-cow herd.

We wanted bulls that would be easy calving, high in fertility, and that were going to retain milk in the females, Donal explained.

We were breeding an animal that was early maturing thats what the market requires; those big carcasses are finished. All our cows are medium sized, with high traits for milk, fertility, carcass and conformation.

The herd is involved in the Beef Data and Genomics Programme (BDGP) and Donal is a fan of the programme.

All the females here are genomicallytested and thats fantastic, he added.

In 2018, 300 cows were calved down, so having an easy-calving system was paramount to the system.

Pedigree heifers calve aged two and a half, while 50% of the commercial heifers (spring calvers) are calved at 24 months and the remaining 50% are calved at 30 months (autumn calvers).

The breeding season for the autumn-calving cows starts on December 1, and finishes on February 1 a strict eight-week breeding period.

The breeding period for the spring-calving herd commences on May 1 and continues until July 12. Additionally, all going to plan, weanlings are turned out to grass in early February.

The farm is described as extremely dry and Donal outlined that in a normal year cattle could be out grazing for 10 months of the year.

Therefore, grass is the main constituent in the diet, with calves only receiving meal six weeks pre-weaning and during the indoor period (2kg/head/day).

Were not selling any bulls at the moment because of the size of the sale, so we intend to have another sale for male animals in February next year, Donal said.Image source: Tricia Kennedy

The pedigree herd uses 100% AI.

Our foundation cows are cows that are going back to the likes of: Bowerhouses Topper; Oldstone Egbert; Jupiter; Domino; Major all the top female bloodlines; we have them.

The sires that are working very well at the moment are: Tombapic; Jumper, Nelson; Pirate; Doonally New CF52 (terminal traits); Bivouac; and Bourgogne theres a whole array of them that we used, the Cavan man explained.

Wheels are already in motion for the next chapter on the Skidoo farm. In spring 2021, approximately 300 black and white cows will enter into a new rotary parlour.

The overall target for the new dairy farm is 400 cows. While Donal is looking forward to this endeavor, he has not taken the decision lightly.

For this farm, beef farming at this stage is not justifiable as we pay staff because its 100% hired labour.

Im from a dairy farming background; we have a dairy farm at home and I managed a dairy farm when I qualified as a farm manager.

Saying that, I went into beef, and enjoyed beef; beef farming has been very good to me. I really enjoyed it but I always had the liking for dairy.

To be honest, to disperse the pedigree Charolais herd here, youre talking about genetics going back to 1966 the first Charolais genetics that was introduced to Ireland; there was a lot of work put into breeding.

We have built up a herd thats not alone known nationally, but internationally as well. It was a big decision that the pedigree Charolais herd has to go.

It was a thing that was not taken lightly, and it was a big decision to go away from beef farming; but for the moment, we are still retaining the commercial herd to see how things pan out, Donal explained.

Infrastructure on the farm is excellent and only minor adjustments have to be made to facilitate the new breed of cows, with the exception of the rotary parlour.

Winter accommodation is adequate, and cubicles will be installed in the near future.

Since taking over the managerial reins in 2010, Donal and his team have implemented a paddock and water system, and installed a road network throughout the holding.

Grass management, grass measuring and AI are all familiar practices on the farm, so there will be nothing new for the team to grasp on that front.

We were already doing a lot of things that the dairy man does with the beef herd grass measuring, heat detection and AI; Stephen and Gerardlook after the AI department, so were up to speed there.

In relation to grassland management, we know how to utilise grass and we know how to breed good cows, Donal added.Image source: Tricia Kennedy

Concluding, Donal said: Im very keen on the dairying. Once we made up our minds, we were very happy to go down that road.

It will be a sad, sad day to see the herd dispersed, but I have no doubt that the Skidoo name will live on because people will buy the genetics here and will have them for years to come.

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Continued here:
Revisited: Bidding farewell to the famous Skidoo Charolais pedigree herd - Agriland

Estonian World has a long history in compiling lists of top Estonians for pretty much any occasion. 2019 was a volatile year in the world, in Estonia and for Estonians globally, so this year, our editors decided to put together a list of Estonians who stood out in their field and/or were outspoken at home to the extent of making headlines beyond the borders.

This list is in a random order, not in the order of anyones preference.

By Silver Tambur

Womens ski slopestyle is not a sort of sports that is on everyones lips or attracting millions of TV-viewers like football or tennis do, for example. But gosh, isnt Kelly Sildaru good at it?

Sildarustarted skiing when she was two and got into freestyle-skiing at the age offive.By the time Sildaru was 11, she had been noticed by theinternational sports press Euronews called her the future star of freestyleskiing and videos of her breathtakingly brave style started circling onYouTube.

But itwasnt merely the style there was also persistence and hard work that haspaid off. In 2016, Sildaru made free-skiing history, becoming the youngestathlete ever to win a gold medal at the Winter X Games, worlds leading extremesports competition that take place annually in Aspen, Colorado, the UnitedStates. In 2017, she defended her title from 2016 and at 14, became theyoungest to win two gold medals in the X Games.

She missed the slopestyle competition at the 2018 Winter Olympics because of injury, but was back in shape in Aspen, in January 2019, setting a new X Games womens slopestyle record with a score of 99.00 and winning her third gold medal of the competition.

By Sten Hankewitz

Tommy Cash may be one of the biggest stars Estonia has ever produced. Born Tomas Tammemets, he is anEstonian rapper who in 2019 went on his first tour of North America as an opening act of one Oliver Tree on the latters Goodbye, Farewell Tour, where Cashparticipated in shows that, for example in Chicago, IL, were sold out in an arena that accommodates at least700 people.

Cash was born in Tallinn and is of mixed ethnic Estonian, Russian, Ukrainian and Kazakh origin. He hasdescribed himself as first and foremost an Estonian. He is a known freestyle dancer, and in 2018, he releaseda clothing line that subversively imitates western styles with eastern elements and in-jokes.

In November 2018, Cash released his second album $; in 2019, he had an exhibition at the Kumu artmuseum in Tallinn.And, as a cherry on top, he has over 708,000 followers on Instagram.

Also, my wife tells me Tommy Cash is ahuge-ass global star. Thats got to count for something.

By Silver Tambur

Until recently, most of the positive international coverage about Estonia has been about the countrys digital state and its affiliated programmes, such as e-residency. In 2019, Estonia as a country made positive news for two other reasons the countrys success at PISA tests and its genetic data project, led by Lili Milani, the head researcher at Estonian Genome Centre of the University of Tartu.

Starting in 2018 and continuing this year, the centre ran the Estonian government-backed project to collect the DNA samples of 150,000 Estonians with the aim ofcollecting genetic dataand integrating it into every-day medical practice by giving people feedback of their personal genetic risks. The data will be linked with the national health information system from 2019-2022.

Estoniasgenetic data project in this format is unique in the world and in 2019, stirredmuch interest abroad.According to Milani, the collected genetic data inEstonia will also help scientists conduct a wider medical research all theparticipants who donated their DNA sample have given their consent for this.She has also published research papers in magazines such as Genome Research,Nature, Science, Nature Genetics and BMC Genomics.

Despite her Iranian roots she was born to Iranian parents in Sweden Milani has publicly said that she feels Estonian and likes that feeling.

By Sten Hankewitz

A 19-year-old student, in 2013, foundeda company in Tallinn. He was frustrated by the waiting time and expense oftaxis in the Estonian capital, Tallinn especially in the weekend nights whenreturning from a night out. He launched a mobile app that allows people torequest a taxi or private driver from their smartphone. The app also shows theprice and waiting time. The company later also expanded into electric scootersand food delivery services.

That 19-year-old student was MarkusVillig. The company he launched was Taxify now known as Bolt. His companycurrently operates in over 30 countries and in more than 150 cities around theworld. It all may sound like, that man was Moe Green, and the city he inventedwas Las Vegas, but Markus, unlike Moe Green, is not fictional. Well, we couldcompare him with the real-life Ben Siegel, but you get the point, and Bugsywasnt that interesting.

This year saw Bolt become a unicorn a startup with the valuation over USD1 billion. Bolt was one of the two Estonian-founded companies among 403 startups the New York City-based research firm, CB Insights listed in its unicorn list.

By Silver Tambur

My mother said to me yesterday evening that if Ott wants something, then he can make it happen and I just had to make it happen, Ott Tnak said in an interview given to the WRC live broadcast, straight after it was clear he had won the World Rally Championship, after successfully completing the Rally de Catalunya in Spain in October. Thank God for supportive mothers all around the world!

At one ofthe recent Estonishing Evenings events in Tallinn, a Swiss expat describedEstonians as very stubborn people. Thinking about it, he was right.Stubbornness can be negative when one is on a wrong course and refuses toadmit a mistake. But it can certainly be a positive force when one is on aright track, refuses to give up and ultimately, succeeds and wins.

Tnak belongs to the latter category it took him ten years to claim the ultimate WRC prize. He made hisWorld Rally Championshipdebut at the2009 Rally de Portugal, scored his first WRC points at the2011 Rally Mexico and claimed his maiden race victory in Italy in 2017. In 2019, teamed with co-driver Martin Jrveoja and competing for Toyota, Tnak won most of the races throughout the year and secured his first driverschampionship win the first Estonian to do so.

If you think thats a small feat, consider this: since the drivers championship was first awarded in1977, drivers from just nine countries France, Finland, Italy, United Kingdom, Sweden, Germany, Spain, Norway, and now Estonia have won the title.

By Sten Hankewitz

Riina Kionka is, undoubtedly, one of the coolest people I have the honour of knowing and calling my friend. An Estonian-American born in Detroit, Michigan Kionka says shes an accidental diplomat who, as a kid, wanted to be a musician and a conductor. However, fate had other plans for her. In high school, she decided she didnt want to spend the hours in dingy, windowless basement practice rooms and she decided to choose a career in international relations.

She worked as an analyst at Radio FreeEurope before joining the Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1993. Kionkawas Estonias ambassador to Germany from 2000-2004; in 2005, she joined theCouncil of the European Union where she headed a unit dealing withtransatlantic relations and the United Nations. In 2007, she became JavierSolanas special representative on human rights and in 2014 she joined DonaldTusks cabinet as chief foreign policy adviser.

In October this year, she assumed hernew post as the European Unions ambassador to the Republic of South Africa.Federica Mogherini, the European Unions foreign policy chief, appointed her tothe post on 9 October.

Kionka told Estonian World that her overarching task in South Africa is to represent the EU and its policies to the host government as well as to be the eyes and ears of Brussels in South Africa.

By Silver Tambur

Back in 2002, when I was working in a small picturesque village in Englands Lake District, I came across to a local steamboat captain who, when hearing my origins, excitedly exclaimed: Oh, Estonia! Arvo Prt is from Estonia. Admittedly, there are many Prt fans around the world who do not know where the composer comes from but the local captain, who looked like the eccentric scientistDr Emmett Doc Brown from Back to the Future, wasnt one of them (and apparently, he had all Prts albums lined up at home).

Whether they know Prts origins or not, there are tens if not hundreds of thousands of fans of his compositions around the world including some global names such as Paul McCartney, Sting (who, while on a tour stop in Tallinn this summer, made sure to meet Prt at his namesake centre in Laulasmaa), Michael Stipe, Bjrk and Thom Yorke.

Prts music is not confined to private listening either. In January, it was announced by the classical music event database,Bachtrack, that Prt had been for the eighth year in a row the worlds most performed living composer. Bachtrackcalculates a series ofstatisticseach year that show the number of times the work of each composer has been performed around the world.

By Sten Hankewitz

Were sure you know nothing aboutTransferWise and youve never used its services, so let us fill you in. Its amoney-transfer startup, founded in 2011, by two Estonians, Taavet Hinrikus andKristo Krmann. The company is based in London, once the capital of theBritish Empire, but nevertheless we regard it an Estonian startup.

And this year, it became the most valuable fintech startup in Europe after an investment round that valued the company at USD3.5 billion. Yes, thats billion with a b. Nine zeroes.

The USD3.5 billion valuation is morethan double the company achieved in late 2017 at the time of its USD280 millionSeries E round.

So yeah, the founders of TransferWise, a company that now has more than 1,600 employees worldwide, is another collective outstanding global Estonian of 2019.

By Silver Tambur

A truly global Estonian, Paavo Jrvi has for years conducted the worlds finest orchestras, whether it be in Berlin or Moscow, Paris or Tokyo but 2019 was extraordinarily successful for the conductor.

This autumn, Jrvi was named the Conductor of the Year byGermanys leading classical music awards, Opus Klassik, for his recording ofthe complete Sibelius Symphonies with the Orchestre de Paris. The awardceremony took place at the Berlin Konzerthaus on 13 October and was broadcastin Germany on ZDF and promoted on the leading streaming service for classicalmusic, Idagio.

As the son of a famous conductor [Neeme Jrvi], Paavo Jrvihas achieved world-wide success. He is one of the most sought-after orchestralconductors of our time. This autumn, he looks forward to his first season asChief Conductor of the Tonhalle-Orchester Zrich, while continuing to directthe NHK Symphony Orchestra in Tokyo, as well as The Deutsche KammerphilharmonieBremen, Opus Klassik said in a statement, while announcing the award.

And despite his seemingly constant travels, Jrvi remains committed to promoting Estonian music throughout the world as well as staging innovative performances and producing high-quality recordings throughout Estonia. In the spring, the conductor led the Estonian Festival Orchestras tour in Japan. With sell-out concerts in Hamamatsu, Fukui, Nagoya, Osaka, Hiroshima and Tokyos Suntory Hall, the public was invited to hear a conversation with Jrvi and members of the orchestra introducing the Japanese audience to Estonian culture before each concert.

By Sten Hankewitz

On 3 March, Estonia held a generalelection. The Reform Party won, and everyone expected its leader, Kaja Kallas,to become prime minister. And, it all went tits-up from there.

The sitting prime minister, the leaderof the centre-left Centre Party, Jri Ratas, decided the seat he was holding atStenbock House was too valuable to lose. So, instead of conceding defeat and soddingoff, he was committed to hold on to his chair and form a coalition ofconvenience although weve yet to know what the convenience part for him was.He invited the centre-right conservative Isamaa and the far-right populist,anti-immigration, homophobic, all-in-all a racist bunch, known as the EstonianConservative Peoples Party (or EKRE), to participate in the coalition talks. Sure,they had 19 seats in the parliament, but considering who won the election, itwasnt supposed to be Ratass decision in the first place.

Well, Ratass lack of self-criticism and his reluctance to face the election results led to a coalition that shouldnt have been. And that blasphemy gave birth to one of the biggest popular movements in the post-occupation Estonia Kigi Eesti, Everyones Estonia or, as the movement itself translates it, My Estonia Too.

The Kigi Eesti (#kigieesti # #myestoniatoo) movement started with a massive action in the social media (gathering over 20,000 followers in two days) in March and a popular concert in April by residents of Estonia from all walks of life and from various communities that was attended by 10,000 people and reached to over 80,000 people via television and online streams. The movements impact was also noted by many international media outlets. It reminded the government of Jri Ratas the values of liberty, justice and the rule of law, and its become the conscience of everyone who holds human rights, liberties, the freedom of speech and the rule of law dear. And thats admirable.

Full disclosure: The editor-in-chief of Estonian World, Silver Tambur, is a member of the Kigi Eesti movement. I am not. It was purely my idea to include Kigi Eesti in this list; I wrote this chapter on my own, and the fact that Silver is my dear friend, colleague and partner in this endeavour does not affect my judgement one bit. We fight more than married couples do; but I always stand behind righteous values.

By Silver Tambur

Although Kaljulaid was elected Estonias first female president already three years ago, 2019 was the year that she really started to shine abroad until recently, she had still been somewhat in the shadows of the previous president, Toomas Hendrik Ilves, in terms of international interviews and coverage.

Among the major global titles, Kaljulaid was interviewed orfeatured in The Atlantic, Le Monde, Foreign Policy, The Guardian, Der Spiegel,Fox News, Politico and Quartz. While the president prefers to talk aboutEstonias digital state and its affiliated success stories, sadly one of thereasons behind the increased international interest in interviewing her was thechanged political landscape in Estonia.

Following the general election on 3 March and the subsequent inclusion of the populist Estonian Conservative Peoples Party (EKRE) in the Estonian government, Kaljulaid emerged as one of the most prominent critics of the radical rhetoric expressed by the party figureheads (most notably, its leaders, father and son Mart and Martin Helme, Estonias interior and finance ministers, respectively).

I hate them [EKRE politicians] for their behavior, and I apologise for the image this might give. Decent people do not behave themselves this way, Kaljulaid told Foreign Policy in an interview that caused much stir in Estonia and split peoples opinions whether it was right or wrong for the ceremonial figurehead with no executive power to intervene as outspokenly in the politics. The question and answer referred to the white supremacy hand signal made by Mart and Martin Helme at the new governments swearing-in ceremonyin April.

I hope they stop soon; if they dont, Ill keep apologising for them, the president said in the same interview. Unfortunately, they didnt stop. Just in early December, Mart Helme called the new Finnish prime minister, Sanna Marin, a cashier who together with her Red coalition partners would desperately try to destroy Finland and again, it was Kaljulaid who made a phone call to her Finnish counterpart, Sauli Niinist, apologising for the words of radical Estonian interior minister. Kaljulaids frustration is understandable on foreign visits, she now must waste part of the very little and valuable time [that a president from a small country has in meetings with global heavyweights] to explain the political shambles back home.

Domestic concerns aside, it was also a busy year for Kaljulaid in terms of foreign visits. In April, she met with her Russian counterpart, Vladimir Putin, in Moscow, becoming the first Estonian leader to meet the Russian president since 2010. The cherry on the cake was Estonias election as a non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. The Estonian foreign ministry, diplomats and Kaljulaid who led the countrys delegation at the vote on 7 June at the UN headquarters in New York City campaigned long and hard for the seat.

By Sten Hankewitz

According to the Programme for International Student Assessment or PISA, a premier global metric for education the results of Estonian 15-year-olds are the best in Europe and among the strongest in the world. Pupils from China, Singapore, Macao (China), Hong Kong, Estonia, Japan, South Korea, Canada, Taiwan and Finland achieved the best results in the latest PISA study, compiled by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published on 3 December 2019.

Estonias 15-year-olds rank first inreading, science and mathematics in Europe, while in the world, the countrysstudents rank fifth in reading, eighth in mathematics and fourth in sciences.

In reading, which was the focus of PISA 2018, Estonia, Canada, Finland and Ireland were the highest-performing OECD countries. In science, the highest-performing OECD countries were Japan and Estonia. In mathematics, the highest-performing OECD countries were Japan, Korea and Estonia.

So we declare ALL Estonian teachers as among the most outstanding Estonians in the world. And were thinking back to the teachers that helped shape us. Thinking of you, the Estonian language and literature teacher at the Tallinn Secondary School No 20, Ene Liivaste; rest in peace. You shaped me more than I ever let you know, and I thank you for that.

More here:
Top 12 outstanding Estonians in the world 2019 - Estonian World

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), sometimes called Lou Gehrigs disease, is a neurodegenerative disease affecting nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. Researchers at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine published research describing a new way to deliver a gene-silencing vector to mice with ALS. The therapy resulted in long-term suppression of the disease if the treatment was given before the disease started. It also blocked disease progression in the mice if symptoms already appeared.

The study was published in the journal Nature Medicine.

At present, this therapeutic approach provides the most potent therapy ever demonstrated in mouse models of mutated SOD1 gene-linked ALS, said senior author Martin Marsala, professor in the Department of Anesthesiology at UC San Diego School of Medicine. In addition, effective spinal cord delivery of AAV9 vector in adult animals suggests that the use of this new delivery method will likely be effective in treatment of other hereditary forms of ALS or other spinal neurodegenerative disorders that require spinal parenchymal delivery of therapeutic gene(s) or mutated-gene silencing machinery, such as in C9orf72 gene mutation-linked ALS or in some forms of lysosomal storage disease.

ALS appears in two forms, sporadic and familial. The most common form is sporadic, responsible for 90 to 95% of all cases. Familial ALS makes up 5 to 10% of all cases in the U.S., and as the name suggests, is inherited. Studies have shown that a least 200 mutations of the SOD1 gene are linked to ALS.

In healthy individuals, the SOD1 gene provides instructions for an enzyme called superoxide dismutase. This enzyme is used to break down superoxide radicals, which are toxic oxygen molecules that are a byproduct of normal cellular processes. It is believed that the mutations in the gene cause ineffective removal of superoxide radicals or potentially cause other toxicities resulting in motor neuron cell death.

The new research involves injecting shRNA, an artificial RNA molecule that can turn off, or silence, a targeted gene. This delivers shRNA to cells by way of a harmless adeno-associated virus (AAV). In the research, they injected the viruses carrying shRNA into two locations in the spinal cord of adult mice expressing an ALS-causing mutation of the SOD1 gene. They were performed just before disease onset or after the laboratory animals started showing symptoms.

The researchers have tested the approach in adult pigs, whose have spinal cord dimensions closer to those in humans. They found that by using an injector developed for adult humans, the procedure could be performed without surgical complications and in a reliable fashion.

The next step will be more safety studies with a large animal model.

While no detectable side effects related to treatment were seen in mice more than one year after treatment, the definition of safety in large animal specimens more similar to humans is a critical step in advancing this treatment approach toward clinical testing, Marsala said.

About 5,000 people are diagnosed with ALS in the U.S. each year, with about 30,000 people living with the disease. There are symptomatic treatments, but no cure. Most patients die from the disease two to five years after diagnosis.

Read this article:
Experimental Gene Therapy Shows Promise for Preventing and Treating Lou Gehrig's Disease in Mice - BioSpace

In the summer, a mother in Nashville with a seemingly incurable genetic disorder finally found an end to her suffering -- by editing her genome. Victoria Gray's recovery from sickle cell disease, which had caused her painful seizures, came in a year of breakthroughs in one of the hottest areas of medical research -- gene therapy. "I have hoped for a cure since I was about 11," the 34-year-old told AFP in an email.

"Since I received the new cells, I have been able to enjoy more time with my family without worrying about pain or an out-of-the-blue emergency." Over several weeks, Gray's blood was drawn so doctors could get to the cause of her illness -- stem cells from her bone marrow that were making deformed red blood cells. The stem cells were sent to a Scottish laboratory, where their DNA was modified using Crispr/Cas9 -- pronounced "Crisper" -- a new tool informally known as molecular "scissors." The genetically edited cells were transfused back into Gray's veins and bone marrow. A month later, she was producing normal blood cells.

Medics warn that caution is necessary but, theoretically, she has been cured. "This is one patient. This is early results. We need to see how it works out in other patients," said her doctor, Haydar Frangoul, at the Sarah Cannon Research Institute in Nashville. "But these results are really exciting." In Germany, a 19-year-old woman was treated with a similar method for a different blood disease, beta thalassemia. She had previously needed 16 blood transfusions per year.

Nine months later, she is completely free of that burden. For decades, the DNA of living organisms such as corn and salmon has been modified. But Crispr, invented in 2012, made gene editing more widely accessible. It is much simpler than preceding technology, cheaper and easy to use in small labs. The technique has given new impetus to the perennial debate over the wisdom of humanity manipulating life itself. "It's all developing very quickly," said French geneticist Emmanuelle Charpentier, one of Crispr's inventors and the cofounder of Crispr Therapeutics, the biotech company conducting the clinical trials involving Gray and the German patient.

Cures

Crispr is the latest breakthrough in a year of great strides in gene therapy, a medical adventure started three decades ago, when the first TV telethons were raising money for children with muscular dystrophy. Scientists practising the technique insert a normal gene into cells containing a defective gene. It does the work the original could not -- such as making normal red blood cells, in Victoria's case, or making tumor-killing super white blood cells for a cancer patient. Crispr goes even further: instead of adding a gene, the tool edits the genome itself.

After decades of research and clinical trials on a genetic fix to genetic disorders, 2019 saw a historic milestone: approval to bring to market the first gene therapies for a neuromuscular disease in the US and a blood disease in the European Union. They join several other gene therapies -- bringing the total to eight -- approved in recent years to treat certain cancers and an inherited blindness. Serge Braun, the scientific director of the French Muscular Dystrophy Association, sees 2019 as a turning point that will lead to a medical revolution. "Twenty-five, 30 years, that's the time it had to take," he told AFP from Paris.

"It took a generation for gene therapy to become a reality. Now, it's only going to go faster." Just outside Washington, at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), researchers are also celebrating a "breakthrough period." "We have hit an inflection point," said Carrie Wolinetz, NIH's associate director for science policy.These therapies are exorbitantly expensive, however, costing up to $2 million -- meaning patients face grueling negotiations with their insurance companies. They also involve a complex regimen of procedures that are only available in wealthy countries.

Gray spent months in hospital getting blood drawn, undergoing chemotherapy, having edited stem cells reintroduced via transfusion -- and fighting a general infection. "You cannot do this in a community hospital close to home," said her doctor. However, the number of approved gene therapies will increase to about 40 by 2022, according to MIT researchers. They will mostly target cancers and diseases that affect muscles, the eyes and the nervous system.

Bioterrorism

Another problem with Crispr is that its relative simplicity has triggered the imaginations of rogue practitioners who don't necessarily share the medical ethics of Western medicine. Last year in China, scientist He Jiankui triggered an international scandal -- and his excommunication from the scientific community -- when he used Crispr to create what he called the first gene-edited humans. The biophysicist said he had altered the DNA of human embryos that became twin girls Lulu and Nana.

His goal was to create a mutation that would prevent the girls from contracting HIV, even though there was no specific reason to put them through the process. "That technology is not safe," said Kiran Musunuru, a genetics professor at the University of Pennsylvania, explaining that the Crispr "scissors" often cut next to the targeted gene, causing unexpected mutations. "It's very easy to do if you don't care about the consequences," Musunuru added. Despite the ethical pitfalls, restraint seems mainly to have prevailed so far.

The community is keeping a close eye on Russia, where biologist Denis Rebrikov has said he wants to use Crispr to help deaf parents have children without the disability. There is also the temptation to genetically edit entire animal species -- malaria-causing mosquitoes in Burkina Faso or mice hosting ticks that carry Lyme disease in the US. The researchers in charge of those projects are advancing carefully, however, fully aware of the unpredictability of chain reactions on the ecosystem.

Charpentier doesn't believe in the more dystopian scenarios predicted for gene therapy, including American "biohackers" injecting themselves with Crispr technology bought online. "Not everyone is a biologist or scientist," she said. And the possibility of military hijacking to create soldier-killing viruses or bacteria that would ravage enemies' crops? Charpentier thinks that technology generally tends to be used for the better. "I'm a bacteriologist -- we've been talking about bioterrorism for years," she said. "Nothing has ever happened."

Get the best of News18 delivered to your inbox - subscribe to News18 Daybreak. Follow News18.com on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, Telegram, TikTok and on YouTube, and stay in the know with what's happening in the world around you in real time.

Read the rest here:
Year in Review: Gene Therapy Technology and a Milestone 2019 for Medical Research - News18

Q4 2019 has been the best quarter (IBB up 22.5% XBI up 26.7%) for biotech investors since Q1 2015, which was the top of 2014-2015 rally. This 20+% rally is largely attributed to Fed's overall easing stance, increased mergers & acquisitions, positive regulatory backdrop, solid trial results and better-than-expected corporate earnings. 2019 deal activity has increased significantly, and large Biopharma companies are actively conducting mergers and acquisitions in order to deliver higher long-term return for their investors.

Based on data from Chimera Research Group (Biotech M&A - 2019 Deals), there were 28 biotech M/A deals in 2019, comparing to only 16 last year. The accumulative deal value is $203.7B, which includes two mega deals: BMY buying Celgene for $74B and ABBV buying Allergan for $63B. In 2018, total deal value was only $48.2B. Going into 2020, I am optimistic about the high volume of biotech deal activity will continue.

According to SVB Leerink Research, large Biopharma acquirers currently have $225B dry powder available for M&A deals. While I don't expect we have another year with over $200B total deal value, a year with $100-150B is very likely.

Based the EY M&A Firepower report, a couple of large Biopharma companies such as GILD, PFE, SNY, PFE, NVS, still haven't made any significant M&A deals in 2019. Based on the chart above, these five companies have about $15B to $25B of dry powder. Companies like GILD, MRK, AMGN, or NVS, might do a mega deal, acquiring a large-cap biotech company in a transaction valued more than $15B. While mega deals are hard to predict, I will focus on deals valued at less than $10B so that this would not use up all the dry powder of those large Biopharma companies mentioned at the start of the section.

Therefore, I am picking 5 best Mid-cap biotech acquisition targets in this post with deal value less than $10B each.

(Source: EY 2019 M&A Firepower Report)

With a market cap of $4.9B, Global Blood Therapeutics is engaged in the innovation and commercialization of drugs to serve the needs of sickle cell disease (NYSE:SCD). SCD is an inherited blood disorder caused by a genetic mutation in the beta-chain of hemoglobin, leading to the formation of abnormal hemoglobin known as sickle hemoglobin. GBT went up 60% over 3 weeks since the company confirmed FDA approval of Oxbryta (voxelotor), company's main drug to treat sickle cell disease in adults and children 12 years of age and older.

Oxbryta, an oral therapy taken once daily, is the first approved treatment that directly inhibits sickle hemoglobin polymerization, the root cause of SCD.

FDA Approves Oxbryta (Voxelotor), the First Medicine Specifically Targeting the Root Cause of Sickle Cell Disease

Following suit, the European Medicines Agency (NYSEMKT:EMA) has also included voxelotor in its Priority Medicines (PRIME) program, while the European Commission (NYSE:EC) has designated voxelotor as an orphan medicinal product for the treatment of patients with SCD. Based on GBT's EHA corporate update in June, Oxbryta is addressing the needs of over 100,000 SCD patients in U.S. and 60,000 patients in Europe. The annual cost of SCD care is $200,000 per patient. An approved drug means R&D risks are largely absent and GBT is attractive to large Biopharma companies which seek to expand their drug pipelines without development risks.

Source

Additionally, GBT started HOPE-KIDS2 which is to confirm there is a decreased risk of stroke for children 2 to 15 years old with Oxbryta. GBT also announced a collaboration with Syros Pharmaceuticals (SYRS) to discover, develop and commercialize novel therapies for sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia. On Dec 18, GBT secured $150M non-dilutive term loan to enhance its cash position for further development and commercialization, which clears any near-term dilution risks and places company in a great spot to negotiate a good deal with potential acquirers.

uniQure (QURE) is developing a set of gene therapy treatments for various diseases, and its lead product candidate AMT-061 is in Phase 3 trials targeting hemophilia B. In July, uniQure reports updated AMT-061 and AMT-060 data in patients with hemophilia B. Topline data from HOPE-B pivotal study will come out in 2020. Positive clinical outcomes will provide the basis for QURE to potentially be the first biotech to have a one-off treatment for patients with Hemophilia B. The Hemophilia B market could reach $8 billion by 2026, making for a potential blockbuster status.

Source

In June 2019, Bloomberg reported that QURE is exploring options including a potential sale or partnerships.

"QURE is drawing interest from pharmaceutical companies looking to expand in gene therapy, according to the report, and a deal would bring access to a pipeline of experimental treatments for hemophilia, Huntington's disease and other disorders."

UniQure considering potential sale - Bloomberg

Source

Gene therapy is one of biotech's hottest area in recent years.

"After the Federal Trade Commission cleared the way last week for it to acquire Spark Therapeutics and its portfolio of treatments for genetically driven diseases, Roche followed up on Dec 23 with a massive $1.2 billion collaboration with Sarepta Therapeutics for the biotech's experimental Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene therapy."

Roche hands $1B to Sarepta in major return to gene therapy deals

"Japanese drugmaker Astellas on Monday became the latest large pharmaceutical company to buy its way into a burgeoning gene therapy field, announcing a $3 billion deal to buy the San Francisco-based biotech Audentes Therapeutics."

Astellas joins gene therapy race with $3B Audentes buy

With management's intention for a sale, QURE will likely be acquired in 2020. In 2019 Q3 earnings release (Source), management stated that, "Strong Balance Sheet with September 30, 2019 Cash and Cash Equivalents of $403 Million Expected to Fund Operations into Mid-2022." Currently QURE is valued at a market cap of $3.3B. A possible deal with premium of 75-100% like Roche's offer for Spark Therapeutics could get approved by QURE's management and shareholders.

On Dec 13, Intercept Pharmaceuticals has filed a marketing application in Europe seeking approval of obeticholic acid (OCA) for the treatment of fibrosis due to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NYSEARCA:NASH). An AdCom meeting has been tentatively scheduled for April 22, 2020 related to its U.S. application, necessitating an extension of the agency's current action date of March 26, 2020. New interim data confirmed excellent efficacy and its main drug OCA 25 mg showed robust improvement in liver fibrosis (by 1 stage) with no worsening of NASH at 18 months in the Phase 3 REGENERATE studies. It also cleared doubts about OCA's side effects.

Source

NASH, or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, is defined as fatty, inflamed liver that is not due to alcohol abuse. In western countries, NASH tends to be associated with obesity, often with Type 2 diabetes. The NIH estimates that 3-12% of American adults have NASH. If the accurate number is 6%, that implies more than 10 million patients in the US. As one of the most promising players in NASH, ICPT is the best acquisition target for Gilead (GILD) to expand its dominance in the $60B NASH market or other large Biopharma companies to have a piece of the NASH pie.

Currently, ICPT is trading at a market cap of $4B with annualized sales of $250M which is growing at 32% year-over-year. As of 9/30/2019, ICPT has $714M cash on hand, which eliminated any near-term equity dilution risks. If you want more information, there are many great articles written on ICPT by other SA contributors where they listed ICPT's strengths in NASH in details.

bluebird bio is a clinical-stage biotech company which builds integrated product platforms that encompass gene therapy, cancer immunotherapy and gene editing for the treatment of cancer and rare diseases. Recently, BLUE announced a positive, long-term follow-up of 5 years for beta-thalassemia patients who have been transfusion-free for an extended period of time. Two weeks ago, BLUE and BMY announced positive topline results from a Phase 2 clinical trial, KarMMa, evaluating CAR T therapy idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) (bb2121) in treatment-resistant multiple myeloma patients. In early 2020, the first commercial patient will be dosed with ZYNTEGLO for transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia in the European Union.

(Source)

Similar to QURE, BLUE is another promising mid-cap biotech company focused on gene therapy and gene editing. With previous buyouts of Kite Pharma, AveXis, Sparkand Audentes, large pharma companies have shown their interests in gene therapy and are optimistic about the future of gene editing. In Nov, BLUE was upgraded to Outperform with a target price of $119 by SVB Leerink.

Leerink sees "the transition to a commercial gene therapy company in early 2020 offering a balance between launch execution as a risk vs. high probability of success trial readouts and regulatory decisions in 2020 as potentially appealing catalysts for BLUE over the next 12 months," Foroohar writes.

bluebird bio upgraded at SVB Leerink on valuation

BLUE has a diverse pipeline which includes multiple Phase 2 and Phase 3 data readouts targeting sever genetic diseases in the next 2 years. On top of that, the Company has also started some clinic trials on Oncology. Comparing to other biotech companies focusing solely on gene therapy, BLUE is a more attractive acquisition target due to its diverse pipeline and huge potential.

(Source)

2019 has been a great year for BLUE regarding its multiple clinical successes. However, the share price is still down 8.7% YTD even with the Q4 biotech rally. A market cap of $4.9B is significantly underestimating the upside potential of company's pipeline and talents. As of 9/30/2019, the Company still has $1.41B cash on hand which is sufficient to last till mid-2021 with a quarterly net loss of $200M. I can easily see a big biopharma company to acquire BLUE for $10-12B for its various drugs in the pipeline targeting both severe genetic diseases and oncology and this purchase would generate massive returns for the next decade.

Amicus Therapeutics is a biopharmaceutical company that develops orally-administered, small molecule drugs to treat human genetic diseases. The drugs, called pharmacological chaperones, are being developed to treat Fabray, Gaucher, and Pompe disease. In its October analyst day presentation, FOLD has guided for peak sales of $1.0 billion for its only commercialized Fabry disease therapy, Galafold. Galafold is expected to reach an annual revenue potential of more than $500 million in 2023. This will imply a five-year CAGR of more than 40%.

(Source)

In 2019 Q3 earnings call, the CEO John Crowley stated,

Galafold continues to be one of the most successful launches for a rare disease medicine ever and remains the cornerstone of our success, with $48.8 million in third quarter revenue. We're also now treating more than 1,000 patients at a 90% plus compliance and adherence rate, and we have upwardly revised full-year 2019 guidance of now $170 million to $180 million. All of the global launch metrics that we track are on target or exceeding targets, including new patient starts compliance and adherence to therapy, reimbursement and access, new country approvals and a broadening prescriber base, among others.

Positive data from Phase 1/2 trial evaluating investigational therapy, AT-GAA, seems to establish Amicus' position in the Pompe disease treatment landscape. In February 2019, AT-GAA secured Breakthrough Therapy Designation from FDA for treatment of late-onset Pompe disease. FOLD is expected to complete enrolling patients in the Phase 3 PROPEL study going into 2020. Data from this trial is anticipated in the first half of 2021. If the trial meets its primary endpoints and drug is approved, FOLD is estimating an annual peak sales opportunity of $1.0 billion - $2.0 billion with AT-GAA. FOLD was also able to achieve positive interim results from a phase 1/2 study using AAV-CLN6 gene therapy to treat patients with Batten disease.

(Source)

Currently, FOLD is trading at a market cap of $2.55B. As of 9/30/2019, FOLD has $514M cash on hand. With exceptional growth in Galafold sales going forward, the company has enough cash going into 1H2022. Considering FY23 Galafold's sales of $500M, the stock is trading at 4x P/S excluding cash. FOLD is an attractive acquisition target for any large biopharma companies which are interested in treating rare disease.

Investing in mid-cap biotech companies is highly risky. This article only is only my personal speculation about which mid-cap biotech companies might get acquired in 2020 with a big fat premium. Speculation for M&A is not a solid basis for long-term investing. If readers are okay with the downside of investing in midcap biotech companies mentioned above, I would recommend buy some common stock at dips.

For company-specific risks, please see disclosures in 10-K and other regulatory filings for a fuller understanding of the risks associated with investing in the particular company.

Disclosure: I am/we are long GBT, QURE. I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article.

Additional disclosure: I am/we are also long ICPT.

See more here:
5 Best Mid-Cap Biotech Acquisition Targets - Seeking Alpha

The European Medicines Agency has validated BioMarins application to market its investigational AAV gene therapy, valoctocogene roxaparvovec, for adults with hemophilia A.

As such, the company said it expects the agencys review of the therapy in January next year under accelerated assessment.

The EMA granted access to its Priority Medicines (PRIME) regulatory initiative in 2017 for valoctocogene roxaparvovec and recently granted BioMarin's request for accelerated assessment of the MAA, potentially shortening the review period.

The submission is based on an interim analysis of study participants treated in an ongoing Phase III study with material from the to-be-commercialised process and updated three-year Phase I/II data.

It marks the first marketing application to be filed in Europe for a gene therapy product for any type of hemophilia.

BioMarin also announced the filing of a Biologics License Application (BLA) to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment, with the review expected to being in February.

"We are pleased that the agency has recognised the potential scientific advancement that valoctocogene roxaparvovec could bring to people with severe hemophilia A," said Hank Fuchs, president, Global Research and Development at BioMarin.

"We continue to move thoughtfully and urgently through the regulatory review process to deliver a treatment that we believe has the potential to make a meaningful difference to people with hemophilia A.

Go here to read the rest:
BioMarin's haemophilia gene therapy moves forward in the EU - PharmaTimes

For all the flak the pharmaceutical industry has taken for its exorbitant pricing practices, theres no getting around the fact that its been a pretty stunning decade for medical progress.

Multiple new categories of medicines have moved from dreams and lab benches into the market and peoples lives, and investors who came along for the ride often reaped extraordinary profits. The Nasdaq Biotech Index is up 360% over the last 10 years to the S&P 500s 190%. And thats without mentioning the hundreds of billions of dollars in takeovers that rewarded shareholders with windfalls.

As 2020 approaches, its worth highlighting how far weve come in the last decade in developing new therapies and approaches to treating disease, even as politicians grapple with how to rein in healthcare costs without breaking an ecosystem that incentivizes the search for new discoveries. Here are some of the decades biggest medical breakthroughs:

First approved in the U.S. two years ago, these treatments still sound like science fiction. Drugmakers harvest immune cells from patients, engineer them to hunt tumors, grow them by the millions into a living drug, and reinfuse them. Yescarta from Gilead Sciences Inc. and Novartiss Kymriah the two treatments approved so far can put patients with deadly blood cancers into remission in some cases. At the beginning of the decade, academics were just beginning early patient tests.

Its still in the early days for the technology, and some issues are holding these drugs back. There are significant side effects, and the bespoke manufacturing process is expensive and time-consuming. That has contributed to a bruising price tag: Both of the approved medicines cost over $350,000 for a single treatment. And for now, cell therapy is mostly limited to very sick patients who have exhausted all other alternatives.

Luckily, more options are on their way. Some drugmakers are focused on different types of blood cancers. Others hope to mitigate side effects or create treatments that can be grown from donor cells to reduce expenses and speed up treatment. In the longer run, companies are targeting trickier solid tumors. Scientists wouldnt be looking so far into the future without this decades extraordinary progress.

Researchers have spent years trying to figure out how to replace faulty DNA to cure genetic diseases, potentially with as little as one treatment. Scientific slip-ups and safety issues derailed a wave of initial excitement about these therapies starting in the 1990s; the first two such treatments to be approved in Europe turned out to be commercial flops.

This decade, the technology has come of age. Luxturna, a treatment developed by Spark Therapeutics Inc. for a rare eye disease, became the first gene therapy to get U.S. approval in late 2017. Then in May came the approval of Novartiss Zolgensma for a deadly muscle-wasting disease. The drugs have the potential to stave off blindness and death or significant disability with a single dose, and, unsurprisingly, Big Pharma has given them a substantial financial endorsement. Roche Holding paid $4.7 billion to acquire Spark this year, while Novartis spent $8.7 billion in 2018 to buy Zolgensma developer Avexis Inc.

Dozens of additional therapies are in development for a variety of other conditions and should hit the market in the next few years. They offer the tantalizing potential not just to cure diseases, but to replace years of wildly expensive alternative treatment. If drugmakers can resist the temptation to squeeze out every ounce of value by doing things like charging $2.1 million for Zolgensma, theres potential for these treatments to save both lives and money.

The above treatments modify DNA; this group uses the bodys messaging system to turn a patients cells into a drug factory or interrupt a harmful process. Two scientists won a Nobel Prize in 2006 for discoveries related to RNA interference, or RNAi, one approach to making this type of drug, showing its potential to treat difficult diseases. That prompted an enormous amount of hype and investment, but a series of clinical failures and safety issues led large drugmakers to give up on the approach. Sticking with it into this decade paid off.

Alnylam Inc. has been working since 2002 to figure out the thorny problems plaguing this class of treatments. It brought two RNAi drugs for rare diseases to the market in the last two years and has more on the way. The technology is also moving from small markets to larger ones: Novartis just paid $9.7 billion to acquire Medicines Co. for its Alnylam-developed drug that can substantially lower cholesterol with two annual treatments.

Ionis Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Biogen Inc. collaborated on Spinraza, a so-called antisense drug that became the first effective treatment for a deadly rare disease. It was approved in late 2016 and had one of the most impressive drug launches of the decade. And Moderna Therapeutics rode a wave of promising messenger RNA-based medicines to the most lucrative biotechnology initial public offering of all time in 2018. From pharma abandonment to multiple approvals and blockbuster sales potential in under 10 years. Not bad!

Scientists had been working on ways to unleash the human immune system on cancers well before the 2010s without much luck. Checkpoint inhibitors drugs that release the brakes on the bodys defense mechanisms have since produced outstanding results in a variety of cancers and are the decades most lucrative turnaround story.

Merck got Keytruda via its 2009 acquisition of Schering-Plough, but it was far from the focus of that deal. Once Bristol-Myers Squibb & Co. produced promising results for its similar drug, Opdivo, Merck started a smart development plan that has turned Keytruda into the worlds most valuable cancer medicine. Its now available to treat more than 10 types of the disease, and has five direct competitors in the U.S. alone. Analysts expect the category to exceed $25 billion in sales next year.

If anything, the drugs may have been too successful. Copycat efforts are pulling money that could fund more innovative research. There are thousands of trials underway attempting to extend the reach of these medicines by combining them with other drugs. Some are based more on wishful thinking than firm scientific footing. Still, the ability to shrink some previously intractable tumors is a considerable advance. If drugmakers finally figure out the right combinations and competition creates pricing pressure that boosts access, these medicines will do even more in the years to come.

From a combined economic and public-health standpoint, a new group of highly effective hepatitis C medicines may outstrip just about anything else on this list so far. Cure rates for earlier treatments werent especially high; they took some time to work and had nasty side effects. The approval of Gileads Sovaldi in 2013, followed in time by successor drugs such as AbbVie Inc.s Mavyret, have made hepatitis C pretty easily curable in a matter of weeks. For Gilead, getting to market rapidly with its drug proved enormously profitable; it raked in over $40 billion in revenue in just three years.

Hepatitis C causes liver damage over time that can lead to transplants or cancer. The existence of a rapid cure is a significant long-term boon even if the initial pricing on the drugs made them, in some cases, prohibitively expensive. Sovaldi notoriously cost $1,000 per pill at launch and over $80,000 for a course of treatment. The good news is that treatments have become a lot more affordable, which should allow this class of drugs to have a broad and lasting positive health effect.

Hepatitis C is one of the relatively few markets where the drug-pricing system has worked well. As competing medicines hit the market, the effective cost of these treatments plummeted. That, in turn, made the drugs more accessible to state Medicaid programs and prison systems, which operate on tight budgets and care for populations with higher rates of hepatitis C infection. Louisiana has pioneered the use of a Netflix model, under which the state paid an upfront fee for unlimited access to the drug. Its an arrangement that will help cure thousands of patients, and other states are expected to follow its lead.

Many of the medicines highlighted in this column have list prices in the six figures, a trend thats helped drive up Americas drug spending by more than $100 billion since 2009. Building on this decades medical advances is going to lead to even more effective medicines that will probably come with steeper prices.

Id like to hope that policymakers will come up with a solution that better balances the need to reward innovation with the need to keep medicines accessible.

That would really be a breakthrough.

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The 2010s were a decade of medical breakthroughs - Los Angeles Times

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By Vector: Viral vector Retroviruses Lentiviruses Adenoviruses Adeno Associated Virus Herpes Simplex Virus Poxvirus Vaccinia Virus Non-viral vector Naked/Plasmid Vectors Gene Gun Electroporation Lipofection By Gene Therapy: Antigen Cytokine Tumor Suppressor Suicide Deficiency Growth factors Receptors Other By Application: Oncological Disorders Rare Diseases Cardiovascular Diseases Neurological Disorders Infectious disease Other Diseases

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Benchmarking: It includes functional benchmarking, process benchmarking, and competitive benchmarking

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The following years taken into consideration in this research to forecast the global Gene Therapy market size are as follows:

Base Year: 2019 | Estimated Year: 2020 | Forecast Year: 2020 to 2029

TOC of Gene Therapy Market Report Includes:

1. Industry Overview of Gene Therapy

2. Industry Chain Analysis of Gene Therapy

3. Manufacturing Technology of Gene Therapy

4. Major Manufacturers Analysis of Gene Therapy

5. Global Productions, Revenue, and Price Analysis of Gene Therapy by Regions, Creators, Types and Applications

6. Global and Foremost Regions Capacity, Production, Revenue and Growth Rate of Gene Therapy

7. Consumption Value, Consumption Volumes, Import, Export and Trade Price Study of Gene Therapy by Regions

8. Gross Margin Examination of Gene Therapy

9. Marketing Traders or Distributor Examination of Gene Therapy

10. Global Impacts on Gene Therapy Industry

11. Development Trend Analysis of Gene Therapy

12. Contact information of Gene Therapy

13. New Project Investment Feasibility Analysis of Gene Therapy

14. Conclusion of the Global Gene Therapy Industry 2020 Market Research Report

CONTINUE

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Gene Therapy Market 2020: New Innovative Solutions to Boost Global Growth with New Technology, Busin - PharmiWeb.com

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Gene Therapy for Age-related Macular Degeneration Market Strategic Business Report 2019-2025 (RetroSense Therapeutics, REGENXBIO, AGTC, and many...

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Global Cancer Gene Therapy Market Insight Growth Analysis on Volume, Revenue and Forecast to 2019-2025 - Filmi Baba

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Cell and Gene Therapy Market in-depth Analysis Including Key Players and Their Future Growth Rate Till 2027 - Market Research Sheets